Plant Comparison

White Dead Nettle vs Blackberry Leaf

A side-by-side comparison of two medicinal plants — every documented constituent, action, use, safety note and cited source, assembled automatically from the Omnia Sana database.

First plant
Second plant
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Plant AWhite Dead NettleLamium albumLamiaceaeFull monograph →
Plant BBlackberry LeafRubus fruticosusRosaceaeFull monograph →

At a glance

White Dead Nettle and Blackberry Leaf: they share 5 indicated uses (arthritis / joint pain, diarrhoea, inflammation (general), …); 3 pharmacological actions in common.

White Dead NettleBlackberry Leaf
Constituents33
Pharmacological actions56
Indicated uses99
Safety notes42
Cited sources269
Indicated uses
Only White Dead Nettle
BronchitisBruisingCoughRespiratory support
Shared (5)
Arthritis / joint painDiarrhoeaInflammation (general)Skin irritationWounds
Only Blackberry Leaf
Cancer (anticancer research)Infection (general)Oral & throat healthSore throat
Pharmacological actions
Only White Dead Nettle
ExpectorantVulnerary (wound healing)
Shared (3)
Anti-inflammatoryAntioxidantAstringent
Only Blackberry Leaf
Anticancer (preclinical)AntidiarrhoealAntimicrobial

Evidence face-off — shared uses

ConditionWhite Dead NettleBlackberry LeafVerdict
Arthritis / joint pain2/102/10Comparable evidence
Diarrhoea2/102/10Comparable evidence
Inflammation (general)2/102/10Comparable evidence
Skin irritation2/102/10Comparable evidence
Wounds1/102/10Comparable evidence

Evidence scores (1–10) are computed from the tier of each cited source. “Comparable” means the two scores are within one point. Follow a score to its detailed sources.

Key Constituents

Phenylpropanoid and flavonoid glycosides[13]

Verbascoside, tiliroside and quercetin/kaempferol 3-O-glucosides in the flowers.

Verbascoside (acteoside)GlycosidesKaempferolFlavonoidsQuercetin
Iridoid glycosides[14]

Lamalbid, alboside A and B and caryoptoside; linked to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.

Iridoid glycosidesGlycosides
Standardisation markers (Lamii albi flos)[15]

Lamalbid, chlorogenic acid, verbascoside, rutin and tiliroside, richest in the flowering tops.

Chlorogenic acidVerbascoside (acteoside)Rutin
Tannins (gallotannins and ellagitannins)[8, 9]

The astringent principles of the leaf.

Tannins
Flavonoids and phenolic acids (including gallic acid)[9]

Antioxidant and antibacterial constituents.

Phenolic acidsGallic acidFlavonoids
Vitamin C and minerals (iron)[8]

Minor nutritive constituents of the leaf.

Pharmacological Actions

Anti-inflammatory[1, 2, 6, 14, 15, 16, 17]

Astringent and anti-inflammatory infusion or tincture (flowering tops)

Parts: Flower, Aerial parts
Antioxidant[4, 13, 14]
Parts: Flower
Astringent[7, 15, 16, 17]

Astringent (catarrh, excessive menstrual or vaginal discharge); Astringent and anti-inflammatory infusion or tincture (flowering tops)

Parts: Flower, Aerial parts
Expectorant[8, 16, 18]
Parts: Flower
Vulnerary (wound healing)[11, 16, 17]

Vulnerary (minor wounds), applied topically

Parts: Leaf
Anti-inflammatory[4, 6, 7, 8]

Anti-inflammatory gargle / mouthwash for sore throat and oral mucosa inflammation

Anticancer (preclinical)[6]
Antidiarrhoeal[5, 8, 9]

Astringent for mild diarrhoea (tannins tighten the gut lining and reduce excess secretion)

Antimicrobial[5, 6, 9]
Antioxidant[4, 5, 6, 9]
Astringent[8, 9]

Astringent for mild diarrhoea (tannins tighten the gut lining and reduce excess secretion)

Traditional & Indicated Uses

Arthritis / joint pain[14, 15, 16, 17]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 2
Label: Arthritis / joint pain
Bronchitis[16, 18]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from expectorant action

Evidence: 1
Label: Bronchitis
Bruising[16, 17]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from vulnerary action

Evidence: 1
Label: Bruising
Cough[16, 17]Traditional · 1/10

Astringent (catarrh, excessive menstrual or vaginal discharge)

Evidence: 1
Label: Cough
Diarrhoea[15, 16, 17]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from astringent action

Evidence: 2
Label: Diarrhoea
Inflammation (general)[14, 15, 16, 17]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 2
Label: Inflammation (general)
Respiratory support[16, 18]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from expectorant action

Evidence: 1
Label: Respiratory support
Skin irritation[15, 16, 17]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from astringent action

Evidence: 2
Label: Skin irritation
Wounds[16, 17]Traditional · 1/10

Vulnerary (minor wounds), applied topically

Evidence: 1
Label: Wounds
Arthritis / joint pain[8]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 2
Label: Arthritis / joint pain
Cancer (anticancer research)[6]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from anticancer action

Evidence: 2
Label: Cancer (anticancer research)
Diarrhoea[8, 9]Traditional · 2/10

Astringent for mild diarrhoea (tannins tighten the gut lining and reduce excess secretion)

Evidence: 2
Label: Diarrhoea
Infection (general)[9]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from antimicrobial action

Evidence: 2
Label: Infection (general)
Inflammation (general)[8]Traditional · 2/10

Anti-inflammatory gargle / mouthwash for sore throat and oral mucosa inflammation

Evidence: 2
Label: Inflammation (general)
Oral & throat health[8]Traditional · 2/10

Anti-inflammatory gargle / mouthwash for sore throat and oral mucosa inflammation

Evidence: 2
Label: Oral & throat health
Skin irritation[8, 9]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from astringent action

Evidence: 2
Label: Skin irritation
Sore throat[8]Traditional · 2/10

Anti-inflammatory gargle / mouthwash for sore throat and oral mucosa inflammation

Evidence: 2
Label: Sore throat
Wounds[7, 8, 9]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from astringent action

Evidence: 2
Label: Wounds

Safety, Cautions & Contraindications

Safety note[19]Info

Generally regarded as safe in culinary amounts and at normal medicinal doses; unlike the stinging nettle it has no stinging hairs.

Safety note[16, 19]Caution

Medicinal use during pregnancy or breastfeeding should be approached cautiously, as for any traditional astringent.

Safety note[17, 20]Caution

Identify correctly before foraging (resembles stinging nettle before flowering and red dead-nettle); clinical evidence is limited, so it should not replace conventional treatment.

Safety note[21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26]Info

Identification, distribution and horticultural references for Lamium album.

Safety note[8]Info

Tannin-rich: high or prolonged intake may cause stomach upset or constipation and can reduce the absorption of iron and some medicines taken at the same time.

Safety note[8]Info

Traditional use only; diarrhoea that persists (especially in children) needs medical assessment and attention to rehydration.

External Ids

Gbif: 2926683
Wikidata: Q157626
Gbif: 8436459
Wikidata: Q13541716

Botanical Description

Perennial herb closely resembling stinging nettle in leaf shape but entirely without stinging hairs. Square stems bear opposite, toothed, heart-shaped leaves, and whorls of white, hooded, two-lipped flowers cluster in the upper leaf axils.[15]

Height: 20-60 cm
Habit: Erect, clump-forming perennial herb
Leaves: Opposite, toothed, heart-shaped, resembling stinging nettle but without stinging hairs
Flowers: White, hooded, two-lipped, in dense whorls in the upper leaf axils
Stem: Square (typical of the mint family), unarmed (no stinging hairs)
Root: Creeping rhizome
Fruit: Small nutlet (typical of Lamiaceae)
Flowering Period: March-November (almost year-round in mild climates)

Scrambling, thorny deciduous shrub (Rosaceae) forming dense thickets, with arching prickly stems that root at the tip. Leaves are palmately compound, usually with 3-5 toothed leaflets. White to pale pink, five-petalled flowers are followed by clusters of small drupelets forming the blackberry fruit, ripening from red to glossy black.[8]

Height: Scrambling/arching canes, typically 1-3 m
Habit: Scrambling, thorny, thicket-forming shrub
Leaves: Palmately compound, usually 3-5 toothed leaflets
Flowers: White to pale pink, five-petalled
Stem: Arching, prickly, rooting at the tip
Root: Woody perennial root system
Fruit: Cluster of drupelets, ripening red to glossy black
Flowering Period: June-August

Habitat

Grows in hedgerows, waste ground, gardens and roadsides on nitrogen-rich soils; native to Europe and temperate Asia, widely naturalised elsewhere.

Native throughout Europe and widely naturalised elsewhere, an aggressive coloniser of hedgerows, woodland edges, scrub and waste ground. 'Rubus fruticosus' is a taxonomically complex aggregate comprising hundreds of closely related microspecies.[8]

Harvesting

The flowering tops are picked as they open, largely through spring to autumn given the long flowering season, and dried in a warm, shaded, airy place; the standardisation markers are richest in the flowering tops specifically.[15]

Parts: Flower, Leaf, Aerial parts
Season: Spring through autumn, as flowers open

Leaves are picked fresh throughout the growing season and dried for tea; berries are picked in late summer once fully ripe.[8]

Parts: Leaf
Season: Leaf throughout the growing season

Traditional Uses

White dead-nettle flower has a long European folk history as an astringent remedy for catarrh and excessive menstrual or vaginal discharge, and topically as a vulnerary wash for minor wounds; the young leaves and shoots have also traditionally been eaten as a cooked spring pot-herb.

Blackberry leaf has a long European folk-medicine tradition as an astringent gargle for sore throat and mouth ulcers, and as a remedy for mild diarrhoea, reflecting its high tannin content; the berries themselves are valued as a nutritious, antioxidant-rich food.[8]

References

REF-1746, REF-1747, REF-1748, REF-1749, REF-1750, REF-1751, REF-1752, REF-1753, REF-1754, REF-1755, REF-1756, REF-1757
REF-0713, REF-0714, REF-0715, REF-2548, REF-2549, REF-2550, REF-2551

Lookalikes Review

Outcome: none-known
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07
Outcome: none-known
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07

Preparations

Not documented

Infusion (tea)[8]

Dried leaf steeped in hot water, taken internally or used as a gargle/mouthwash.

Gargle/mouthwash[8]

A stronger leaf infusion used topically for sore throat and mouth irritation.

Dosage

Not documented

Infusion (tea)[8]

Traditional guidance suggests roughly 2-4 g dried leaf per cup as an infusion, up to three times daily, or used as a gargle at similar strength. Educational reference only, not a prescription.

References & Sources

  1. Czerwinska, M.E., Swierczewska, A., Wozniak, M. and Kiss, A.K (2017) 'Bioassay-Guided Isolation of Iridoids and Phenylpropanoids from Aerial Parts of Lamium album and Their Anti-inflammatory Activity in Human Neutrophils', Planta Medica, 83(12-13), pp. 1011-1019. doi:10.1055/s-0043-107031 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-107031
  2. Czerwinska, M.E., Swierczewska, A. and Granica, S (2018) 'Bioactive Constituents of Lamium album L. as Inhibitors of Cytokine Secretion in Human Neutrophils', Molecules, 23(11), pp. 2770. doi:10.3390/molecules23112770 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23112770
  3. Czerwinska, M.E., Kalinowska, E., Popowski, D. and Bazylko, A (2020) 'Lamalbid, Chlorogenic Acid, and Verbascoside as Tools for Standardization of Lamium album Flowers - Development and Validation of HPLC-DAD Method', Molecules, 25(7), pp. 1721. doi:10.3390/molecules25071721 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25071721
  4. Sulborska, A., Konarska, A., Matysik-Wozniak, A., Dmitruk, M., Weryszko-Chmielewska, E., Skalska-Kaminska, A. and Rejdak, R (2020) 'Phenolic Constituents of Lamium album L. subsp. album Flowers: Anatomical, Histochemical, and Phytochemical Study', Molecules, 25(24), pp. 6025. doi:10.3390/molecules25246025 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25246025
  5. Konarska, A., Weryszko-Chmielewska, E., Matysik-Wozniak, A., Sulborska, A., Polak, B., Dmitruk, M., Piotrowska-Weryszko, K., Stefanczyk, B. and Rejdak, R (2021) 'Histochemical and Phytochemical Analysis of Lamium album subsp. album L. Corolla: Essential Oil, Triterpenes, and Iridoids', Molecules, 26(14), pp. 4166. doi:10.3390/molecules26144166 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26144166
  6. Khanaki, K., Fekri, A., Abedinzade, M., Mohammadi, E. and Aghajanpour, F (2022) 'Potential anti-inflammatory effect of Lamium album extract through caspase-3 and cyclooxygenase-2 genes expression in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion', Folia Medica, 64(2), pp. 275-282. doi:10.3897/folmed.64.e60562 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3897/folmed.64.e60562
  7. Bubueanu, C., Iuksel, R. and Panteli, M (2019) 'Haemostatic activity of butanolic extracts of Lamium album and Lamium purpureum aerial parts', Acta Pharmaceutica, 69(3), pp. 443-449. doi:10.2478/acph-2019-0026 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.2478/acph-2019-0026
  8. Arefani, S., Mehran, S.M.M., Moladoust, H., Norasfard, M.R., Ghorbani, A. and Abedinzade, M (2018) 'Effects of standardized extracts of Lamium album and Urtica dioica on rat tracheal smooth muscle contraction', Journal of Pharmacopuncture, 21(2), pp. 70-75. doi:10.3831/KPI.2018.21.008 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3831/KPI.2018.21.008
  9. Zhang, H., Rothwangl, K., Mesecar, A.D., Sabahi, A., Rong, L. and Fong, H.H.S (2009) 'Lamiridosins, hepatitis C virus entry inhibitors from Lamium album', Journal of Natural Products, 72(12), pp. 2158-2162. doi:10.1021/np900549e Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1021/np900549e
  10. Chipeva, V.A., Petrova, D.C., Geneva, M.E., Dimitrova, M.A., Moncheva, P.A. and Kapchina-Toteva, V.M (2013) 'Antimicrobial activity of extracts from in vivo and in vitro propagated Lamium album L. plants', African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 10(6), pp. 559-562. doi:10.4314/ajtcam.v10i6.30 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.4314/ajtcam.v10i6.30
  11. Paduch, R. and Wozniak, A (2015) 'The Effect of Lamium album Extract on Cultivated Human Corneal Epithelial Cells (10.014 pRSV-T)', Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research, 10(3), pp. 229-237. doi:10.4103/2008-322X.170349 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.4103/2008-322X.170349
  12. Abedinzade, M., Rostampour, M., Mirzajani, E., Khalesi, Z.B., Pourmirzaee, T. and Khanaki, K (2019) 'Urtica Dioica and Lamium Album Decrease Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 beta and Increase K-Ras in Diabetic Rats', Journal of Pharmacopuncture, 22(4), pp. 248-252. doi:10.3831/KPI.2019.22.033 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3831/KPI.2019.22.033
  13. Budzianowski, J. and Skrzypczak, L (1995) 'Phenylpropanoid esters from Lamium album flowers', 38(4), pp. 997--1001. doi:10.1016/0031-9422(94)00727-B Traditional / reference
    https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(94)00727-B
  14. Damtoft, S (1992) 'Iridoid glucosides from Lamium album', 31(1), pp. 175--178. doi:10.1016/0031-9422(91)83030-O Traditional / reference
    https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)83030-O
  15. Pietrzak, W. and Nowak, R (2020) 'Lamalbid, Chlorogenic Acid, and Verbascoside as Tools for Standardization of Lamium album Flowers - Development and Validation of HPLC-DAD Method', 25(8). doi:10.3390/molecules25081913 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25081913
  16. Grieve, M (1931). Available at: https://botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/n/netwhd11.html Traditional / reference
    https://botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/n/netwhd11.html
  17. Herbal Reality (n.d.) 'White Deadnettle (Lamium album): Benefits, Uses, Safety'. Available at: https://www.herbalreality.com/herb/white-deadnettle/ Traditional / reference
    https://www.herbalreality.com/herb/white-deadnettle/
  18. Ask-Ayurveda (n.d.) 'Lamium album (White Dead-Nettle) in Ayurveda - Benefits, Uses, Medicinal Properties & Healing Applications'. Available at: https://ask-ayurveda.com/wiki/article/4805-lamium-album Traditional / reference
    https://ask-ayurveda.com/wiki/article/4805-lamium-album
  19. Francis-Baker, T (2021), pp. 48. Traditional / reference
    https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Francis-Baker%2C%20T
  20. First Nature (n.d.) 'Lamium album, White Dead-nettle: identification, distribution, habitat'. Available at: https://www.first-nature.com/flowers/lamium-album.php Traditional / reference
    https://www.first-nature.com/flowers/lamium-album.php
  21. Ballyrobert Gardens (n.d.) 'Lamium album'. Available at: https://www.ballyrobertgardens.com/products/lamium-album Traditional / reference
    https://www.ballyrobertgardens.com/products/lamium-album
  22. Botanical Society of Scotland (2022) 'Plant of the Week - 17 January 2022: the White Dead-nettle (Lamium album)'. Available at: https://botsocscot.wordpress.com/2022/01/16/plant-of-the-week-january-17th-2022-the-white-dead-nettle-lamium-album/ Traditional / reference
    https://botsocscot.wordpress.com/2022/01/16/plant-of-the-week-january-17th-2022-the-white-dead-nettle-lamium-album/
  23. Gardeners' World (2024) 'World (2024)'. Available at: https://www.gardenersworld.com/plants/dead-nettles/ Traditional / reference
    https://www.gardenersworld.com/plants/dead-nettles/
  24. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (n.d.) 'Lamium album L'. Available at: https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:448792-1 Traditional / reference
    https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:448792-1
  25. Royal Horticultural Society (n.d.) 'Lamium album (white deadnettle)'. Available at: https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/9810/lamium-album/details Traditional / reference
    https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/9810/lamium-album/details
  26. The Wildlife Trusts (n.d.) 'White dead-nettle'. Available at: https://www.wildlifetrusts.org/wildlife-explorer/wildflowers/white-dead-nettle Traditional / reference
    https://www.wildlifetrusts.org/wildlife-explorer/wildflowers/white-dead-nettle
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Generated automatically from the Omnia Sana plant database and its cited sources. For educational purposes only — not medical advice. Always consult a qualified practitioner before using medicinal plants.