Omnia SanaPlant Comparison
Yarrow vs Bearberry
A side-by-side comparison of two medicinal plants — every documented constituent, action, use, safety note and cited source, assembled automatically from the Omnia Sana database.
At a glance
Yarrow and Bearberry: they share 7 indicated uses (cancer (anticancer research), diarrhoea, infection (general), …); 3 pharmacological actions in common.
Evidence face-off — shared uses
| Condition | Yarrow | Bearberry | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cancer (anticancer research) | 2/10 | 2/10 | Comparable evidence |
| Diarrhoea | 1/10 | 1/10 | Comparable evidence |
| Infection (general) | 1/10 | 6/10 | Stronger for Bearberry |
| Skin irritation | 1/10 | 1/10 | Comparable evidence |
| Urinary support | 1/10 | 6/10 | Stronger for Bearberry |
| Urinary tract infection (UTI) | 1/10 | 6/10 | Stronger for Bearberry |
| Wounds | 1/10 | 6/10 | Stronger for Bearberry |
Evidence scores (1–10) are computed from the tier of each cited source. “Comparable” means the two scores are within one point. Follow a score to its detailed sources.
Key Constituents
Chamazulene (blue colour), sabinene, 1,8-cineole, camphor and alpha-bisabolol.
Antioxidant and antispasmodic flavonoids.
Contribute to anti-inflammatory and astringent activity.
Compounds traditionally linked to the haemostatic (styptic) effect.
Hydroquinone glycoside; hydrolysed and excreted as antibacterial hydroquinone in the urine.
Up to ~20%; responsible for the astringency and for gastric irritation at high doses.
Pharmacological Actions
Preclinical antiproliferative activity of yarrow flavonoids and sesquiterpenoids (e.g. centaureidin, casticin) against human tumour cell lines.
Bitter digestive tonic (stimulates appetite and bile flow)
Arbutin, the hydroquinone glucoside characteristic of bearberry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi), shows antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic activity across multiple cancer types (preclinical).
Antibacterial in the urinary tract (arbutin is converted to antibacterial hydroquinone, favoured by alkaline urine); Urinary antiseptic for mild, uncomplicated lower urinary tract infection / cystitis (short-term)
Traditional & Indicated Uses
inferred from bitter-tonic action
inferred from anti-inflammatory action
inferred from vulnerary action
Antiproliferative activity of Achillea millefolium extracts and constituents (centaureidin, casticin) against HeLa, MCF-7 and A431 cancer cell lines (preclinical).
Diaphoretic (supports the body during colds and fevers)
Diaphoretic (supports the body during colds and fevers)
inferred from styptic action
inferred from antimicrobial action
inferred from anti-inflammatory action
inferred from antispasmodic action
inferred from anti-inflammatory action
inferred from diuretic action
inferred from diuretic action
inferred from diuretic action
The bearberry constituent arbutin suppresses osteosarcoma proliferation, migration and invasion via miR-338-3p/MTHFD1L and AKT/mTOR inactivation, and has documented anticancer potential against bladder, breast, colon, liver and other cancers (preclinical).
Urinary antiseptic for mild, uncomplicated lower urinary tract infection / cystitis (short-term)
inferred from astringent action
inferred from urinary-antiseptic action
Antibacterial in the urinary tract (arbutin is converted to antibacterial hydroquinone, favoured by alkaline urine); Urinary antiseptic for mild, uncomplicated lower urinary tract infection / cystitis (short-term)
Safety, Cautions & Contraindications
Generally very safe. Rarely causes contact dermatitis in sensitive individuals (sesquiterpene lactones, same Asteraceae family). Avoid high doses during pregnancy (emmenagogue at large doses). May increase photosensitivity. Allergic reactions uncommon but possible in those sensitive to Asteraceae plants.
Duke (2002) rates yarrow as ++ with clinical evidence (score 2) for antibacterial, antiseptic, antispasmodic, choleretic, aperitif, and astringent activities, consistent with Commission E (KOM) approval for loss of appetite and dyspeptic ailments. Yarrow contains achillin, achilleic acid, and apigenin — compounds with anti-inflammatory and hemostatic properties. Traditional use for wound healing, fever management, and digestive complaints is well-supported. Dose: 2–4 g dried herb as tea three times daily. Caution: yarrow belongs to the Asteraceae family and can cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals; rare contact dermatitis from sesquiterpene lactones has been reported. Contraindicated in pregnancy due to potential emmenagogue effects (Duke, 2002).
As a member of the daisy family (Asteraceae) it can cause allergic reactions or contact dermatitis in sensitive people, and handling the fresh plant in sunlight can occasionally cause photosensitivity.
Medicinal use is traditionally avoided in pregnancy (can stimulate the uterus and influence menstruation); caution while breastfeeding.
May interact with anticoagulant, sedative and blood-pressure medications and with drugs metabolised by the liver; seek professional advice if on regular medication.
Correct identification is essential, as several poisonous white-flowered umbellifers can be confused with yarrow; clinical evidence in humans is limited.
Short-term use only: not for more than 1 week at a time and not more than about 5 times per year. If symptoms persist beyond ~4 days, worsen, or are accompanied by fever, blood in the urine or pain, seek medical care.
Contraindicated in pregnancy and breastfeeding and not for use in children or adolescents under 18 years.
External Ids
Botanical Description
Aromatic, rhizomatous perennial herb with erect, grooved, softly hairy stems arising in clumps from a creeping rootstock. The leaves are alternate, 2-3-pinnately dissected into narrow feathery segments, giving the whole plant a soft, fern-like texture (hence 'millefolium', thousand-leaved). Numerous small white to pale-pink flower heads are borne in dense, flat-topped compound corymbs at the stem tips. The plant has a sweet, herbaceous, slightly medicinal aroma when crushed.[12]
Low, mat-forming evergreen shrub with trailing, woody stems that root as they spread. The leaves are small, leathery, spatula-shaped (spoon-shaped), glossy dark green above and paler beneath, with a smooth, untoothed margin and a rounded tip. Small, urn-shaped, pink-and-white flowers hang in short clusters in spring, followed by bright red, mealy berries.[11]
Habitat
A common plant of grassland, meadows, roadsides, pastures and waste ground on a wide range of soils; native throughout Europe and temperate Asia and now naturalised across North America, Australia and New Zealand.[12]
Grows on dry, acidic, sandy or rocky ground in open woodland, heath, moorland and mountain slopes across the northern hemisphere (Europe, Asia and North America), often in exposed, cold, upland or subarctic sites.[11]
Harvesting
The flowering aerial parts (leaf, stem and flower) are cut as the flat-topped corymbs open, in mid- to late summer, and dried quickly in a warm, shaded, airy place to preserve the essential oil and colour.[12]
The leaves are gathered in autumn to early spring (outside the flowering and fruiting season), when arbutin content is at its highest, and dried carefully to preserve the glycoside.[11]
Traditional Uses
Yarrow has an ancient reputation as a wound herb (its old name 'staunchweed' and its association with Achilles reflect traditional use to stop bleeding and heal wounds) and as a bitter digestive and diaphoretic remedy for feverish colds, spasmodic gastrointestinal complaints, hepatobiliary disorders and gynaecological complaints. The flowering herb is classically taken as a hot infusion at the onset of a cold or fever to promote sweating, and used as a bitter tonic to stimulate appetite and digestion.[2, 12]
Bearberry leaf is a long-established European folk and official (EU herbal monograph) remedy for mild, uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections and cystitis, used short-term as a urinary antiseptic; it has also been used traditionally as an astringent for mild diarrhoea.[11]
Preparations
Dried flowering herb infused in hot water as a bitter digestive and diaphoretic tea, traditionally taken hot at the onset of colds and fevers.
Tincture of the herb, ethanol 45% V/V, 2-4 ml three times daily. The EU herbal monograph gives the ethanol strength but states no drug-extract ratio, so no 1:5 ratio is claimed here. Educational reference only, not a prescription.
Fresh crushed leaf or flowering tops applied directly to minor cuts and wounds, reflecting the traditional styptic (bleeding-stopping) and vulnerary use.
Steam-distilled from the flowering tops; the chamazulene-rich blue oil is used in low dilution for its anti-inflammatory action.
Dried leaf macerated in cold water for several hours, which extracts less tannin (reducing gastric irritation) than a hot infusion; the preferred traditional preparation.
Dried leaf infused or lightly decocted in hot water; alkalinising the urine (e.g. with dietary measures) is traditionally recommended alongside use, since arbutin's antibacterial action requires alkaline urine.
Dosage
The EU herbal monograph gives 1.5-4 g of the comminuted herb in 150-250 mL of boiling water as an infusion, three or four times daily between meals; for loss of appetite the liquid preparations are taken 30 minutes before meals. Educational reference only, not a prescription.
The EU herbal monograph gives 2-4 mL three times daily in adolescents, adults and elderly. Educational reference only, not a prescription.
The EU herbal monograph describes traditional use of about 3 g dried leaf per cup, up to four times daily, for no more than one week at a time and no more than about five times a year. Educational reference only, not a prescription.
References
Lookalikes Review
Dangerous Lookalikes
References & Sources
- Farasati Far, B., Behzad, G. and Khalili, H (2023) 'Achillea millefolium: mechanism of action, pharmacokinetic, clinical drug-drug interactions and tolerability', Heliyon, 9(12), pp. e22841. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22841 Meta-analysis / review
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22841 - Akram, M (2013) 'Minireview on Achillea millefolium Linn', The Journal of Membrane Biology, 246(9), pp. 661-663. doi:10.1007/s00232-013-9588-x Meta-analysis / review
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00232-013-9588-x - Benedek, B. and Kopp, B (2007) 'Achillea millefolium L. s.l. revisited: recent findings confirm the traditional use', Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift, 157(13-14), pp. 312-314. doi:10.1007/s10354-007-0431-9 Meta-analysis / review
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10354-007-0431-9 - Li, H., Li, J., Liu, M., Xie, R., Zang, Y., Li, J. and Aisa, H.A (2021) 'Guaianolide sesquiterpene lactones from Achillea millefolium L', Phytochemistry, 186, pp. 112733. doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112733 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112733 - Li, H., Liu, L., Gou, G., Xin, X., Li, J. and Aisa, H.A (2023) 'Guaianolides from Achillea millefolium L. and their anti-inflammatory activity', Phytochemistry, 210, pp. 113647. doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113647 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113647 - Li, H., Akber Aisa, H. and Li, J (2023) 'Germacrane-type sesquiterpene lactones from Achillea millefolium L. and their anti-inflammatory activity', Chemistry & Biodiversity, 20(4), pp. e202300079. doi:10.1002/cbdv.202300079 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.202300079 - Li, H., Xu, N., Li, J. and Aisa, H.A (2023) 'Guaianolide-type sesquiterpene lactones from Achillea millefolium L. and their anti-inflammatory activity', Phytochemistry, 216, pp. 113894. doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113894 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113894 - Huang, X., Xu, N., Liu, Z., Li, H., Lu, H. and Li, J (2024) 'Chemical composition of Achillea millefolium L. and their anti-inflammatory activity', Chemistry & Biodiversity, 21(8), pp. e202400946. doi:10.1002/cbdv.202400946 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.202400946 - Alomair, M.K., Alabduladheem, L.S., Almajed, M.A., Alobaid, A.A., Alkhalifah, E.A.R., Younis, N.S. and Mohamed, M.E (2022) 'Achillea millefolium essential oil mitigates peptic ulcer in rats through Nrf2/HO-1 pathway', Molecules, 27(22), pp. 7908. doi:10.3390/molecules27227908 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27227908 - Bagheri, A., Amin, G., Tavangar, S.M., Heidari, M. and Bagheri, J (2024) 'Safety and hemostatic effect of Achillea millefolium L. in localized bleeding', Hepatology Forum, 5(1), pp. 25-27. doi:10.14744/hf.2022.2022.0041 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.14744/hf.2022.2022.0041 - Ayoobi, F., Shamsizadeh, A., Fatemi, I., Vakilian, A., Allahtavakoli, M., Hassanshahi, G. and Moghadam-Ahmadi, A (2017) 'Bio-effectiveness of the main flavonoids of Achillea millefolium in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders - a review', Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, 20(6), pp. 604-612. doi:10.22038/IJBMS.2017.8827 Meta-analysis / review
https://doi.org/10.22038/IJBMS.2017.8827 - Ali, S.I., Gopalakrishnan, B. and Venkatesalu, V (2017) 'Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Properties of Achillea millefolium L.: A Review', 31(8), pp. 1140--1161. doi:10.1002/ptr.5840 Traditional / reference
https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.5840 - European Medicines Agency (HMPC) (2019) 'European Union herbal monograph on Achillea millefolium L., herba, Revision 1'. Available at: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/herbal-opinion/final-european-union-herbal-monograph-achillea-millefolium-l-herba-revision-1_en.pdf Traditional / reference
https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/herbal-opinion/final-european-union-herbal-monograph-achillea-millefolium-l-herba-revision-1_en.pdf - Herbal Reality (n.d.) 'Yarrow (Achillea millefolium): Benefits, Uses, Safety'. Available at: https://www.herbalreality.com/herb/yarrow/ Traditional / reference
https://www.herbalreality.com/herb/yarrow/ - Applequist, W.L. and Moerman, D.E (2011) 'Yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.): a neglected panacea?', 65(2), pp. 209--225. Traditional / reference
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Yarrow%20%28Achillea%20millefolium%20L.%29%3A%20a%20neglected%20panacea%3F - Grieve, M (1931) 'A Modern Herbal'. Traditional / reference
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=A%20Modern%20Herbal - Villanueva-Bermejo, D. et al (2017) 'Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of Achillea millefolium', pp. 469--476. Traditional / reference
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Chemical%20composition%20and%20antioxidant%20activity%20of%20Achillea%20millefolium - Csupor-Loffler, B. and Hajdu, Z. and Zupko, I. and Rethy, B. and Falkay, G. and Forgo, P. and Hohmann, J (2009) 'Antiproliferative effect of flavonoids and sesquiterpenoids from Achillea millefolium s.l. on cultured human tumour cell lines', Phytotherapy Research, 23(5), pp. 672-676. doi:10.1002/ptr.2697 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.2697 - Papakosta, K. and Grafakou, M.-E. and Barda, C. and Kostopoulos, I.V. and Tsitsilonis, O. and Skaltsa, H (2020) 'Cytotoxicity and Anti-cancer Activity of the Genus Achillea L', Current Medicinal Chemistry, 27(41), pp. 6910-6925. doi:10.2174/0929867327666200505092514 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.2174/0929867327666200505092514 - Sacred Plant Co (2025) 'Yarrow: The Warrior'. Available at: https://sacredplantco.com/blogs/natures-pharmacy-exploring-the-historical-uses-and-health-benefits-of-medicinal-herbs/the-warrior-s-herb-that-bridged-ancient-legends-and-modern-wound-care Traditional / reference
https://sacredplantco.com/blogs/natures-pharmacy-exploring-the-historical-uses-and-health-benefits-of-medicinal-herbs/the-warrior-s-herb-that-bridged-ancient-legends-and-modern-wound-care - Hemmati, A.A., Arzi, A. and Amin, M (2002) 'Effect of Achillea millefolium extract in wound healing of rabbit', 2(2), pp. 164--167. Traditional / reference
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Effect%20of%20Achillea%20millefolium%20extract%20in%20wound%20healing%20of%20rabbit - Duke, J.A (2002) 'Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, Second Edition'. Traditional / reference
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Handbook%20of%20Medicinal%20Herbs%2C%20Second%20Edition - First Nature (n.d.) 'Achillea millefolium, Yarrow: identification, distribution, habitat'. Available at: https://www.first-nature.com/flowers/achillea-millefolium.php Traditional / reference
https://www.first-nature.com/flowers/achillea-millefolium.php - Grieve, M (1931). Available at: https://botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/y/yarrow03.html Traditional / reference
https://botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/y/yarrow03.html - Jenabi, E. and Fereidoony, B (2015) 'Effect of Achillea millefolium on relief of primary dysmenorrhea: a double-blind randomized clinical trial', 28(5), pp. 402--404. doi:10.1016/j.jpag.2014.12.008 Randomized trial
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2014.12.008 - Joybilee Farm (n.d.) 'How to Stop Bleeding with Yarrow Styptic'. Available at: https://joybileefarm.com/how-to-stop-bleeding-yarrow/ Traditional / reference
https://joybileefarm.com/how-to-stop-bleeding-yarrow/ - North Carolina Extension (n.d.) 'Achillea millefolium'. Available at: https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/achillea-millefolium/ Traditional / reference
https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/achillea-millefolium/ - Northwest School of Aromatic Medicine (2026) 'Yarrow in Herbal & Aromatic Medicine: History, Uses, and Energetics'. Available at: https://aromaticmedicineschool.com/yarrow-herbal-medicine-history-uses-energetics/ Traditional / reference
https://aromaticmedicineschool.com/yarrow-herbal-medicine-history-uses-energetics/ - Plant Reference (n.d.) 'Achillea millefolium (common yarrow) - Identification & Care Guide'. Available at: https://www.plantref.org/plants/achillea-millefolium Traditional / reference
https://www.plantref.org/plants/achillea-millefolium - Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (n.d.) 'Achillea millefolium L'. Available at: https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:181164-1 Traditional / reference
https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:181164-1 - Royal Horticultural Society (n.d.) 'Achillea millefolium (common yarrow)'. Available at: https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/311/achillea-millefolium/details Traditional / reference
https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/311/achillea-millefolium/details - The Wildlife Trusts (n.d.). Available at: https://www.wildlifetrusts.org/wildlife-explorer/wildflowers/yarrow Traditional / reference
https://www.wildlifetrusts.org/wildlife-explorer/wildflowers/yarrow - United States Forest Service (n.d.) 'Common Yarrow (Achillea millefolium)'. Available at: https://www.fs.usda.gov/wildflowers/plant-of-the-week/achillea_millefolium.shtml Traditional / reference
https://www.fs.usda.gov/wildflowers/plant-of-the-week/achillea_millefolium.shtml - Grow Forage Cook Ferment 'Foraging Yarrow: Identification, Look-alikes, and Uses'. Available at: https://www.growforagecookferment.com/foraging-for-yarrow/ Traditional / reference
https://www.growforagecookferment.com/foraging-for-yarrow/ - Dayan, A.D (2024) 'Death of Socrates: a likely case of poison hemlock (Conium maculatum) poisoning', Clinical Toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.), 62(1), pp. 56-60. doi:10.1080/15563650.2024.2309328 Clinical study
https://doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2024.2309328 - King County Noxious Weeds (2024) 'Poison hemlock (Conium maculatum) identification and control'. Available at: https://kingcounty.gov/en/dept/dnrp/nature-recreation/environment-ecology-conservation/noxious-weeds/identification-control/poison-hemlock Traditional / reference
https://kingcounty.gov/en/dept/dnrp/nature-recreation/environment-ecology-conservation/noxious-weeds/identification-control/poison-hemlock
- Dell'Annunziata, F. and Cometa, S. and Della Marca, R. and Busto, F. and Folliero, V. and Franci, G. and Galdiero, M. and De Giglio, E. and De Filippis, A (2022) 'In Vitro Antibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Leaf Extract against Cutibacterium acnes', Pharmaceutics, 14(9), pp. 1952. doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics14091952 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14091952 - de Arriba, S.G. and Naser, B. and Nolte, K.U (2013) 'Risk assessment of free hydroquinone derived from Arctostaphylos uva-ursi folium herbal preparations', International Journal of Toxicology, 32(6), pp. 442-453. doi:10.1177/1091581813507721 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1177/1091581813507721 - Kravchenko, G. and Krasilnikova, O. and Raal, A. and Mazen, M. and Chaika, N. and Kireyev, I. and Grytsyk, A. and Koshovyi, O (2022) 'Arctostaphylos uva-ursi L. leaves extract and its modified cysteine preparation for the management of insulin resistance: chemical analysis and bioactivity', Natural Products and Bioprospecting, 12(1), pp. 30. doi:10.1007/s13659-022-00352-1 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13659-022-00352-1 - Sugier, P. and Seczyk, L. and Sugier, D. and Krawczyk, R. and Wojcik, M. and Czarnecka, J. and Okon, S. and Plak, A (2021) 'Chemical Characteristics and Antioxidant Activity of Arctostaphylos uva-ursi L. Spreng. at the Southern Border of the Geographical Range of the Species in Europe', Molecules, 26(24), pp. 7692. doi:10.3390/molecules26247692 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26247692 - Sugier, P. and Seczyk, L. and Sugier, D (2022) 'Variation in Population and Solvents as Factors Determining the Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Potential of Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. Leaf Extracts', Molecules, 27(7), pp. 2247. doi:10.3390/molecules27072247 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27072247 - Panusa, A. and Petrucci, R. and Marrosu, G. and Multari, G. and Gallo, F.R (2015) 'UHPLC-PDA-ESI-TOF/MS metabolic profiling of Arctostaphylos pungens and Arctostaphylos uva-ursi. A comparative study of phenolic compounds from leaf methanolic extracts', Phytochemistry, 115, pp. 79-88. doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2015.01.002 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2015.01.002 - Hudek Turkovic, A., Gunjaca, M., Marjanovic, M., Lovric, M., Butorac, A., Rasic, D., Peraica, M., Vujcic Bok, V., Sola, I., Rusak, G. and Durgo, K (2022) 'Proteome changes in human bladder T24 cells induced by hydroquinone derived from Arctostaphylos uva-ursi herbal preparation', Journal of Ethnopharmacology, pp. 2022. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2022.115092 Traditional / reference
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2022.115092 - Beaux, D. and Fleurentin, J. and Mortier, F (1999) 'Effect of extracts of Orthosiphon stamineus Benth, Hieracium pilosella L., Sambucus nigra L. and Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. in rats', Phytotherapy Research, 13(3), pp. 222-225. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199905)13:3<222::AID-PTR447>3.0.CO;2-P Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199905)13:3<222::AID-PTR447>3.0.CO;2-P - Seczyk, L. and Sugier, D. and Sugier, P (2024) 'Effect of the Type of Herbal Preparations (Powdered Plant Material vs. Dry Ethanolic Extracts) on the Bioaccessibility of Bearberry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.) Phytochemicals in Simulated Digestion Conditions', Molecules, 29(24), pp. 5968. doi:10.3390/molecules29245968 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29245968 - Wrona, M. and Blasco, S. and Becerril, R. and Nerin, C. and Sales, E. and Asensio, E (2018) 'Antioxidant and antimicrobial markers by UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS of a new multilayer active packaging based on Arctostaphylos uva-ursi', Talanta, 196, pp. 498-509. doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2018.12.057 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2018.12.057 - European Medicines Agency (HMPC) (2018) 'European Union herbal monograph on Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng., folium (Uvae ursi folium)'. Available at: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/herbal/uvae-ursi-folium Traditional / reference
https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/herbal/uvae-ursi-folium - Braga, V.C.C., Pianetti, G.A. and Cesar, I.C (2020) 'Comparative stability of arbutin in Arctostaphylos uva-ursi by a new comprehensive stability-indicating HPLC method', Phytochemical Analysis, 31(6), pp. 884--891. doi:10.1002/pca.2953 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1002/pca.2953 - Qin, D., Liu, J., Guo, W., Ju, T., Fu, S., Liu, D. and Hu, G (2024) 'Arbutin alleviates intestinal colitis by regulating neutrophil extracellular traps formation and microbiota composition', Phytomedicine. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155741 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155741 - ESCOP (European Scientific Cooperative on Phytotherapy) (n.d.) 'Uvae ursi folium (Bearberry Leaf) monograph', pp. com. Available at: https://www.escop.com/downloads/bearberry-leaf/ Traditional / reference
https://www.escop.com/downloads/bearberry-leaf/ - Zhang, B., Zeng, M., Li, B., Kan, Y., Wang, S., Cao, B. and others (2021) 'Arbutin attenuates LPS-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis via the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway', Phytomedicine. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153466 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153466 - Nahar, L. and Al-Groshi, A. and Kumar, A. and Sarker, S.D (2022) 'Arbutin: Occurrence in Plants, and Its Potential as an Anticancer Agent', Molecules, 27(24), pp. 8786. doi:10.3390/molecules27248786 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27248786 - Wang, C.-Q. and Wang, X.-M. and Li, B.-L. and Zhang, Y.-M. and Wang, L (2020) 'Arbutin suppresses osteosarcoma progression via miR-338-3p/MTHFD1L and inactivation of the AKT/mTOR pathway', FEBS Open Bio, 11(1), pp. 289-299. doi:10.1002/2211-5463.13024 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1002/2211-5463.13024 - Gagyor, I., Hummers, E., Schmiemann, G., Friede, T., Pfeiffer, S., Afshar, K. and Bleidorn, J (2021) 'Herbal treatment with uva ursi extract versus fosfomycin in women with uncomplicated urinary tract infection in primary care: a randomized controlled trial', Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 27(10), pp. 1441--1447. doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2021.05.032 Randomized trial
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2021.05.032 - Moore, M., Trill, J., Simpson, C., Webley, F., Radford, M., Stanton, L. and others (2019) 'Uva-ursi extract and ibuprofen as alternative treatments for uncomplicated urinary tract infection in women (ATAFUTI): a factorial randomized trial', Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 25(8), pp. 973--980. doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2019.01.011 Randomized trial
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2019.01.011 - ScienceDirect Topics (pharmacognosy) 'Arctostaphylos Uva-Ursi - an overview'. Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/arctostaphylos-uva-ursi Traditional / reference
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/arctostaphylos-uva-ursi - North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox 'Buxus sempervirens (Common Boxwood)'. Available at: https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/buxus-sempervirens/ Traditional / reference
https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/buxus-sempervirens/
Generated automatically from the Omnia Sana plant database and its cited sources. For educational purposes only — not medical advice. Always consult a qualified practitioner before using medicinal plants.