Chemical composition and microstructural peculiarities of overground and underground vegetative organs of field restharrow (Ononis arvensis L.)

Abstract

The paper presents the results of the study of anatomy and chemical composition of Field Restharrow (Ononis arvensis L.). The existence of triterpene alcohol α-onocerin and isoflavons in the overground organs of the plant is established by chemical analysis. Oxycumarines - scopoletin and scopolin are isolated and identified. Morphological characterization of the whole plant is given. Anatomy of the vegetative organs of the species is examined. Among the main microstructural characteristics multilayer integumentary tissues, active periderm and sclerenchyma cells were specified in roots; and complex radial rays and structural units of wood, located radially, were observed in the central cylinder. Shoots are characterized with intensive pubescence. Mechanical tissues of different structures exist in the parenchime of crust and central cylinder of shoots. Vessels with spiral and spiro-annular thickened walls are located in the libriforms of wood. Leaves of Ononis arvensis are bifacial, mesophile is of dorsiventral structure; central conductive bunch is complex-collateral. Basal cells of upper and lower epidermis belong to of bent-walled type, where paracytal and anisocytal cells of stomatal apparatus are scattered chaotically.