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Omnia Sana · Plant Monograph

Vervain

Verbena officinalis

Family VerbenaceaeParts used Aerial parts (flowering herb)Also known as Common vervain, Holy herb, Herb of the cross

This monograph compiles 3 documented constituents, 7 pharmacological actions, 13 traditional / indicated uses, supported by 13 cited sources, drawn directly from the Omnia Sana plant database.

Key Constituents

Iridoid glycosides (verbenalin, hastatoside)[3, 11, 12]

Characteristic constituents; verbenalin has a dopaminergic effect.

Iridoid glycosidesGlycosides
Phenylpropanoid glycosides (verbascoside/acteoside)[7, 11]

Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory constituents.

Verbascoside (acteoside)Glycosides
Flavonoids, phenolic acids and essential oil[11]

Supporting antioxidant and aromatic constituents.

Phenolic acidsEssential (volatile) oilFlavonoids

Pharmacological Actions

Analgesic (pain relief)[11]

Anti-inflammatory and analgesic

Anti-inflammatory[5, 6, 11]

Anti-inflammatory and analgesic

Anticonvulsant[11, 12, 13]

Nervine / anxiolytic for nervous tension and mild anxiety; supports sleep (traditional) - a crude extract showed anxiolytic, sedative and anticonvulsant activity in animal models

Antidepressant / mood support[1, 11]

Mild mood support / antidepressant (traditional)

Anxiolytic / calming[11, 12, 13]

Nervine / anxiolytic for nervous tension and mild anxiety; supports sleep (traditional) - a crude extract showed anxiolytic, sedative and anticonvulsant activity in animal models

Digestive aid[12]

Digestive bitter and relief of mild mental stress

Sedative / sleep support[10, 11, 12, 13]

Nervine / anxiolytic for nervous tension and mild anxiety; supports sleep (traditional) - a crude extract showed anxiolytic, sedative and anticonvulsant activity in animal models

Traditional & Indicated Uses

Anxiety[11, 12, 13]Traditional · 2/10

Nervine / anxiolytic for nervous tension and mild anxiety; supports sleep (traditional) - a crude extract showed anxiolytic, sedative and anticonvulsant activity in animal models

more plants for anxiety →detailed sources →
Arthritis / joint pain[11]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

more plants for arthritis / joint pain →detailed sources →
Back pain[11]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from analgesic action

more plants for back pain →detailed sources →
Bloating[12]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from digestive action

more plants for bloating →detailed sources →
Low mood / depression[1, 11]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from antidepressant action

more plants for low mood / depression →detailed sources →
Headache[11]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from analgesic action

more plants for headache →detailed sources →
Indigestion[12]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from digestive action

more plants for indigestion →detailed sources →
Inflammation (general)[5, 11]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

more plants for inflammation (general) →detailed sources →
Insomnia / sleeplessness[11, 12, 13]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from sedative action

more plants for insomnia / sleeplessness →detailed sources →
Nervous tension[11, 12, 13]Traditional · 2/10

Nervine / anxiolytic for nervous tension and mild anxiety; supports sleep (traditional) - a crude extract showed anxiolytic, sedative and anticonvulsant activity in animal models

more plants for nervous tension →detailed sources →
Pain (general)[11]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from analgesic action

more plants for pain (general) →detailed sources →
Skin irritation[11]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

more plants for skin irritation →detailed sources →
Stress[12]Traditional · 1/10

Digestive bitter and relief of mild mental stress

more plants for stress →detailed sources →

Safety, Cautions & Contraindications

Safety note[11, 12]Caution

Generally well tolerated in traditional use. Avoid during pregnancy - vervain has a traditional uterine-stimulant (oxytocic) reputation linked to verbenalin.

Safety note[12]Info

May add to the effect of sedatives; use in breastfeeding is not recommended in the absence of data.

References

REF-1358, REF-1359, REF-1360, REF-1361, REF-1362, REF-1363, REF-1364, REF-1365, REF-1366, REF-1367

References & Sources

  1. Bekara, A., Amazouz, A. and Douma, T.B (2020) 'Evaluating the Antidepressant Effect of Verbena officinalis L. (Vervain) Aqueous Extract in Adult Rats', Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, 11(1), pp. 91-98. doi:10.32598/bcn.11.1.3 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.32598/bcn.11.1.3
  2. Rodrigues Oliveira, S.M., Dias, E., Girol, A.P., Silva, H. and others (2022) 'Exercise Training and Verbena officinalis L. Affect Pre-Clinical and Histological Parameters', Plants, 11(22), pp. 3115. doi:10.3390/plants11223115 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11223115
  3. Dong, J., Du, C., Xu, C., Wang, Q. and others (2023) 'Verbenalin attenuates hepatic damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in alcohol-associated steatohepatitis by regulating MDMX/PPARalpha-mediated ferroptosis', Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 307, pp. 116227. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2023.116227 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2023.116227
  4. Nisar, R., Adhikary, S., Ahmad, S. and Alam, M.A (2022) 'In Vitro Antimelanoma Properties of Verbena officinalis Fractions', Molecules, 27(19), pp. 6329. doi:10.3390/molecules27196329 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27196329
  5. Dai, X., Zhou, X., Shao, R., Zhao, R. and others (2023) 'Bioactive Constituents of Verbena officinalis Alleviate Inflammation and Enhance Killing Efficiency of Natural Killer Cells', International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(8), pp. 7144. doi:10.3390/ijms24087144 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087144
  6. Zhang, W., Zhang, P., Xu, L.H., Gao, K. and others (2023) 'Ethanol extract of Verbena officinalis alleviates MCAO-induced ischaemic stroke by inhibiting IL17A pathway-regulated neuroinflammation', Phytomedicine, 123, pp. 155237. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155237 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155237
  7. Kubica, P., Szopa, A. and Ekiert, H (2017) 'Production of verbascoside and phenolic acids in biomass of Verbena officinalis L. (vervain) cultured under different in vitro conditions', Natural Product Research, 31(14), pp. 1663-1668. doi:10.1080/14786419.2017.1286477 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2017.1286477
  8. Yang, J.Y., Guo, C.S., Su, L., Xu, C.X. and others (2023) 'Four undescribed triterpenes from the aerial parts of Verbena officinalis', Fitoterapia, 170, pp. 105670. doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105670 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105670
  9. Chen, Y., Gan, Y., Yu, J., Ye, X. and others (2023) 'Key ingredients in Verbena officinalis and determination of their anti-atherosclerotic effect using a computer-aided drug design approach', Frontiers in Plant Science, 14, pp. 1154266. doi:10.3389/fpls.2023.1154266 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1154266
  10. Peng, S., Li, F., Yu, K., Zhou, F. and others (2022) 'Integrating transcriptome and chemical analyses to reveal the anti-Alzheimer's disease components in Verbena officinalis Linn', Frontiers in Plant Science, 13, pp. 955075. doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.955075 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.955075
  11. (2020) 'Verbena officinalis (Common Vervain) - A Review on the Investigations of This Medicinally Important Plant Species', Planta Medica. doi:10.1055/a-1232-5758 Traditional / reference
    https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1232-5758
  12. European Medicines Agency (HMPC) (n.d.) 'European Union herbal monograph on Verbena officinalis L., herba (Verbenae herba)'. Available at: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/herbal/verbenae-herba Traditional / reference
    https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/herbal/verbenae-herba
  13. Khan, A.W., Khan, A.U. and Ahmed, T (2016) 'Anticonvulsant, Anxiolytic, and Sedative Activities of Verbena officinalis', Frontiers in Pharmacology. doi:10.3389/fphar.2016.00499 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2016.00499

Record last updated 2026-06-20 · Provenance: website+pubmed+symptom-tool · Status: verified

This fact sheet is generated automatically from the Omnia Sana plant database and reflects its latest synced data. It is provided for educational purposes only and is not medical advice. Always consult a qualified practitioner before using medicinal plants.

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Generated June 22, 2026 from omniasana.bio