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Omnia Sana · Plant Monograph

Panax Ginseng

Panax ginseng

Family AraliaceaeParts used RootAlso known as Asian ginseng, Korean ginseng, Chinese ginseng

This monograph compiles 6 pharmacological actions, 12 traditional / indicated uses, supported by 13 cited sources, drawn directly from the Omnia Sana plant database.

Pharmacological Actions

Anti-inflammatory[1, 7, 11, 12, 13]
Antidiabetic (blood-sugar lowering)[11, 12, 13]
Antioxidant[1, 7, 11, 12, 13]
Physical performance / ergogenic[6, 11, 12, 13]

Physical performance / strength improvement

Immunomodulator / immune support[1, 7, 11, 12, 13]
Neuroprotective / cognition support[1, 5, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13]

Traditional & Indicated Uses

Arthritis / joint pain[11, 12, 13]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

more plants for arthritis / joint pain →detailed sources →
Blood sugar / diabetes support[11, 12, 13]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from antidiabetic action

more plants for blood sugar / diabetes support →detailed sources →
Cardiovascular / heart health[11, 12, 13]Moderate · 5/10
more plants for cardiovascular / heart health →detailed sources →
Cognitive function[9, 10, 11, 12, 13]Strong · 9/10

inferred from neuroprotective action

more plants for cognitive function →detailed sources →
Cold & flu[11, 12, 13]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from immunomodulator action

more plants for cold & flu →detailed sources →
Fatigue / low energy[6, 11, 12, 13]Good · 8/10

inferred from ergogenic action

more plants for fatigue / low energy →detailed sources →
Inflammation (general)[11, 12, 13]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

more plants for inflammation (general) →detailed sources →
Memory[9, 11, 12, 13]Good · 8/10

inferred from neuroprotective action

more plants for memory →detailed sources →
Muscle soreness[11, 12, 13]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from ergogenic action

more plants for muscle soreness →detailed sources →
Skin irritation[11, 12, 13]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

more plants for skin irritation →detailed sources →

Safety, Cautions & Contraindications

Safety note[11, 12, 13]Caution

Generally well tolerated in short-term use (up to 3 months). May cause insomnia, headache, or gastrointestinal upset at high doses. Avoid during pregnancy and breastfeeding. May interact with warfarin, MAOIs, and diabetic medications. Not recommended for continuous use without breaks.

Safety note[11, 12, 13]Caution

Duke (2002) rates Korean/Oriental ginseng (Panax ginseng) as highly active with clinical support for adaptogenic, immunostimulant, and performance-enhancing effects. Commission E approves standardized ginseng root extract (4–7% ginsenosides) as a tonic for fatigue and during convalescence. Dose: 200–600 mg standardized extract daily. Duke cautions about 'Ginseng Abuse Syndrome' (GAS) with overdose — symptoms include hypertension, insomnia, edema, and nervousness. Drug interactions are notable: ginseng potentiates MAOIs and may interact with warfarin, digoxin, and stimulants. Cycle use (2–3 weeks on, 2 weeks off) is recommended (Duke, 2002).

References

REF-1466, REF-1467, REF-1468, REF-1469, REF-1470, REF-1471, REF-1472, REF-1473, REF-1474, REF-1475

References & Sources

  1. Mancuso, C. and Santangelo, R (2017) 'Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius: From pharmacology to toxicology', Food and Chemical Toxicology, 107(Pt A), pp. 362-372. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2017.07.019 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2017.07.019
  2. Zhou, Z., Li, M., Zhang, Z., Song, Z. and others (2024) 'Overview of Panax ginseng and its active ingredients protective mechanism on cardiovascular diseases', Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 334, pp. 118506. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2024.118506 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2024.118506
  3. Liu, H., Lu, X., Hu, Y. and Fan, X (2020) 'Chemical constituents of Panax ginseng and Panax notoginseng explain why they differ in therapeutic efficacy', Pharmacological Research, 161, pp. 105263. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105263 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105263
  4. Fan, S., Zhang, Z., Su, H., Xu, P. and others (2020) 'Panax ginseng clinical trials: Current status and future perspectives', Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 132, pp. 110832. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110832 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110832
  5. Ni, X.C., Wang, H.F., Cai, Y.Y., Yang, D. and others (2022) 'Ginsenoside Rb1 inhibits astrocyte activation and promotes transfer of astrocytic mitochondria to neurons against ischemic stroke', Redox Biology, 54, pp. 102363. doi:10.1016/j.redox.2022.102363 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2022.102363
  6. Arring, N.M., Millstine, D., Marks, L.A. and Nail, L.M (2018) 'Ginseng as a Treatment for Fatigue: A Systematic Review', Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 24(7), pp. 624-633. doi:10.1089/acm.2017.0361 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2017.0361
  7. Zhou, G., Wang, C.Z., Mohammadi, S., Sawadogo, W.R. and others (2023) 'Pharmacological Effects of Ginseng: Multiple Constituents and Multiple Actions on Humans', The American Journal of Chinese Medicine, 51(5), pp. 1085-1104. doi:10.1142/S0192415X23500507 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.1142/S0192415X23500507
  8. Ramanathan, M.R. and Penzak, S.R (2017) 'Pharmacokinetic Drug Interactions with Panax ginseng', European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, 42(4), pp. 545-557. doi:10.1007/s13318-016-0387-5 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s13318-016-0387-5
  9. Li, J., Huang, Q., Chen, J., Qi, H. and others (2021) 'Neuroprotective Potentials of Panax Ginseng Against Alzheimer's Disease: A Review of Preclinical and Clinical Evidences', Frontiers in Pharmacology, 12, pp. 688490. doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.688490 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.688490
  10. Geng, J., Dong, J., Ni, H., Lee, M.S. and others (2010) 'Ginseng for cognition', Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (12), pp. CD007769. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007769.pub2 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD007769.pub2
  11. Attele, A.S., Wu, J.A. and Yuan, C.S (1999) 'Ginseng pharmacology: multiple constituents and multiple actions', 58(11), pp. 1685--1693. Traditional / reference
    Find this source
  12. Kiefer, D. and Pantuso, T (2003) 'Panax ginseng', 68(8), pp. 1539--1542. Traditional / reference
    Find this source
  13. Park, H.J., Kim, D.H. and Park, S.J (2014) 'Ginseng in traditional herbal prescriptions', 38(1), pp. 1--7. Randomized trial
    Find this source

Record last updated 2026-06-20 · Provenance: book+pubmed · Status: verified

This fact sheet is generated automatically from the Omnia Sana plant database and reflects its latest synced data. It is provided for educational purposes only and is not medical advice. Always consult a qualified practitioner before using medicinal plants.

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