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Omnia Sana · Plant Monograph

Wild Yam

Dioscorea villosa

Family DioscoreaceaeParts used Root and rhizomeAlso known as Colic root, Rheumatism root, Mexican wild yam

This monograph compiles 2 documented constituents, 3 pharmacological actions, 9 traditional / indicated uses, supported by 6 cited sources, drawn directly from the Omnia Sana plant database.

Key Constituents

Steroidal saponins yielding diosgenin[4, 5]

Diosgenin is an industrial precursor for making steroid hormones in the laboratory, but it is NOT converted into hormones in the human body. Oral bioavailability of diosgenin is low; in animal studies orally administered diosgenin restored skin thickness in ovariectomised mice and lowered blood lipids.

Saponins
Phytosterols and alkaloids[4]

Supporting constituents of the root.

PhytosterolsAlkaloids

Pharmacological Actions

Analgesic (pain relief)[4]

Antispasmodic / analgesic for menstrual cramps and muscle spasm (antinociceptive in animal models)

Anti-inflammatory[4]

Anti-inflammatory for joint and inflammatory pain

Antispasmodic[4]

Antispasmodic / analgesic for menstrual cramps and muscle spasm (antinociceptive in animal models)

Traditional & Indicated Uses

Arthritis / joint pain[4]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

more plants for arthritis / joint pain →detailed sources →
Back pain[4]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from analgesic action

more plants for back pain →detailed sources →
Headache[4]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from analgesic action

more plants for headache →detailed sources →
Inflammation (general)[4]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

more plants for inflammation (general) →detailed sources →
Menopause[4, 6]Moderate · 5/10

Traditional support for menopausal symptoms (see safety note - it does NOT act as a natural progesterone) - a placebo-controlled crossover RCT of topical wild yam cream found little effect on menopausal symptoms, lipids or hormones

more plants for menopause →detailed sources →
Menstrual cramps[4]Traditional · 2/10

Antispasmodic / analgesic for menstrual cramps and muscle spasm (antinociceptive in animal models)

more plants for menstrual cramps →detailed sources →
Muscle spasm[4]Traditional · 2/10

Antispasmodic / analgesic for menstrual cramps and muscle spasm (antinociceptive in animal models)

more plants for muscle spasm →detailed sources →
Pain (general)[4]Traditional · 2/10

Anti-inflammatory for joint and inflammatory pain

more plants for pain (general) →detailed sources →
Skin irritation[4]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

more plants for skin irritation →detailed sources →

Safety, Cautions & Contraindications

Safety note[4, 6]Info

IMPORTANT myth-bust: wild yam / diosgenin is NOT converted into progesterone or DHEA in the body, so it does not work as a 'natural progesterone' - claims to that effect are incorrect. Consistent with this, a randomized placebo-controlled crossover trial of topical wild yam cream found no significant change in symptoms, serum/salivary progesterone, oestradiol, FSH or lipids.

Safety note[4]Caution

Generally well tolerated orally (no acute or subchronic toxicity in animal studies); large doses may cause nausea or vomiting. Avoid medicinal doses in pregnancy and breastfeeding and in hormone-sensitive conditions as a precaution.

References

REF-0794, REF-0795, REF-0796

References & Sources

  1. Depypere, H.T. and Comhaire, F.H (2013) 'Herbal preparations for the menopause: beyond isoflavones and black cohosh', Maturitas, 77(2), pp. 191-194. doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2013.11.001 Traditional / reference
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2013.11.001
  2. Cai, B., Zhang, Y., Wang, Z., Xu, D. et al (2020) 'Therapeutic Potential of Diosgenin and Its Major Derivatives against Neurological Diseases: Recent Advances', Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2020, pp. 3153082. doi:10.1155/2020/3153082 Traditional / reference
    https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3153082
  3. Raj, P.S., Bergfeld, W.F., Belsito, D.V., Cohen, D.E. et al (2023) 'Safety Assessment of Dioscorea Villosa (Wild Yam) Root Extract as Used in Cosmetics', International Journal of Toxicology, 42(3_suppl), pp. 29S-31S. doi:10.1177/10915818231204230 Traditional / reference
    https://doi.org/10.1177/10915818231204230
  4. Lima, C.M., Lima, A.K., Melo, M.G.D., Serafini, M.R., Oliveira, D.L., de Almeida, E.B., Barreto, R.S.S., Nogueira, P.C., Moraes, V.R.S., Oliveira, E.R.A., de Albuquerque, R.L.C., Quintans-Junior, L.J. and Araujo, A.A.S (2013) 'Bioassay-guided evaluation of Dioscorea villosa - an acute and subchronic toxicity, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory approach', BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. doi:10.1186/1472-6882-13-195 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-13-195
  5. Okawara, M. and Tokudome, Y. and Todo, H. and Sugibayashi, K. and Hashimoto, F (2013) 'Enhancement of diosgenin distribution in the skin by cyclodextrin complexation following oral administration', Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 36(1), pp. 36--40. doi:10.1248/bpb.b12-00467 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b12-00467
  6. Komesaroff, P.A., Black, C.V., Cable, V. and Sudhir, K (2001) 'Effects of wild yam extract on menopausal symptoms, lipids and sex hormones in healthy menopausal women', Climacteric, 4(2), pp. 144--150. Randomized trial
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Record last updated 2026-06-20 · Provenance: website+pubmed+symptom-tool · Status: verified

This fact sheet is generated automatically from the Omnia Sana plant database and reflects its latest synced data. It is provided for educational purposes only and is not medical advice. Always consult a qualified practitioner before using medicinal plants.

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