Plant Comparison

Ground Elder vs Corn Silk

A side-by-side comparison of two medicinal plants — every documented constituent, action, use, safety note and cited source, assembled automatically from the Omnia Sana database.

First plant

Second plant

Plant AGround ElderAegopodium podagrariaApiaceaeFull monograph →

Plant BCorn SilkZea maysPoaceaeFull monograph →

At a glance

Ground Elder and Corn Silk: they share 6 indicated uses (arthritis / joint pain, inflammation (general), skin irritation, …); 2 pharmacological actions in common.

Ground ElderCorn Silk

Constituents33

Pharmacological actions45

Indicated uses911

Safety notes22

Cited sources1913

Indicated uses

Only Ground Elder

Back painHeadachePain (general)

Shared (6)

Arthritis / joint painInflammation (general)Skin irritationSwelling / fluid retentionUrinary supportUrinary tract infection (UTI)

Only Corn Silk

Cancer (anticancer research)CoughInfection (general)Kidney supportSore throat

Pharmacological actions

Only Ground Elder

Analgesic (pain relief)Anti-rheumatic / anti-arthritic

Shared (2)

Anti-inflammatoryDiuretic

Only Corn Silk

Anticancer (preclinical)AntioxidantDemulcent (soothing mucilage)

Evidence face-off — shared uses

Condition	Ground Elder	Corn Silk	Verdict
Arthritis / joint pain	1/10	1/10	Comparable evidence
Inflammation (general)	1/10	1/10	Comparable evidence
Skin irritation	1/10	1/10	Comparable evidence
Swelling / fluid retention	1/10	1/10	Comparable evidence
Urinary support	1/10	1/10	Comparable evidence
Urinary tract infection (UTI)	1/10	1/10	Comparable evidence

Evidence scores (1–10) are computed from the tier of each cited source. “Comparable” means the two scores are within one point. Follow a score to its detailed sources.

Key Constituents

Polyacetylenes (falcarindiol)^{[6, 10]}

Falcarindiol, a potent COX-1 inhibitor (IC50 0.3 microM), identified as a key anti-inflammatory constituent underlying the plant's traditional anti-rheumatic and analgesic use.

Flavonoids and phenolic compounds^[1]

Contribute to the plant's antioxidant activity.

FlavonoidsPhenolic compounds

Coumarins and essential oil^[1]

Minor aromatic and coumarin constituents of the aerial parts.

CoumarinsEssential (volatile) oil

Flavonoids (including maysin)^{[1, 2, 11, 12]}

Major antioxidant constituents of corn silk; maysin is the predominant flavonoid quantified in standardised extracts.

Flavonoids

Phenolic compounds^{[5, 11]}

Contribute to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.

Phenolic compounds

Potassium salts, polysaccharides and saponins^{[7, 10, 11]}

Associated with the diuretic and demulcent actions.

PolysaccharidesSaponins

Pharmacological Actions

Analgesic (pain relief)^{[11, 12, 13]}

Anti-inflammatory^{[1, 3, 6, 10, 11, 12, 13]}

Anti-rheumatic / anti-arthritic^{[1, 11, 12, 13]}

Diuretic^{[1, 11, 12, 13]}

Anti-inflammatory^{[2, 3, 4, 8, 11]}

Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory

Anticancer (preclinical)^[6]

Antioxidant^{[1, 4, 9, 11]}

Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory

Demulcent (soothing mucilage)^[11]

Soothing demulcent for urinary-tract irritation and mild urinary infections; supports kidney function

Diuretic^{[9, 11, 13]}

Traditional & Indicated Uses

Arthritis / joint pain^{[11, 12, 13]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 1

Label: Arthritis / joint pain

Back pain^{[11, 12, 13]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-rheumatic action

Evidence: 1

Label: Back pain

Headache^{[11, 12, 13]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from analgesic action

Evidence: 1

Label: Headache

Inflammation (general)^{[11, 12, 13]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 1

Label: Inflammation (general)

Pain (general)^{[11, 12, 13]}Traditional · 1/10

Evidence: 1

Label: Pain (general)

Skin irritation^{[11, 12, 13]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 1

Label: Skin irritation

Swelling / fluid retention^{[11, 12, 13]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from diuretic action

Evidence: 1

Label: Swelling / fluid retention

Urinary support^{[11, 12, 13]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from diuretic action

Evidence: 1

Label: Urinary support

Urinary tract infection (UTI)^{[11, 12, 13]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from diuretic action

Evidence: 1

Label: Urinary tract infection (UTI)

Arthritis / joint pain^[11]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 1

Label: Arthritis / joint pain

Cancer (anticancer research)^[6]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from anticancer action

Evidence: 2

Label: Cancer (anticancer research)

Cough^[11]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from demulcent action

Evidence: 1

Label: Cough

Infection (general)^[11]Traditional · 1/10

Soothing demulcent for urinary-tract irritation and mild urinary infections; supports kidney function

Evidence: 1

Label: Infection (general)

Inflammation (general)^[11]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 1

Label: Inflammation (general)

Kidney support

Evidence: 1

Label: Kidney support

Skin irritation^[11]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from demulcent action

Evidence: 1

Label: Skin irritation

Sore throat^[11]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from demulcent action

Evidence: 1

Label: Sore throat

Swelling / fluid retention^{[11, 13]}Traditional · 1/10

Evidence: 1

Label: Swelling / fluid retention

Urinary support^{[11, 13]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from diuretic action

Evidence: 1

Label: Urinary support

Urinary tract infection (UTI)^{[11, 13]}Traditional · 1/10

Diuretic - increases urine output to support the urinary tract and mild fluid retention/swelling; in conscious rats the aqueous extract is diuretic and kaliuretic and modifies glomerular filtration and potassium excretion; Soothing demulcent for urinary-tract irritation and mild urinary infections; supports kidney function

Evidence: 1

Label: Urinary tract infection (UTI)

Safety, Cautions & Contraindications

Safety note^{[9, 11, 12, 13]}Caution

Generally safe as a food plant when young leaves are harvested. Contains furocoumarins (photosensitising compounds) — handling large quantities in bright sunlight may cause skin irritation. Individuals with Apiaceae allergies should exercise caution. Not recommended in therapeutic doses during pregnancy.

Safety note^{[11, 12, 13, 14]}Info

Duke (2002) does not appear to include a dedicated entry for ground elder (Aegopodium podagraria) in the Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, Second Edition.

Safety note^[11]Caution

As a diuretic it should be taken with plenty of fluids; use caution alongside prescription diuretics or medicines that affect potassium.

Safety note^{[11, 12]}Caution

May lower blood sugar and blood pressure, so use caution with antidiabetic or antihypertensive medication; avoid concentrated medicinal doses in pregnancy - a high-dose standardised extract increased pre-implantation losses in pregnant rats (no fetal malformations were seen).

External Ids

Gbif: 3034620

Wikidata: Q217778

Gbif: 5290052

Wikidata: Q11575

Botanical Description

Vigorous, low, patch-forming perennial herb spreading rapidly by white, brittle, creeping rhizomes. The leaves are broad and twice-ternate (in threes of threes), with oval, sharply toothed leaflets, borne on long stalks. In summer it sends up hollow, grooved, unspotted green stems topped with flat umbels of small white flowers, typical of the carrot family. The whole plant smells mildly of parsley or carrot when crushed.^[1]

Height: 30-100 cm

Habit: Low, mat-forming, rhizomatous perennial herb

Leaves: Broad, twice-ternate, with oval sharply toothed leaflets in groups of three

Flowers: Small white flowers in flat compound umbels

Stem: Hollow, grooved, plain green (never purple-spotted)

Root: Thin, white, brittle, fast-spreading creeping rhizome

Fruit: Small ridged schizocarp typical of the carrot family

Flowering Period: May-July

Tall, robust annual grass with broad, strap-like leaves and a stout, jointed stem. Male flowers form a terminal tassel; female flowers develop on the ear (cob), each floret bearing a single long, silky style and stigma ('corn silk') that protrudes from the husk to catch pollen.^[11]

Height: 1.5-3 m

Habit: Tall, robust annual grass

Leaves: Broad, strap-like, alternate

Flowers: Male tassel at the top; female flowers on the ear, each with a long silky style and stigma (corn silk)

Stem: Stout, jointed, unbranched

Root: Fibrous, with prominent brace roots at the lower stem nodes

Fruit: Kernel (grain) borne on the cob; the silky stigmas and styles are the medicinal part, collected before pollination completes

Flowering Period: Summer

Habitat

A common weed of gardens, hedgerows, shaded waste ground and disturbed soil, often near old dwellings; native to Europe and temperate Asia and widely naturalised elsewhere, where its invasive spreading rhizomes make it a persistent garden weed.^[1]

Cultivated worldwide as a major cereal food crop in warm-temperate to tropical climates on fertile, well-drained soils; not found wild, having been domesticated from a wild grass ancestor (teosinte) in Mesoamerica.^[11]

Harvesting

The young leaves and stems are gathered in spring, before flowering, when they are most tender and least bitter; the root can be dug at the same time. Careful identification against poisonous Apiaceae look-alikes (poison hemlock, hemlock water-dropwort, fool's parsley) is essential before harvesting.^[1]

Parts: Leaf, Root, Stem

Season: Spring, before flowering

The silky stigmas and styles are collected from the ears in mid- to late summer, just before or as pollination occurs, while still fresh and pale, then dried quickly to preserve colour and flavonoid content.^[11]

Parts: Stigmas and styles (corn silk)

Season: Mid- to late summer, at silking

Traditional Uses

Ground elder has long been used in European folk medicine as a remedy for gout and rheumatic and arthritic joint pain (reflected in the name 'podagraria', from podagra, gout), typically applied as a poultice or taken as a decoction. The young leaves have also been eaten as a spring pot-herb, valued for their nutrient content as well as their medicinal reputation.^[1]

Corn silk has a long traditional use across Chinese, Native American and European folk medicine as a gentle diuretic and soothing demulcent for urinary tract complaints, mild fluid retention and kidney support.^[11]

Preparations

Decoction^[1]

Dried or fresh leaf, stem and root simmered in water as a traditional remedy for gout and rheumatic pain.

Poultice^[1]

Fresh leaves crushed or boiled and applied directly to gouty or arthritic joints.

Fresh leaf (culinary/medicinal)^[1]

Young spring leaves eaten as a cooked pot-herb, similarly to spinach, continuing the traditional food-medicine use.

Infusion^[11]

Dried corn silk infused in hot water as a traditional diuretic and urinary-support tea.

References

REF-0719, REF-0720, REF-0721, REF-1688, REF-1689, REF-1690, REF-1691, REF-2560, REF-2561, REF-2562

REF-1624, REF-1625, REF-1626, REF-1627, REF-1628, REF-1629, REF-1630, REF-1631, REF-1632, REF-1633

Lookalikes Review

Outcome: has-lookalikes

Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)

Reviewed Date: 2026-07-06

Outcome: none-known

Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)

Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07

Dangerous Lookalikes

Safety note^{[15, 16]}Fatal

Dangerous Plant: conium-maculatum

Confused Part: Young leaves and foliage gathered in spring, before flowering.

Confusion Context: Poison hemlock is a carrot-family plant with lacy foliage that can be mistaken for edible umbellifer greens; its alkaloid coniine causes an ascending paralysis that stops breathing, and even a small amount can be fatal. It grows in the same disturbed ground, hedgerows and waste places as ground elder.

Distinguishing Features: Ground elder leaves are in neat groups of three (twice-ternate) with broad, oval, sharply toothed leaflets. Poison hemlock leaves are finely divided, feathery and fern-like — not in groups of three., Poison hemlock has a hairless stem blotched and streaked with purple; ground elder's stem is plain green and grooved, never purple-spotted., Crushed ground elder smells mildly of parsley or carrot; crushed poison hemlock smells foul and musty ('mousy').

Key Test: Check the stem: purple blotches or streaks on a smooth, hairless stem = poison hemlock — do not eat. Ground elder has a plain green grooved stem, broad toothed leaflets in threes, and a mild parsley smell (never mousy).

Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)

Reviewed Date: 2026-07-06

Safety note^[17]Fatal

Dangerous Plant: oenanthe-crocata

Confused Part: Foliage (mistaken for celery or parsley) and roots (mistaken for parsnip), where the plant grows near water.

Confusion Context: Hemlock water-dropwort is probably the most poisonous plant in Britain; its toxin oenanthotoxin causes violent convulsions, and its parsnip-like roots and celery-like leaves have repeatedly been eaten by mistake, often fatally. It grows in and beside water.

Distinguishing Features: Habitat is the first filter: hemlock water-dropwort grows in or right beside water (wet ditches, streams, marshes); ground elder grows in dry gardens, hedgerows and disturbed ground., Hemlock water-dropwort has a cluster of pale, swollen, finger-like root tubers ('dead man's fingers'); ground elder spreads by thin white creeping rhizomes, not fleshy tubers.

Key Test: If the plant is growing in or at the edge of water and has a cluster of swollen finger-like root tubers, treat it as hemlock water-dropwort — do not touch the roots. Ground elder grows in dry ground from thin creeping rhizomes.

Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)

Reviewed Date: 2026-07-06

Safety note^{[18, 19]}Dangerous

Dangerous Plant: aethusa-cynapium

Confused Part: Young leaves and foliage in spring.

Confusion Context: Fool's parsley is a common carrot-family weed of gardens and disturbed ground — named for being mistaken for parsley — that contains toxic polyacetylenes and can cause burning of the mouth, vomiting and neurological effects, especially in children.

Distinguishing Features: Fool's parsley leaves are finely dissected, thin, dark green and fern-like; ground elder leaves are broad, oval, toothed leaflets in neat groups of three — a coarser, very different leaf., In flower, fool's parsley shows three long, narrow bracteoles hanging down beneath each small flower cluster (a 'beard'); ground elder umbels have no such drooping beard., Crushed fool's parsley smells foul and acrid ('mousy'); ground elder smells mildly of parsley or carrot.

Key Test: Finely dissected fern-like leaves with a foul mousy smell — and, if flowering, a drooping three-part 'beard' under each little umbel — mean fool's parsley, not ground elder (which has broad toothed leaflets in threes and a mild parsley scent).

Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)

Reviewed Date: 2026-07-06

Not documented

References & Sources

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Ground Elder monograph Corn Silk monograph Compare other plants

Generated automatically from the Omnia Sana plant database and its cited sources. For educational purposes only — not medical advice. Always consult a qualified practitioner before using medicinal plants.