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Omnia Sana · Plant Monograph

Greater Celandine

Chelidonium majus

Family PapaveraceaeParts used Aerial parts (and fresh orange latex)Also known as Tetterwort, Swallowwort, Nipplewort

This monograph compiles 3 documented constituents, 5 pharmacological actions, 14 traditional / indicated uses, supported by 14 cited sources, drawn directly from the Omnia Sana plant database.

Key Constituents

Isoquinoline alkaloids (chelidonine, coptisine, berberine, sanguinarine, chelerythrine)[4]

The biologically active and toxicologically important constituents.

AlkaloidsBerberine
Flavonoids and phenolic acids[4]

Antioxidant constituents.

Phenolic acidsFlavonoids
Orange latex (alkaloid-rich sap)[4]

The caustic sap used traditionally on warts.

Alkaloids

Pharmacological Actions

Analgesic (pain relief)[4]

Anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and analgesic (preclinical)

Anti-inflammatory[1, 4, 8]

Anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and analgesic (preclinical)

Antimicrobial[1, 3, 4, 10]

Anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and analgesic (preclinical)

Antispasmodic[4]

Antispasmodic / choleretic bitter for upper-abdominal and biliary dyspepsia (indigestion, bloating, cramping) - oral use now restricted for safety

Choleretic / cholagogue (bile flow)[4]

Antispasmodic / choleretic bitter for upper-abdominal and biliary dyspepsia (indigestion, bloating, cramping) - oral use now restricted for safety

Traditional & Indicated Uses

Arthritis / joint pain[4]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

more plants for arthritis / joint pain →detailed sources →
Back pain[4]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from analgesic action

more plants for back pain →detailed sources →
Bloating[4]Traditional · 1/10

Antispasmodic / choleretic bitter for upper-abdominal and biliary dyspepsia (indigestion, bloating, cramping) - oral use now restricted for safety

more plants for bloating →detailed sources →
Headache[4]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from analgesic action

more plants for headache →detailed sources →
Indigestion[4]Traditional · 1/10

Antispasmodic / choleretic bitter for upper-abdominal and biliary dyspepsia (indigestion, bloating, cramping) - oral use now restricted for safety

more plants for indigestion →detailed sources →
Infection (general)[4]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from antimicrobial action

more plants for infection (general) →detailed sources →
Inflammation (general)[4]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

more plants for inflammation (general) →detailed sources →
Liver support[4]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from choleretic action

more plants for liver support →detailed sources →
Menstrual cramps[4]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from antispasmodic action

more plants for menstrual cramps →detailed sources →
Muscle spasm[4]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from antispasmodic action

more plants for muscle spasm →detailed sources →
Pain (general)[4]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from analgesic action

more plants for pain (general) →detailed sources →
Skin irritation[4]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

more plants for skin irritation →detailed sources →
Warts[4]Traditional · 1/10

Fresh orange latex traditionally dabbed on warts

more plants for warts →detailed sources →
Wounds[4]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from antimicrobial action

more plants for wounds →detailed sources →

Safety, Cautions & Contraindications

Safety note[13, 14]Serious

SERIOUS: oral greater celandine can cause acute idiosyncratic liver injury (hepatocellular hepatotoxicity with jaundice). Multiple reported cases - dozens of herb-induced liver injury reports in the literature, with continuing recent case reports - led regulators to restrict or suspend oral products. Do not take internally if you have any liver disease, and stop immediately and seek care at any sign of liver problems (jaundice, dark urine, upper-abdominal pain).

Safety note[4, 13]Caution

Avoid in pregnancy and breastfeeding. The fresh orange latex is irritant and caustic - keep it away from the eyes and broken skin.

References

REF-0770, REF-0771, REF-0772, REF-0460, REF-2264, REF-2265, REF-2266, REF-2267, REF-2268, REF-2269, REF-2270, REF-2271

References & Sources

  1. Li, X.L., Sun, Y.P., Wang, M., Wang, Z.B. and Kuang, H.X (2024) 'Alkaloids in Chelidonium majus L.: a review of its phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology', Frontiers in Pharmacology, 15, pp. 1440979. doi:10.3389/fphar.2024.1440979 Traditional / reference
    https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2024.1440979
  2. Koriem, K.M.M., Arbid, M.S. and Asaad, G.F (2012) 'Chelidonium majus leaves methanol extract and its chelidonine alkaloid ingredient reduce cadmium-induced nephrotoxicity in rats', Journal of Natural Medicines, 67(1), pp. 159-167. doi:10.1007/s11418-012-0667-6 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11418-012-0667-6
  3. Nawrot, R (2017) 'Defense-related Proteins from Chelidonium majus L. as Important Components of its Latex', Current Protein & Peptide Science, 18(8), pp. 864-880. doi:10.2174/1389203718666170406124013 Traditional / reference
    https://doi.org/10.2174/1389203718666170406124013
  4. Gilca, M., Gaman, L., Panait, E., Stoian, I. and Atanasiu, V (2010) 'Chelidonium majus - an integrative review: traditional knowledge versus modern findings', Forschende Komplementarmedizin. doi:10.1159/000321397 Traditional / reference
    https://doi.org/10.1159/000321397
  5. Popovic, A., Deljanin, M., Popovic, S., Todorovic, D., Djurdjevic, P., Matic, S., Stankovic, M., Avramovic, D. and Baskic, D (2021) 'Chelidonium majus crude extract induces activation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and enhances their cytotoxic effect toward HeLa cells', International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 32(7), pp. 1554-1566. doi:10.1080/09603123.2021.1897534 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1080/09603123.2021.1897534
  6. Shen, L., Lee, S.A., Joo, J.C., Hong, E., Cui, Z.Y., Jo, E., Park, S.J. and Jang, H.J (2022) 'Chelidonium majus induces apoptosis of human ovarian cancer cells via ATF3-mediated regulation of Foxo3a by Tip60', Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 32(4), pp. 493-503. doi:10.4014/jmb.2109.09030 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.2109.09030
  7. Deljanin, M., Nikolic, M., Baskic, D., Todorovic, D., Djurdjevic, P., Zaric, M., Stankovic, M., Todorovic, M., Avramovic, D. and Popovic, S (2016) 'Chelidonium majus crude extract inhibits migration and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in tumor cell lines', Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 190, pp. 362-371. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2016.06.056 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2016.06.056
  8. Warowicka, A., Qasem, B., Dera-Szymanowska, A., Wolun-Cholewa, M., Florczak, P., Horst, N., Napierala, M., Szymanowski, K., Popenda, L., Bartkowiak, G., Florek, E., Gozdzicka-Jozefiak, A. and Mlynarz, P (2021) 'Effect of protoberberine-rich fraction of Chelidonium majus L. on endometriosis regression', Pharmaceutics, 13(7), pp. 931. doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics13070931 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13070931
  9. Kadan, G., Gozler, T. and Hesse, M (1992) '(+)-Norchelidonine from Chelidonium majus', Planta Medica, 58(5), pp. 477. doi:10.1055/s-2006-961523 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-961523
  10. Musidlak, O., Warowicka, A., Broniarczyk, J., Adamczyk, D., Gozdzicka-Jozefiak, A. and Nawrot, R (2022) 'The activity of Chelidonium majus L. latex and its components on HPV reveal insights into the antiviral molecular mechanism', International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(16), pp. 9241. doi:10.3390/ijms23169241 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23169241
  11. Zhang, W., You, C., Wang, C., Fan, L., Wang, Y., Su, Y., Deng, Z. and Du, S (2014) 'One new alkaloid from Chelidonium majus L', Natural Product Research, 28(21), pp. 1873-1878. doi:10.1080/14786419.2014.953497 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2014.953497
  12. Capistrano I, R., Wouters, A., Lardon, F., Gravekamp, C., Apers, S. and Pieters, L (2015) 'In vitro and in vivo investigations on the antitumour activity of Chelidonium majus', Phytomedicine, 22(14), pp. 1279-1287. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2015.10.013 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2015.10.013
  13. Teschke, R., Frenzel, C., Glass, X., Schulze, J. and Eickhoff, A (2012) 'Greater Celandine hepatotoxicity: a clinical review', Annals of Hepatology. Clinical study
    Find this source
  14. Ciornolutchii, V., Ismaiel, A., Sabo, C.M., Al Hajjar, N., Seicean, A. and Dumitrascu, D.L (2024) 'A Hidden Cause of Hypertransaminasemia: Liver Toxicity Caused by Chelidonium Majus L. Report of Two Cases of Herb-Induced Liver Injury and Literature Review', American Journal of Therapeutics, 31(4), pp. e382--e387. doi:10.1097/MJT.0000000000001708 Clinical study
    https://doi.org/10.1097/MJT.0000000000001708

Record last updated 2026-06-20 · Provenance: website+pubmed+symptom-tool · Status: needs-review

This fact sheet is generated automatically from the Omnia Sana plant database and reflects its latest synced data. It is provided for educational purposes only and is not medical advice. Always consult a qualified practitioner before using medicinal plants.

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