Plant Comparison

Dropwort vs Japanese Rose

A side-by-side comparison of two medicinal plants — every documented constituent, action, use, safety note and cited source, assembled automatically from the Omnia Sana database.

First plant
Second plant
Show:
Plant ADropwortFilipendula vulgarisRosaceaeFull monograph →
Plant BJapanese RoseRosa rugosaRosaceaeFull monograph →

At a glance

Dropwort and Japanese Rose: both belong to the Rosaceae family; they share 3 indicated uses (cancer (anticancer research), inflammation (general), arthritis / joint pain); 3 pharmacological actions in common.

DropwortJapanese Rose
Constituents54
Pharmacological actions114
Indicated uses147
Safety notes32
Cited sources1714
Indicated uses
Only Dropwort
Pain (general)DiarrhoeaIndigestionLiver supportWoundsInfection (general)MemoryCognitive functionAnxietyUrinary supportKidney support
Shared (3)
Cancer (anticancer research)Inflammation (general)Arthritis / joint pain
Only Japanese Rose
Cardiovascular / heart healthCold & fluImmune supportSkin irritation
Pharmacological actions
Only Dropwort
Analgesic (pain relief)Anti-rheumatic / anti-arthriticGastroprotectiveAntimicrobialHepatoprotective (liver support)AstringentNeuroprotective / cognition supportAnxiolytic / calming
Shared (3)
AntioxidantAnti-inflammatoryAnticancer (preclinical)
Only Japanese Rose
Immunomodulator / immune support

Evidence face-off — shared uses

ConditionDropwortJapanese RoseVerdict
Cancer (anticancer research)2/102/10Comparable evidence
Inflammation (general)2/107/10Stronger for Japanese Rose
Arthritis / joint pain2/107/10Stronger for Japanese Rose

Evidence scores (1–10) are computed from the tier of each cited source. “Comparable” means the two scores are within one point. Follow a score to its detailed sources.

Key Constituents

Flavonol glycosides[1, 4]

Flavonol glycosides including spiraeoside (quercetin 4'-O-glucoside), hyperoside, rutin and kaempferol derivatives - the signature Filipendula flavonoids.

FlavonoidsQuercetinKaempferolRutinGlycosides
Hydrolysable tannins[1, 7]

Ellagitannins and gallotannins (astringent constituents), giving the traditional astringent/antidiarrhoeal action.

TanninsGallic acidEllagic acidPhenolic compounds
Phenolic acids[1, 8]

Gallic, caffeic, chlorogenic and ferulic acids; antioxidant.

Phenolic acidsGallic acidCaffeic acidChlorogenic acidFerulic acid
Condensed tannins / proanthocyanidins[6]

Catechin-based condensed tannins.

ProanthocyanidinsCatechinsTannins
Salicylate essential oil[3, 10]

Flower volatile oil dominated by salicylaldehyde, with methyl salicylate - the salicylate character shared with meadowsweet and willow, underlying the anti-inflammatory/analgesic and antimicrobial effects.

Essential (volatile) oilPhenolic compounds
Flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol glycosides)[2]

The dominant bioactive class, driving much of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.

FlavonoidsQuercetinKaempferol
Polysaccharides[1]

Studied for immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective and gut-microbiota-modulating effects.

Polysaccharides
Vitamin C and carotenoids (hips)[2]

Concentrated in the hips, underpinning their traditional food-tonic use.

Carotenoids
Oleamide and other root compounds[8]

Isolated from the root and studied for antioxidant/neuroprotective activity.

Pharmacological Actions

Antioxidant[1, 4, 6, 7, 9, 16]
Anti-inflammatory[1, 2, 3]
Analgesic (pain relief)[3]

Antihyperalgesic in a rat inflammatory-pain model (salicylate-mediated).

Anti-rheumatic / anti-arthritic[2, 3]

Traditional use for rheumatic/arthritic pain, consistent with salicylate content and analgesic/anti-inflammatory activity.

Gastroprotective[2]
Antimicrobial[6, 9, 10]
Hepatoprotective (liver support)[5]

Protective against carbon-tetrachloride liver injury in rats.

Astringent[1, 7]

Hydrolysable-tannin astringency underlying traditional antidiarrhoeal and wound/gargle use.

Neuroprotective / cognition support[8, 12, 13, 14]

Nootropic and brain-bioenergetic effects in animal models (Russian traditional nervous-system use).

Anxiolytic / calming[15]
Anticancer (preclinical)[11]

Dropwort extract restrained the YAP/TAZ/TEAD oncogenic axis in mesothelioma (preclinical).

Anti-inflammatory[1, 2, 7, 11, 12, 13]
Anticancer (preclinical)[6, 10]
Antioxidant[1, 2, 5, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13]
Immunomodulator / immune support[6, 9, 11, 12, 13]

Traditional & Indicated Uses

Cancer (anticancer research)[11]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from anticancer action

Evidence: 2
Label: Cancer (anticancer research)
Inflammation (general)[1, 2]Traditional · 2/10
Evidence: 2
Label: Inflammation (general)
Pain (general)[3]Traditional · 2/10

Antihyperalgesic activity.

Evidence: 2
Label: Pain (general)
Arthritis / joint pain[3]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from anti-rheumatic / analgesic action (salicylates)

Evidence: 2
Label: Arthritis / joint pain
Diarrhoea[2, 7]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from astringent (tannin) action and traditional use

Evidence: 2
Label: Diarrhoea
Indigestion[2]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from gastroprotective action

Evidence: 2
Label: Indigestion
Liver support[5]Traditional · 2/10

Hepatoprotective in animal models.

Evidence: 2
Label: Liver support
Wounds[6, 10]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from astringent/antimicrobial action and traditional wound-wash use

Evidence: 2
Label: Wounds
Infection (general)[9, 10]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from antimicrobial action

Evidence: 2
Label: Infection (general)
Memory[12, 13]Traditional · 2/10

Nootropic (cognition-enhancing) activity in animals.

Evidence: 2
Label: Memory
Cognitive function[12, 14]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from nootropic/neuroprotective action

Evidence: 2
Label: Cognitive function
Anxiety[15]Traditional · 2/10

Anxiolytic in experimental models.

Evidence: 2
Label: Anxiety
Urinary support[2]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from traditional kidney/bladder 'gravel' use

Evidence: 2
Label: Urinary support
Kidney support[2]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from traditional urinary/gravel use

Evidence: 2
Label: Kidney support
Arthritis / joint pain[11, 12, 13]Good · 7/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 7
Label: Arthritis / joint pain
Cancer (anticancer research)[6, 10]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from anticancer action

Evidence: 2
Label: Cancer (anticancer research)
Cardiovascular / heart health[4, 11, 12, 13]Good · 7/10
Evidence: 7
Label: Cardiovascular / heart health
Cold & flu[11, 12, 13]Good · 7/10

inferred from immunomodulator action

Evidence: 7
Label: Cold & flu
Immune support[11, 12, 13]Good · 7/10
Evidence: 7
Label: Immune support
Inflammation (general)[11, 12, 13]Good · 7/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 7
Label: Inflammation (general)
Skin irritation[3, 7, 11, 12, 13]Good · 7/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 7
Label: Skin irritation

Safety, Cautions & Contraindications

Safety note[3, 10]Caution

Dropwort contains salicylate compounds (salicylaldehyde, methyl salicylate), as in meadowsweet and willow. Avoid in salicylate or aspirin sensitivity, and use caution alongside anticoagulant or antiplatelet medicines. As with other salicylate-containing plants, avoid in children with viral illness (theoretical Reye's syndrome risk).

Safety noteCaution

Safety in pregnancy and breastfeeding has not been established; avoid medicinal doses during pregnancy and lactation.

Safety note[7, 16]Info

Generally well tolerated in traditional amounts; genotoxicity testing of dropwort extracts found them non-genotoxic and antigenotoxic (DNA-protective) at the doses studied.

Safety note[11, 12, 13]Caution

Generally safe as a food plant. Rose hips should be used after removing the achenes (seeds and inner hairs), which can cause irritation. Allergic reactions are rare. No significant drug interactions documented.

Safety note[11, 12, 13, 14]Info

Duke (2002) does not include a dedicated entry for Japanese rose (Rosa rugosa) in the Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, Second Edition.

External Ids

Gbif: 2988069
Wikidata: Q148961
Gbif: 3003979
Wikidata: Q634975

Synonyms

Filipendula hexapetala, Spiraea filipendula

Not documented

Botanical Description

Erect perennial herb of the rose family, 20-80 cm tall, growing from a short rootstock whose fibrous roots bear characteristic small tuber-like swellings (the 'drop-wort' beads). The leaves are mostly in a basal rosette and are distinctive: long, fern-like and interruptedly pinnate, with many (up to 20+ pairs) small, deeply toothed leaflets. Small creamy-white flowers, often pink-tinged in bud and 6-petalled, are borne in an irregular terminal cyme. Unlike its sibling meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria) of wet ground, dropwort grows in dry calcareous grassland.[1, 6]

Height: 20-80 cm
Habit: Erect perennial herb from a short rootstock bearing small root tubers
Leaves: Mostly a basal rosette; long, fern-like, interruptedly pinnate with many (to 20+ pairs) small, deeply toothed leaflets
Flowers: Creamy-white, often pink-tinged in bud, 6-petalled, in an irregular terminal cyme; faintly scented
Stem: Erect, slender, little-branched and nearly leafless above the basal rosette
Root: Fibrous roots bearing characteristic small tuber-like swellings ('dropwort' beads)
Fruit: A cluster of small, straight, hairy achenes
Flowering Period: May-August

Dense, thicket-forming deciduous shrub (Rosaceae), 1-1.5 m tall (occasionally to 2 m), with stems densely covered in numerous straight, bristly thorns. Leaves are pinnate with 5-9 deeply veined, glossy, leathery leaflets. Large, fragrant, deep pink to white, five-petalled flowers are followed by large, tomato-red, flattened-globose hips.[2]

Height: 1-1.5 m (occasionally to 2 m)
Habit: Dense, thicket-forming deciduous shrub
Leaves: Pinnate, 5-9 deeply veined, glossy, leathery leaflets
Flowers: Large, fragrant, deep pink to white, five-petalled
Stem: Densely covered in numerous straight, bristly thorns
Root: Woody, suckering root system
Fruit: Large, tomato-red, flattened-globose hips
Flowering Period: June-September

Habitat

Dry, unimproved calcareous (chalk and limestone) grassland, meadows, roadside banks and open scrub. Native across most of Europe, western Asia and North Africa. Unlike meadowsweet (F. ulmaria), which grows in wet meadows and beside water, dropwort is a plant of dry ground.[1]

Native to coastal eastern Asia (Japan, Korea, China, far-eastern Russia), typically growing on sand dunes and coastal scrub. Widely planted and naturalised as an ornamental and hedging shrub, notably tolerant of salt spray, wind and poor sandy soils, in temperate coastal regions worldwide.[2]

Harvesting

The flowering tops and aerial parts are gathered in summer while in flower; the fern-like leaves and the small root tubers are also used. The material is dried for infusions and decoctions.[2]

Parts: Flower, Aerial parts, Root, Leaf
Season: Aerial parts and flowers in summer (May-August); roots and tubers in autumn

Flowers/petals are picked as they open in summer; hips are picked in autumn once fully coloured and slightly softened.[2]

Parts: Flower, Fruit, Petals
Season: Flower in summer; hips in autumn

Traditional Uses

Dropwort shares much of the European folk-medicine history of its sibling meadowsweet. The salicylate- and tannin-rich herb has been used as an astringent and anti-inflammatory remedy for diarrhoea and other gastrointestinal complaints, for rheumatic and arthritic pain, for kidney and bladder 'gravel' and urinary complaints, and as a wound and mouth wash. In Serbian and Balkan ethnomedicine the flowers and roots are used; Russian traditional medicine uses dropwort extracts as a nootropic and calming remedy for the nervous system.[2, 12, 15]

Rosa rugosa has a long East Asian tradition - particularly in Traditional Chinese Medicine, where the flower is known as 'Mei Gui Hua' - as a mood-regulating, digestive and menstrual-cycle-supporting remedy, and the vitamin-C-rich hips are used as a food tonic. Modern research on its flavonoid- and polysaccharide-rich extracts supports broad antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and immunomodulatory activity.[2]

Preparations

Infusion[2]

Dried flowering tops or leaves infused as an astringent, anti-inflammatory tea for digestive and rheumatic complaints.

Decoction[2]

The root and root-tubers decocted; used traditionally for diarrhoea and urinary 'gravel'.

Aromatic distillate / essential oil[10]

The flowers yield an aromatic oil dominated by salicylaldehyde with antimicrobial activity (as in meadowsweet).

Flower tea/infusion[2]

Dried petals or flower buds steeped in hot water - the classic Traditional Chinese Medicine preparation.

Standardised extract[1, 2]

Concentrated flavonoid/polysaccharide extract used in research.

References

REF-2725, REF-2726, REF-2727, REF-2728, REF-2729, REF-2730, REF-2731, REF-2732, REF-2733, REF-2734, REF-2735, REF-2736, REF-2737, REF-2738, REF-2739, REF-2740
REF-1005, REF-1006, REF-1007, REF-1008, REF-1009, REF-1010, REF-1011, REF-1012, REF-1013, REF-1014

Drug Class Interactions

Safety note[10]Caution
Drug Class: anticoagulants-antiplatelets
Mechanism: Dropwort contains salicylates (as in meadowsweet and willow); combined with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs it may theoretically add to bleeding risk.
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-10
Safety note[3, 10]Caution
Drug Class: nsaids
Mechanism: The salicylate constituents are NSAID-like; taken with NSAIDs they could add to gastrointestinal and bleeding effects.
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-10
Safety note[11]Insufficient
Drug Class: chemotherapy-agents
Mechanism: Dropwort shows anticancer activity in preclinical models; any interaction with chemotherapy is theoretical and unstudied.
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-10

Not documented

Pairings

Sibling species: both are salicylate- and tannin-rich Rosaceae with overlapping anti-inflammatory, analgesic, astringent and gastroprotective uses (dropwort of dry grassland, meadowsweet of wet meadows); studied together in the same trials.[2, 3]

Partner Id: filipendula-ulmaria
Type: synergy
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-10

Both are salicylate-containing anti-inflammatory and analgesic herbs (the classic plant-aspirin group), traditionally combined for rheumatic pain and fever.[10]

Partner Id: salix-alba
Type: synergy
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-10

Rosaceae astringents rich in hydrolysable tannins, traditionally used for diarrhoea and as gargles; studied together for antioxidant and genotoxicity profile.[16]

Partner Id: agrimonia-eupatoria
Type: synergy
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-10

Not documented

Lookalikes Review

Outcome: has-lookalikes
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-10
Outcome: none-known
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07

Dangerous Lookalikes

Safety note[17]Fatal
Dangerous Plant: oenanthe-crocata
Confused Part: Name confusion: 'dropwort' (this plant) vs 'hemlock water-dropwort' (Oenanthe crocata).
Confusion Context: The share of the name 'dropwort' is a hazard: hemlock water-dropwort (Oenanthe crocata) is one of the deadliest plants in Europe (oenanthotoxin, violent convulsions). The two plants look nothing alike, but a forager going by common name alone could confuse them. This entry exists to make the difference unmistakable.
Distinguishing Features: Family and form: true dropwort (Filipendula vulgaris, Rosaceae) is a slender plant with a basal rosette of fern-like pinnate leaves and creamy 6-petalled flowers in a loose cyme; hemlock water-dropwort (Oenanthe crocata, Apiaceae/carrot family) is a stout hollow-stemmed plant with celery-like leaves and flat white UMBELS., Habitat: Filipendula vulgaris grows in DRY calcareous grassland; Oenanthe crocata grows in WET ground - ditches, streamsides, marshes., Root: dropwort has fibrous roots with small bead-like tubers; hemlock water-dropwort has a cluster of large pale fleshy finger-like tubers ('dead man's fingers').
Key Test: If it has flat white umbels, celery-like leaves, a hollow stem and grows in wet ground with fleshy finger-like root tubers, it is hemlock water-dropwort (deadly) - NOT dropwort. True dropwort has fern-like basal leaves, creamy 6-petalled flowers and grows in dry grassland.
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-10

Not documented

Dosage

Not documented

Flower infusion[2]

Traditional guidance suggests roughly 3-6 g dried flower per cup as an infusion, or hip tea/syrup at similar strength, taken once or twice daily. Educational reference only, not a prescription.

References & Sources

  1. Katanic, J. and Pferschy-Wenzig, E. and Mihailovic, V. and Boroja, T. and Pan, S. and Nikles, S. and Kretschmer, N. and Rosic, G. and Selakovic, D. and Joksimovic, J. and Bauer, R (2018) 'Phytochemical analysis and anti-inflammatory effects of Filipendula vulgaris Moench extracts', Food and Chemical Toxicology, 122, pp. 151-162. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.001 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.001
  2. Samardzic, S. and Arsenijevic, J. and Bozic, D. and Milenkovic, M. and Tesevic, V. and Maksimovic, Z (2018) 'Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective activity of Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim. and Filipendula vulgaris Moench', Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 213, pp. 132-137. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2017.11.013 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2017.11.013
  3. Samardzic, S. and Tomic, M. and Pecikoza, U. and Stepanovic-Petrovic, R. and Maksimovic, Z (2016) 'Antihyperalgesic activity of Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim. and Filipendula vulgaris Moench in a rat model of inflammation', Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 193, pp. 652-656. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.024 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.024
  4. Maksimovic, Z. and Petrovic, S. and Pavlovic, M. and Kovacevic, N. and Kukic, J (2007) 'Antioxidant activity of Filipendula hexapetala flowers', Fitoterapia, 78(3), pp. 265-267. doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2007.01.004 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2007.01.004
  5. Cebovic, T. and Maksimovic, Z (2011) 'Hepatoprotective effect of Filipendula hexapetala Gilib. (Rosaceae) in carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats', Phytotherapy Research, 26(7), pp. 1088-1091. doi:10.1002/ptr.3703 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.3703
  6. Katanic, J. and Mihailovic, V. and Stankovic, N. and Boroja, T. and Mladenovic, M. and Solujic, S. and Stankovic, M.S. and Vrvic, M.M (2015) 'Dropwort (Filipendula hexapetala Gilib.): potential role as antioxidant and antimicrobial agent', EXCLI Journal, 14, pp. 1-20. doi:10.17179/excli2014-479 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.17179/excli2014-479
  7. Matic, S. and Katanic, J. and Stanic, S. and Mladenovic, M. and Stankovic, N. and Mihailovic, V. and Boroja, T (2015) 'In vitro and in vivo assessment of the genotoxicity and antigenotoxicity of the Filipendula hexapetala and Filipendula ulmaria methanol extracts', Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 174, pp. 287-292. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2015.08.025 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2015.08.025
  8. Bousetla, A. and Erol, E. and Benarous, K. and Topcu, G. and Laouer, H. and Akkal, S. and Boulebd, H (2025) 'LC-HRESIMS-Guided Phytochemical Characterization and Bioactivity Evaluation of Filipendula hexapetala Gilib. From Algeria: Antioxidant and Anticholinesterase Potential', Chemistry and Biodiversity, 22(11), pp. e01270. doi:10.1002/cbdv.202501270 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.202501270
  9. Fandakli, S. and Korkmaz, B. and Faiz, O. and Kilic, G. and Erik, I. and Terzioglu, S. and Yayli, N (2021) 'Chemical Variation, Antimicrobial, Nitric Oxide Scavenging Activities and Tyrosinase Inhibition of Essential Oils and Solvent Extracts from Filipendula vulgaris Moench Growing in Turkey', Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 20(3), pp. 110-120. doi:10.22037/ijpr.2021.114302.14786 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.22037/ijpr.2021.114302.14786
  10. Radulovic, N. and Misic, M. and Aleksic, J. and Dokovic, D. and Palic, R. and Stojanovic, G (2007) 'Antimicrobial synergism and antagonism of salicylaldehyde in Filipendula vulgaris essential oil', Fitoterapia, 78(7-8), pp. 565-570. doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2007.03.022 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2007.03.022
  11. Pulito, C. and Korita, E. and Sacconi, A. and Valerio, M. and Casadei, L. and Lo Sardo, F. and Mori, F. and Ferraiuolo, M. and Grasso, G. and Maidecchi, A. and Lucci, J. and Sudol, M. and Muti, P. and Blandino, G. and Strano, S (2019) 'Dropwort-induced metabolic reprogramming restrains YAP/TAZ/TEAD oncogenic axis in mesothelioma', Journal of Experimental and Clinical Cancer Research, 38(1), pp. 349. doi:10.1186/s13046-019-1352-3 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-019-1352-3
  12. Shilova, I.V. and Suslov, N.I (2015) 'Nootropic effect of meadowsweet (Filipendula vulgaris) extracts', Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, 158(5), pp. 659-663. doi:10.1007/s10517-015-2841-9 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s10517-015-2841-9
  13. Shilova, I.V. and Suslov, N.I. and Amelchenko, V.P (2015) 'Nootropic Effects of Filipendula vulgaris Moench Water Extract Fractions', Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, 159(3), pp. 376-379. doi:10.1007/s10517-015-2967-9 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s10517-015-2967-9
  14. Vengerovsky, A.I. and Suslov, N.I. and Kaygorodsev, A.V (2011) 'Effect of meadowsweet (Filipendula vulgaris) extract on bioenergetics of the brain during experimental posthypoxic encephalopathy', Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, 151(4), pp. 421-424. doi:10.1007/s10517-011-1346-4 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s10517-011-1346-4
  15. Vengerovskii, A.I. and Suslov, N.I. and Kaigorodtsev, A.V (2011) 'Correction of experimental anxiety behavior by meadowsweet (Filipendula vulgaris) extracts', Eksperimental'naia i Klinicheskaia Farmakologiia, 74(9), pp. 3-6. Preclinical
    https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Correction%20of%20experimental%20anxiety%20behavior%20by%20meadowsweet%20%28Filipendula%20vulgaris%29%20extracts
  16. Pukalskiene, M. and Slapsyte, G. and Dedonyte, V. and Lazutka, J.R. and Mierauskiene, J. and Venskutonis, P.R (2017) 'Genotoxicity and antioxidant activity of five Agrimonia and Filipendula species plant extracts evaluated by comet and micronucleus assays in human lymphocytes and Ames Salmonella/microsome test', Food and Chemical Toxicology, 113, pp. 303-313. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2017.12.031 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2017.12.031
  17. Mitchell, M.I. and Routledge, P.A (1978) 'Hemlock water dropwort poisoning - a review', Clinical Toxicology, 12(4), pp. 417-26. doi:10.3109/15563657809150012 Clinical study
    https://doi.org/10.3109/15563657809150012
  1. Zhang, Z., Hu, W., Yu, A., Bai, M. and others (2024) 'Physicochemical properties, health benefits, and applications of the polysaccharides from Rosa rugosa Thunb.: A review', International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 282(Pt 3), pp. 136975. doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.136975 Traditional / reference
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.136975
  2. Dong, X., Li, Y., Yang, K., Zhang, L. and others (2024) 'Total flavonoids from Rosa rugosa Thunb.: A comprehensive review of its extraction and purification process, chemical composition, biological effect and applications', Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, 398(3), pp. 2343-2363. doi:10.1007/s00210-024-03504-x Traditional / reference
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-024-03504-x
  3. Kim, J., Lee, S., Park, H. and others (2024) 'Hair Growth Effect and the Mechanisms of Rosa rugosa Extract in DHT-Induced Alopecia Mice Model', International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(21), pp. 11362. doi:10.3390/ijms252111362 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252111362
  4. Baiyisaiti, A., Liu, Y., Zhang, J. and Yang, R (2019) 'Rosa rugosa flavonoids exhibited PPAR-alpha agonist-like effects on genetic severe hypertriglyceridemia of mice', Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 240, pp. 111952. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2019.111952 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2019.111952
  5. Lei, L., Zhu, Y., Gao, W., Du, X. and others (2023) 'Ethanol Extract of Rosa rugosa Ameliorates Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury via Upregulating Sirt1 and Subsequent Potentiation of LKB1/AMPK/Nrf2 Cascade in Hepatocytes', Molecules, 28(21), pp. 7307. doi:10.3390/molecules28217307 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28217307
  6. Dai, C., Zheng, X., Zhu, J., Zhang, H. and others (2025) 'Polysaccharides derived from Rosa rugosa cv. Plena ameliorate colorectal cancer by regulating intestinal microbiota composition and lipid metabolism pathway', NPJ Science of Food, 9(1), pp. 176. doi:10.1038/s41538-025-00544-2 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1038/s41538-025-00544-2
  7. Chen, M., Peng, Y., Zhu, R., Luo, X. and others (2025) 'Therapeutic potential of Rosa rugosa polysaccharide and its nanofiber membrane in psoriasis via PI3K-AKT/mTOR pathway inhibition', International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 320(Pt 2), pp. 145724. doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.145724 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.145724
  8. Park, C.K., Choi, S.J., Kim, C.R., Shin, H.R. and others (2025) 'Ethanolic Extract of Rosa rugosa Roots and Its Bioactive Compound, Oleamide, Prevented Amyloid beta-Induced Oxidative Stress and Improved Behavioral Tests in Mice', International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 26(9), pp. 4214. doi:10.3390/ijms26094214 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26094214
  9. Ashraf, S., Ashraf, M.Z., Miao, B. and Zhao, X (2025) 'Optimizing Extraction Methods for Bioactive Polysaccharides from Rosa rugosa and Rosa damascena', Foods, 14(18), pp. 3211. doi:10.3390/foods14183211 Traditional / reference
    https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14183211
  10. Liu, X., Liu, H., Zhang, Y. and others (2022) 'Rosa rugosa polysaccharide induces autophagy-mediated apoptosis in human cervical cancer cells via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway', International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 212, pp. 257-274. doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.023 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.023
  11. Chrubasik, C., Roufogalis, B.D., Müller-Ladner, U. and Chrubasik, S (2008) 'A systematic review on the Rosa canina effect and efficacy profiles', 22(6), pp. 725--733. doi:10.1002/ptr.2400 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.2400
  12. Grieve, M (1931) 'A Modern Herbal'. Traditional / reference
    https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=A%20Modern%20Herbal
  13. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (n.d.). Available at: https://powo.science.kew.org Traditional / reference
    https://powo.science.kew.org
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Generated automatically from the Omnia Sana plant database and its cited sources. For educational purposes only — not medical advice. Always consult a qualified practitioner before using medicinal plants.