Elder (Sambucus nigra) as a tool for helping with Respiratory support

This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (180 participants) found that black elderberry (Sambucus nigra) supplementation substantially reduced upper respiratory symptoms, with a large mean effect size, presenting an alternative to antibiotics for upper respiratory symptoms from viral infections such as the common cold and influenza.

Elderberry has been used in folk medicine for centuries to treat influenza, colds and sinusitis, and has been reported to have antiviral activity against influenza and herpes simplex. We investigated the efficacy and safety of oral elderberry syrup for treating influenza A and B infections. Sixty patients (aged 18-54 years) suffering from influenza-like symptoms for 48 h or less were enrolled in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study during the influenza season of 1999-2000 in Norway. Patients received 15 ml of elderberry or placebo syrup four times a day for 5 days, and recorded their symptoms using a visual analogue scale. Symptoms were relieved on average 4 days earlier and use of rescue medication was significantly less in those receiving elderberry extract compared with placebo. Elderberry extract seems to offer an efficient, safe and cost-effective treatment for influenza. These findings need to be confirmed in a larger study.

Elderberry (Sambucus nigra) has antiviral properties due to its ability to modulate inflammatory cytokines. This review concludes the current evidence suggests elderberry is appropriate for the prevention and initial treatment of viral disease, while noting a theoretical concern about over-stimulating the immune system in COVID-19.