In Vitro Evaluate the Antiproliferative Impact of Cnicus Benedictus L. Leaves Methanolic Extract on Cervical Cancer

Abstract

Objective The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the Cnicus benedictus leaf methanolic extract (CBHE) in reducing the growth of cervical cancer cells (Hela cancer cell line). Methods The extraction was achieved using the Soxhlet apparatus. The study utilized a human cervical cancer cell line for antiproliferative evaluation and a human fibroblast cell line for toxicity assessment on normal cells. The incubation periods were 24 and 72 hours, and the concentration of the extract varied between 0.1 and 1,000 µg/ml. Results The study exhibits that the methanolic extract of Cnicus Benedictus leaves can lessen the growth of human cervical cancer cells. The growth inhibition of the extract was dependent on the concentration and time, with the highest inhibition rate seen at 1,000 µg/ml after 72 hours of incubation. The study also revealed that the extract had minimal impact on the growth of normal cells. Conclusion The study shows that Cnicus Benedictus leaves methanolic extract has ability to inhibit the growth of human cervical cancer cells in vitro. The extract cytotoxic behavior was (cell cycle and cell non-cycle) specific. The research also found that the extract selectively kills cancer cells rather than normal cells, indicating its safety in their effectivity.