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Omnia Sana · Plant Monograph

Heartsease

Viola tricolor

Family ViolaceaeParts used Aerial parts (flowering herb)Also known as Wild pansy, Johnny-jump-up, Love-in-idleness

This monograph compiles 2 documented constituents, 6 pharmacological actions, 11 traditional / indicated uses, supported by 10 cited sources, drawn directly from the Omnia Sana plant database.

Key Constituents

Cyclotides (cyclic plant peptides)[1, 9, 10]

Bioactive cyclic peptides shown to suppress over-active immune (T-cell) responses - the rationale for use in inflammatory skin disease; the cytotoxic cyclotides vitri A, varv A and varv E have been isolated from V. tricolor. Cyclotide-enriched preparations (including hot-water decoctions) reduce T-cell proliferation and macrophage cytokine output in vitro, of interest for inflammatory bowel disease.

Flavonoids (rutin, violanthin), salicylates and mucilage[7, 8, 9]

Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and soothing constituents.

FlavonoidsMucilageRutin

Pharmacological Actions

Anti-inflammatory[1, 2, 7, 9]

Anti-inflammatory / immunomodulatory for chronic skin conditions - eczema, psoriasis, itching and scabs (traditional, supported by cyclotide research) - cyclotide-enriched V. tricolor preparations suppress T-cell proliferation and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion in vitro; Soothes irritated skin (demulcent and anti-inflammatory)

Anticancer (preclinical)[3, 10]

Cytotoxic / antiproliferative against cancer cell lines in vitro (cyclotides vitri A, varv A and varv E)

Demulcent (soothing mucilage)[9]

Soothes irritated skin (demulcent and anti-inflammatory); Traditional demulcent / expectorant for cough, bronchitis and chest inflammation

Emollient / skin-soothing[7, 9]

Soothes irritated skin (demulcent and anti-inflammatory)

Expectorant[9]

Traditional demulcent / expectorant for cough, bronchitis and chest inflammation

Immunomodulator / immune support[1, 9]

Anti-inflammatory / immunomodulatory for chronic skin conditions - eczema, psoriasis, itching and scabs (traditional, supported by cyclotide research) - cyclotide-enriched V. tricolor preparations suppress T-cell proliferation and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion in vitro

Traditional & Indicated Uses

Arthritis / joint pain[1, 9]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

more plants for arthritis / joint pain →detailed sources →
Bronchitis[9]Traditional · 1/10

Traditional demulcent / expectorant for cough, bronchitis and chest inflammation

more plants for bronchitis →detailed sources →
Cold & flu[1, 9]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from immunomodulator action

more plants for cold & flu →detailed sources →
Cough[9]Traditional · 1/10

Traditional demulcent / expectorant for cough, bronchitis and chest inflammation

more plants for cough →detailed sources →
Eczema[1, 9]Traditional · 2/10

Anti-inflammatory / immunomodulatory for chronic skin conditions - eczema, psoriasis, itching and scabs (traditional, supported by cyclotide research) - cyclotide-enriched V. tricolor preparations suppress T-cell proliferation and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion in vitro

more plants for eczema →detailed sources →
Immune support[1, 9]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from immunomodulator action

more plants for immune support →detailed sources →
Inflammation (general)[9]Traditional · 1/10

Traditional demulcent / expectorant for cough, bronchitis and chest inflammation

more plants for inflammation (general) →detailed sources →
Psoriasis[1, 9]Traditional · 2/10

Anti-inflammatory / immunomodulatory for chronic skin conditions - eczema, psoriasis, itching and scabs (traditional, supported by cyclotide research) - cyclotide-enriched V. tricolor preparations suppress T-cell proliferation and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion in vitro

more plants for psoriasis →detailed sources →
Respiratory support[9]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from expectorant action

more plants for respiratory support →detailed sources →
Skin irritation[9]Traditional · 1/10

Soothes irritated skin (demulcent and anti-inflammatory)

more plants for skin irritation →detailed sources →
Sore throat[9]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from demulcent action

more plants for sore throat →detailed sources →

Safety, Cautions & Contraindications

Safety note[9]Caution

Regarded as safe in customary traditional use; because the extract suppresses immune-cell activity, there is a theoretical caution when taking immunosuppressant medicines.

Safety note[9]Caution

Contains salicylates, so use caution if you are salicylate-sensitive; safety in pregnancy and breastfeeding is not established.

References

REF-0617, REF-1600, REF-1601, REF-1602, REF-1603, REF-1604, REF-1605, REF-1606, REF-0463

References & Sources

  1. Retzl, B., Zimmermann-Klemd, A.M., Winker, M., Nicolay, S., Grundemann, C. and Gruber, C.W (2023) 'Exploring Immune Modulatory Effects of Cyclotide-Enriched Viola tricolor Preparations', Planta Medica, 89(15), pp. 1493--1504. doi:10.1055/a-2173-8627 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2173-8627
  2. Harati, E., Bahrami, M., Razavi, A., Kamalinejad, M. and others (2018) 'Effects of Viola tricolor Flower Hydroethanolic Extract on Lung Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Chronic Asthma', Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, 17(5), pp. 409-417. Preclinical
    Find this source
  3. Sadeghnia, H.R., Ghorbani Hesari, T., Mortazavian, S.M., Mousavi, S.H. and others (2014) 'Viola tricolor induces apoptosis in cancer cells and exhibits antiangiogenic activity on chicken chorioallantoic membrane', BioMed Research International, 2014, pp. 625792. doi:10.1155/2014/625792 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/625792
  4. Mousavi, S.H., Naghizade, B., Pourgonabadi, S. and Ghorbani, A (2016) 'Protective effect of Viola tricolor and Viola odorata extracts on serum/glucose deprivation-induced neurotoxicity: role of reactive oxygen species', Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine, 6(4), pp. 434-441. Preclinical
    Find this source
  5. Witkowska-Banaszczak, E., Bylka, W., Matlawska, I., Goslinska, O. and Muszynski, Z (2005) 'Antimicrobial activity of Viola tricolor herb', Fitoterapia, 76(5), pp. 458-461. doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2005.03.005 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2005.03.005
  6. Baradaran Rahimi, V., Askari, V.R., Hosseini, M., Yousefsani, B.S. and Sadeghnia, H.R (2019) 'Anticonvulsant Activity of Viola tricolor against Seizures Induced by Pentylenetetrazol and Maximal Electroshock in Mice', Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences, 44(3), pp. 220-226. Preclinical
    Find this source
  7. Piana, M., Silva, M.A., Trevisan, G., de Brum, T.F. and others (2013) 'Antiinflammatory effects of Viola tricolor gel in a model of sunburn in rats and the gel stability study', Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 150(2), pp. 458-465. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2013.08.040 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2013.08.040
  8. Han, B.Y., Wang, Z.L., Li, J., Jin, Q. and others (2023) 'A highly selective C-rhamnosyltransferase from Viola tricolor and insights into its mechanisms', Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, 13(8), pp. 3535-3544. doi:10.1016/j.apsb.2023.05.011 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsb.2023.05.011
  9. Hellinger, R., Koehbach, J., Fedchuk, H., Sauer, B., Huber, R., Gruber, C.W. and Grundemann, C (2013) 'Immunosuppressive activity of an aqueous Viola tricolor herbal extract', Journal of Ethnopharmacology, pp. 2013. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2013.10.044 Traditional / reference
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2013.10.044
  10. Svangard, E. and Goransson, U. and Hocaoglu, Z. and Gullbo, J. and Larsson, R. and Claeson, P. and Bohlin, L (2004) 'Cytotoxic cyclotides from Viola tricolor', Journal of Natural Products, 67(2), pp. 144--147. doi:10.1021/np030101l Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1021/np030101l

Record last updated 2026-06-20 · Provenance: website+pubmed+symptom-tool · Status: verified

This fact sheet is generated automatically from the Omnia Sana plant database and reflects its latest synced data. It is provided for educational purposes only and is not medical advice. Always consult a qualified practitioner before using medicinal plants.

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