Journal

Chili Pepper

July 2, 2026 · Omnia Sana
Capsicum annuum
Family: Solanaceae  ·  Parts used: Fruit, Seed  ·  Also known as: cayenne pepper, hot pepper, red pepper, jalapeño

Key actions

Analgesic (pain relief)Anti-inflammatoryAntimicrobialDigestive aid

Traditional & clinical uses, by strength of evidence

  • Arthritis / joint painModerate
  • Back painModerate
  • Pain (general)Moderate
  • Cardiovascular / heart healthLimited
  • BloatingTraditional
  • HeadacheTraditional
  • IndigestionTraditional
  • Infection (general)Traditional
  • Inflammation (general)Traditional
  • Skin irritationTraditional
  • WoundsTraditional

Selected studies & references

ReviewCapsicum annuum L. and its bioactive constituents: a critical review of a traditional culinary spice in terms of its modern pharmacological potentials with toxicological issues (2023)
ReviewCapsicum annuum (hot pepper): an ancient Latin-American crop with outstanding bioactive compounds and nutraceutical potential. A review (2020)
ReviewA review of the effects of Capsicum annuum L. and its constituent, capsaicin, in metabolic syndrome (2018)
ReviewBiological activities of red pepper (Capsicum annuum) and its pungent principle capsaicin: a review (2016)
ReviewPhytochemistry and gastrointestinal benefits of the medicinal spice, Capsicum annuum L. (Chilli): a review (2016)
ReviewPharmacological importance of an ethnobotanical plant: Capsicum annuum L. (2014)
RctTopical capsaicin (high concentration) for chronic neuropathic pain in adults (2017)
ClinicalConsumption of spicy foods and total and cause specific mortality: population based cohort study (2015)

All 17 studies in the Knowledge Finder →

Educational use only. This profile summarises traditional and scientific sources for reference. It is not medical advice and not a substitute for a qualified practitioner. Some plants carry safety cautions and drug interactions — always check before use.

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