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Omnia Sana · Plant Monograph

Black Cumin

Nigella sativa

Family RanunculaceaeParts used SeedAlso known as Black Seed, Black Caraway, Kalonji, Roman Coriander, Habbatul Barakah

This monograph compiles 9 pharmacological actions, 16 traditional / indicated uses, supported by 18 cited sources, drawn directly from the Omnia Sana plant database.

Pharmacological Actions

Analgesic (pain relief)[6, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]
Anti-inflammatory[1, 2, 4, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]
Anticancer (preclinical)[7, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]
Antidiabetic (blood-sugar lowering)[5, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]
Antimicrobial[3, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]
Antioxidant[1, 3, 8, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]
Digestive aid[12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]
Gastroprotective[12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]
Immunomodulator / immune support[4, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]

Traditional & Indicated Uses

Acid reflux[12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from gastroprotective action

more plants for acid reflux →detailed sources →
Arthritis / joint pain[12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

more plants for arthritis / joint pain →detailed sources →
Back pain[12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from analgesic action

more plants for back pain →detailed sources →
Bloating[12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from digestive action

more plants for bloating →detailed sources →
Blood sugar / diabetes support[12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from antidiabetic action

more plants for blood sugar / diabetes support →detailed sources →
Cold & flu[12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from immunomodulator action

more plants for cold & flu →detailed sources →
Headache[12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from analgesic action

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Indigestion[12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from digestive action

more plants for indigestion →detailed sources →
Infection (general)[12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from antimicrobial action

more plants for infection (general) →detailed sources →
Inflammation (general)[12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

more plants for inflammation (general) →detailed sources →
Metabolic support[12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from antidiabetic action

more plants for metabolic support →detailed sources →
Respiratory support[12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]Moderate · 5/10
more plants for respiratory support →detailed sources →
Skin irritation[12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

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Wounds[12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from antimicrobial action

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Safety, Cautions & Contraindications

Safety note[12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]Caution

Generally well-tolerated in clinical trials at doses up to 200 mg/day of oil for 90 days. Potential side effects may include mild gastrointestinal discomfort. Contraindicated during pregnancy due to potential uterine stimulant effects. May interact with immunosuppressants and antidiabetic medications. Allergic reactions possible in sensitive individuals. Consult healthcare provider before use, especially with concurrent medications.

Safety note[12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]Caution

Duke (2002) describes black cumin (Nigella sativa) as one of the most multi-active medicinal spices, with experimental evidence for bronchodilation, immunostimulation, hepatoprotection, and antihistaminic activity. The prophet Muhammad reportedly described it as 'a cure for all things except death.' Key bioactive compounds include thymoquinone and nigellone. Antihistaminic and bronchodilatory activity supports its traditional use in asthma and allergic conditions. Duke notes it is generally safe at culinary amounts but recommends caution with medicinal doses in pregnancy due to potential uterotonic effects (Duke, 2002).

References

REF-2065, REF-2066, REF-2067, REF-2068, REF-2069, REF-2070, REF-2071, REF-2072, REF-2073, REF-2074, REF-2075

References & Sources

  1. Hannan, M.A., Rahman, M.A., Sohag, A.A.M., Uddin, M.J., Dash, R., Sikder, M.H., Rahman, M.S., Timalsina, B., Munni, Y.A. and Sarker, P.P (2021) 'Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.): A Comprehensive Review on Phytochemistry, Health Benefits, Molecular Pharmacology, and Safety', Nutrients, 13(6), pp. 1784. doi:10.3390/nu13061784 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13061784
  2. Ahmad, A., Husain, A., Mujeeb, M., Khan, S.A., Najmi, A.K., Siddique, N.A., Damanhouri, Z.A. and Anwar, F (2013) 'A review on therapeutic potential of Nigella sativa: A miracle herb', Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 3(5), pp. 337-352. doi:10.1016/S2221-1691(13)60075-1 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(13)60075-1
  3. Chatterjee, G., Saha, A.K., Khurshid, S. and Saha, A (2025) 'A Comprehensive Review of the Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Therapeutic Efficacies of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.) Seed Oil and Its Thymoquinone', Journal of Medicinal Food, 28(4), pp. 325-339. doi:10.1089/jmf.2024.k.0149 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2024.k.0149
  4. Majdalawieh, A.F. and Fayyad, M.W (2015) 'Immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory action of Nigella sativa and thymoquinone: A comprehensive review', International Immunopharmacology, 28(1), pp. 295-304. doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2015.06.023 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2015.06.023
  5. Shaukat, A., Zaidi, A., Anwar, H. and Kizilbash, N (2023) 'Mechanism of the antidiabetic action of Nigella sativa and Thymoquinone: a review', Frontiers in Nutrition, 10, pp. 1126272. doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1126272 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2023.1126272
  6. Beheshti, F., Khazaei, M. and Hosseini, M (2016) 'Neuropharmacological effects of Nigella sativa', Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine, 6(1), pp. 104-116. Meta-analysis / review
    Find this source
  7. Shafiq, H., Ahmad, A., Masud, T. and Kaleem, M (2014) 'Cardio-protective and anti-cancer therapeutic potential of Nigella sativa', Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, 17(12), pp. 967-979. Meta-analysis / review
    Find this source
  8. Bordoni, L., Fedeli, D., Nasuti, C., Maggi, F., Papa, F., Wabitsch, M., De Caterina, R. and Gabbianelli, R (2019) 'Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Nigella sativa Oil in Human Pre-Adipocytes', Antioxidants, 8(2), pp. 51. doi:10.3390/antiox8020051 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox8020051
  9. Gholamnezhad, Z., Havakhah, S. and Boskabady, M.H (2016) 'Preclinical and clinical effects of Nigella sativa and its constituent, thymoquinone: A review', Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 190, pp. 372-386. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2016.06.061 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2016.06.061
  10. Ali, B.H. and Blunden, G (2003) 'Pharmacological and toxicological properties of Nigella sativa', Phytotherapy Research, 17(4), pp. 299-305. doi:10.1002/ptr.1309 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1309
  11. Al-Attass, S.A., Zahran, F.M. and Turkistany, S.A (2016) 'Nigella sativa and its active constituent thymoquinone in oral health', Saudi Medical Journal, 37(3), pp. 235-244. doi:10.15537/smj.2016.3.13006 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.15537/smj.2016.3.13006
  12. Ahmad A, Husain A, Mujeeb M, et al. A review on therapeutic potential of Nigella sativa: A miracle herb. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2013;3 (2013) ';3(5):337-352', 3(5). Available at: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3642442/ Traditional / reference
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3642442/
  13. Darakhshan S, Bidmeshki Pour A, Hosseinzadeh Colagar A, Sisakhtnezhad S. Thymoquinone and its therapeutic potentials. Pharmacol Res. 2015;95-96:138-158. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4387230/ (2015) ';95-96:138-158'. Available at: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4387230/ Traditional / reference
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4387230/
  14. Forouzanfar F, Bazzaz BSF, Hosseinzadeh H. A review of ethnobotany, phytochemistry, antimicrobial pharmacology and toxicology of Nigella sativa L. Biomed Pharmacother. 2021;142:112040. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332221009665 (2021) ';142:112040'. Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332221009665 Traditional / reference
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332221009665
  15. Gholamnezhad Z, Keyhanmanesh R, Boskabady MH. Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory aspects of Nigella sativa for its preventive and bronchodilatory effects on obstructive respiratory diseases. Biomed Pharmacother. 2021;136:111240. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332221002778 (2021) ';136:111240'. Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332221002778 Traditional / reference
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332221002778
  16. Hannan MA, Rahman MA, Sohag AAM, et al. Black cumin (2021) ';13(6):1784', 13(6). doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.625386/full Randomized trial
    https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.625386/full
  17. Kooti W, Hasanzadeh-Noohi Z, Sharafi-Ahvazi N, et al. Phytochemistry, pharmacology, and therapeutic uses of black seed (2016) ';22(3):231-237', 22(3). Available at: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8225153/ Traditional / reference
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8225153/
  18. Tavakkoli A, Mahdian V, Razavi BM, Hosseinzadeh H. Review on clinical trials of black seed (2017) ';20(3):179-193', 20(3). Available at: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5633670/ Traditional / reference
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5633670/

Record last updated 2026-06-20 · Provenance: book+pubmed · Status: verified

This fact sheet is generated automatically from the Omnia Sana plant database and reflects its latest synced data. It is provided for educational purposes only and is not medical advice. Always consult a qualified practitioner before using medicinal plants.

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Generated June 22, 2026 from omniasana.bio