Plant Comparison

Labrador-tea vs American Cranberry

A side-by-side comparison of two medicinal plants — every documented constituent, action, use, safety note and cited source, assembled automatically from the Omnia Sana database.

First plant
Second plant
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Plant ALabrador-teaRhododendron tomentosumEricaceaeFull monograph →
Plant BAmerican CranberryVaccinium macrocarponEricaceaeFull monograph →

At a glance

Labrador-tea and American Cranberry: both belong to the Ericaceae family; they share 2 indicated uses (urinary support, urinary tract infection (uti)); 1 pharmacological action in common.

Labrador-teaAmerican Cranberry
Constituents34
Pharmacological actions32
Indicated uses73
Safety notes23
Cited sources1615
Indicated uses
Only Labrador-tea
Arthritis / joint painInflammation (general)Respiratory supportSkin irritationSwelling / fluid retention
Shared (2)
Urinary supportUrinary tract infection (UTI)
Only American Cranberry
Infection (general)
Pharmacological actions
Only Labrador-tea
Anti-inflammatoryDiuretic
Shared (1)
Antioxidant
Only American Cranberry
Urinary antiseptic

Evidence face-off — shared uses

ConditionLabrador-teaAmerican CranberryVerdict
Urinary support1/108/10Stronger for American Cranberry
Urinary tract infection (UTI)1/1010/10Stronger for American Cranberry

Evidence scores (1–10) are computed from the tier of each cited source. “Comparable” means the two scores are within one point. Follow a score to its detailed sources.

Key Constituents

Essential oil (ledol, palustrol)[2]

Ledol is the characteristic, mildly toxic sesquiterpene alcohol of the leaf, particularly concentrated in fresh material.

Essential (volatile) oilSesquiterpenes
Flavonoids and tannins[4]

Contribute to antioxidant and astringent activity.

FlavonoidsTannins
Grayanotoxins (diterpenes)[6]

Toxic diterpenes shared with related Ericaceae; the basis for the caution around excessive or prolonged use.

A-type proanthocyanidins (PACs)[11]

The constituents responsible for the anti-adhesion effect against uropathogenic E. coli.

Proanthocyanidins
Flavan-3-ols, anthocyanins and other flavonoids[11]

Antioxidant polyphenols of the berry.

AnthocyaninsPhenolic compoundsFlavonoids
Phenolic acids and organic acids (quinic, malic, citric)[11]

Contribute to the acidity and antioxidant capacity.

Phenolic acids
Oxalates[12]

Present in relatively high amounts; relevant to kidney-stone risk.

Pharmacological Actions

Anti-inflammatory[1, 2, 3, 4, 11, 12, 13]
Antioxidant[1, 4, 12, 13]
Diuretic[1, 12, 13]
Antioxidant[8, 11]
Urinary antiseptic[1, 2, 9, 11]

Anti-adhesion of uropathogenic Escherichia coli to the urinary tract lining

Traditional & Indicated Uses

Arthritis / joint pain[1, 2, 11, 12, 13]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 2
Label: Arthritis / joint pain
Inflammation (general)[1, 12, 13]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 1
Label: Inflammation (general)
Respiratory support[1, 6, 12, 13]Traditional · 1/10
Evidence: 1
Label: Respiratory support
Skin irritation[1, 12, 13]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 1
Label: Skin irritation
Swelling / fluid retention[1, 3, 11, 12, 13]Limited · 3/10

inferred from diuretic action

Evidence: 3
Label: Swelling / fluid retention
Urinary support[1, 12, 13]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from diuretic action

Evidence: 1
Label: Urinary support
Urinary tract infection (UTI)[1, 12, 13]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from diuretic action

Evidence: 1
Label: Urinary tract infection (UTI)
Infection (general)[1, 5, 10, 11, 12, 13]Strong · 9/10

Prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections (UTI), especially in women

Evidence: 9
Label: Infection (general)
Urinary support[3, 7, 11]Good · 8/10

inferred from urinary-antiseptic action

Evidence: 8
Label: Urinary support
Urinary tract infection (UTI)[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13]Strong · 10/10

Anti-adhesion of uropathogenic Escherichia coli to the urinary tract lining; Prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections (UTI), especially in women

Evidence: 10
Label: Urinary tract infection (UTI)

Safety, Cautions & Contraindications

Safety note[1, 12, 13]Caution

Labrador tea contains ledol, a toxic sesquiterpene alcohol, particularly concentrated in fresh leaves. Excessive consumption can cause dizziness, headache, nausea, and even toxicity (especially in the related Ledum palustre). Use only in small, controlled amounts. Not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Identify plant correctly — confusion with other bog plants can be dangerous.

Safety note[1, 12, 13, 14]Caution

Duke (2002) rates Labrador tea as + (caution warranted) and notes primarily folkloric activities, with the plant acting as a diuretic, expectorant, and vulnerary. Importantly, Duke classifies it as having narcotic and deliriant potential — large doses can cause intoxication, hallucinations, and toxicity. It contains ericolin and ledol, which are potentially neurotoxic compounds. Duke emphasizes that Labrador tea should be used only with caution and at low doses, and notes that it is not appropriate for regular internal use given its toxicity profile at higher amounts (Duke, 2002).

Safety note[12, 13]Info

Best supported for PREVENTION of recurrent UTIs, not for treating an active infection; an established UTI needs proper medical assessment and, usually, antibiotics.

Safety note[12]Caution

May interact with the anticoagulant warfarin (evidence is conflicting); people taking warfarin should be cautious and consult their clinician.

Safety note[12]Caution

High in oxalates; people with a history of kidney stones should avoid large or prolonged intake. Many cranberry juices are also high in sugar.

External Ids

Gbif: 6400569
Wikidata: Q247714
Gbif: 2882841
Wikidata: Q149397

Botanical Description

Low evergreen shrub (Ericaceae), 30-100 cm tall. Leaves are narrow, leathery, with in-rolled margins and a dense, rust-coloured, woolly felt on the underside, strongly aromatic when crushed. Small white flowers are borne in terminal clusters.[4]

Height: 30-100 cm
Habit: Low evergreen shrub
Leaves: Narrow, leathery, in-rolled margins, rust-coloured woolly felt beneath, aromatic
Flowers: Small, white, in terminal clusters
Stem: Low, woody, evergreen
Root: Fibrous, shallow root system adapted to boggy ground
Fruit: Small dry capsule
Flowering Period: May-July

Low, trailing, evergreen woody vine with small, wiry stems and small, oval, leathery leaves. Small, pink, four-petalled flowers with reflexed petals give way to round to oblong, tart red berries.

Height: 5-20 cm (trailing vine, stems can spread 1-2 m)
Habit: Low, trailing, evergreen woody vine
Leaves: Small, oval, leathery, dark green above and pale beneath
Flowers: Small, pink, four-petalled with reflexed (swept-back) petals
Stem: Wiry, trailing, rooting at nodes
Root: Shallow, fibrous root system
Fruit: Round to oblong, tart, red berry
Flowering Period: May-July

Habitat

Native to boreal and subarctic wetlands across northern Europe, Asia and North America, growing in acidic peat bogs, wet coniferous forest and tundra margins.[1, 4]

Grows in acidic bogs, wetlands and sandy peat soils; native to North America and now widely cultivated commercially, especially in flooded bogs.

Harvesting

Leaves and young stems are gathered, traditionally in late summer, and dried. Only small amounts are used given the plant's ledol/grayanotoxin content, and correct identification against toxic bog look-alikes (bog rosemary) is essential.[6]

Parts: Leaf, Stem
Season: Traditionally late summer

Berries are harvested in autumn when fully red, either dry-picked or by flooding the bog so the berries float (wet harvest) for collection.

Parts: Fruit (berry)
Season: Autumn

Traditional Uses

Labrador tea has a long Indigenous North American and Scandinavian folk-medicine tradition as a mild diuretic and respiratory remedy, and as an aromatic tea and spice, always used in small, cautious amounts given its narcotic/toxic potential at higher doses. Modern phytochemical work confirms anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of its essential oil.[1]

Cranberry has a long Native American and North American folk tradition as a food and remedy for urinary complaints, an association now well supported by modern research showing its A-type proanthocyanidins prevent E. coli from adhering to the urinary tract lining, making it most useful for prevention of recurrent UTIs rather than treatment of an active infection.[13]

Preparations

Infusion (tea)[6]

Dried leaf steeped briefly in hot water, in small quantities only.

Essential oil (external)[2]

Used topically or aromatically; not intended for concentrated internal use.

Juice[13]

Unsweetened or lightly sweetened cranberry juice, taken regularly as a traditional and modern preventive measure for recurrent UTIs.

Standardized tablet/capsule[13]

Standardized proanthocyanidin (PAC) extract in tablet or capsule form, used for UTI prevention in clinical research.

Dosage

Infusion (tea)[1, 12, 13]

Duke (2002) advises using Labrador tea only with caution and at low doses given its narcotic/deliriant potential at higher amounts; it is not appropriate for regular internal use. Educational reference only, not a prescription - use only small, occasional amounts of properly identified leaf.

Juice/extract[13]

Clinical research commonly uses around 36 mg PAC daily (standardized extract) or 240-300 mL unsweetened juice daily for UTI prevention. Educational reference only, not a prescription.

References

REF-0053, REF-0880, REF-0881, REF-0882, REF-0883, REF-0884, REF-0885, REF-0886, REF-0887, REF-0888, REF-0889
REF-1338, REF-1339, REF-1340, REF-1341, REF-1342, REF-1343, REF-1344, REF-1345, REF-1346, REF-1347

Lookalikes Review

Outcome: has-lookalikes
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07
Outcome: none-known
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07

Dangerous Lookalikes

Safety note[15, 16]Dangerous
Dangerous Plant: andromeda-polifolia
Confused Part: Narrow evergreen leaves gathered to brew marsh 'Labrador tea'; toxic bog rosemary shares the same bog habitat and similar narrow evergreen leaves.
Confusion Context: Marsh Labrador tea (Rhododendron tomentosum) is brewed in small amounts as a traditional herbal tea. Bog rosemary (Andromeda polifolia) grows in the same acid bogs and has similar narrow, leathery, evergreen leaves; as bushcraft guidance (Paul Kirtley) warns, it is one of the poisonous bog plants that can be confused with Labrador tea. Bog rosemary contains grayanotoxins, which can cause vomiting, low blood pressure and dangerous slowing of the heart - grayanotoxin poisoning has caused complete heart block. Marsh Labrador tea is itself used only cautiously in tiny doses (it too contains grayanotoxin and ledol), so brewing the wrong bog shrub is a real hazard.
Distinguishing Features: Leaf underside (decisive): marsh Labrador tea has leaves with inrolled margins and a dense rust-coloured woolly felt on the underside, and the crushed leaf is strongly aromatic. Bog rosemary leaves are smooth and pale or whitish underneath, with NO woolly felt and NO aroma., Flowers: bog rosemary has pink, urn-shaped (bell-like) nodding flowers, whereas marsh Labrador tea has clusters of small white flowers., General rule: a bog shrub with narrow evergreen leaves that are smooth and pale beneath and have no smell is NOT Labrador tea.
Key Test: Turn a leaf over and smell it. Marsh Labrador tea has a rusty, woolly felt on the underside of the leaf and a strong aromatic scent. If the underside is smooth and pale with no woolly felt and the leaf has no aroma - especially if the flowers are pink and bell-shaped - it is bog rosemary (or a laurel), which is toxic; do not brew it.
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07

Not documented

Drug Class Interactions

Not documented

Safety note[14, 15]Caution
Drug Class: anticoagulants-antiplatelets
Mechanism: Regularly drinking large amounts of cranberry juice has been linked to raised INR and bleeding in people taking warfarin, and UK drug-safety authorities advise caution; occasional small amounts are unlikely to matter. If you take a blood thinner, keep cranberry intake modest and steady and tell your clinician.
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-03

References & Sources

  1. Dampc, A. and Luczkiewicz, M (2013) 'Rhododendron tomentosum (Ledum palustre): a review of traditional use based on current research', pp. 130--143. Traditional / reference
    https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Rhododendron%20tomentosum%20%28Ledum%20palustre%29%3A%20a%20review%20of%20traditional%20use%20based%20on%20current%20research
  2. Jesionek, A., Kokotkiewicz, A., Mikosik-Roczynska, A., Ciesielska-Figlon, K. and others (2019) 'Chemical variability of Rhododendron tomentosum (Ledum palustre) essential oils and their pro-apoptotic effect on lymphocytes and rheumatoid arthritis synoviocytes', Fitoterapia, 139, pp. 104402. doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2019.104402 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2019.104402
  3. Kang, J.Y., Tran, K.D., Seiff, S.R., Mack, W.P. and Lee, W.W (2017) 'Assessing the Effectiveness of Arnica montana and Rhododendron tomentosum (Ledum palustre) in the Reduction of Ecchymosis and Edema After Oculofacial Surgery: Preliminary Results', Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 33(1), pp. 47-52. doi:10.1097/IOP.0000000000000645 Clinical study
    https://doi.org/10.1097/IOP.0000000000000645
  4. Vengryte, M. and Raudone, L (2024) 'Phytochemical Profiling and Biological Activities of Rhododendron subsect. Ledum: Discovering the Medicinal Potential of Labrador Tea Species in the Northern Hemisphere', Plants (Basel), 13(6), pp. 901. doi:10.3390/plants13060901 Traditional / reference
    https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13060901
  5. Iunusova, D.R., Polezhaeva, M.A. and Marchuk, E.A (2024) 'Confusing boundaries of the Labrador tea species: dispersal history explains the lack of clear species structure', Annals of Botany, 134(6), pp. 959-974. doi:10.1093/aob/mcae130 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcae130
  6. Dampc, A. and Luczkiewicz, M (2014) 'Labrador tea - the aromatic beverage and spice: a review of origin, processing and safety', Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 95(8), pp. 1577-1583. doi:10.1002/jsfa.6889 Traditional / reference
    https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.6889
  7. Jaenson, T.G.T., Palsson, K. and Borg-Karlson, A.K (2005) 'Evaluation of extracts and oils of tick-repellent plants from Sweden', Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 19(4), pp. 345-352. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2915.2005.00578.x Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2915.2005.00578.x
  8. Tattje, D.H.E. and Bos, R (1981) 'Composition of essential oil of Ledum palustre', Planta Medica, 41(3), pp. 303-307. doi:10.1055/s-2007-971719 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-971719
  9. Zhang, K., Wang, J., Chen, L., Li, J. and others (2019) 'Two new taraxerane-type triterpenes from Ledum palustre L', Natural Product Research, 34(19), pp. 2723-2728. doi:10.1080/14786419.2019.1586689 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2019.1586689
  10. Islam, M.N., Khalil, M.I., Islam, M.A. and Gan, S.H (2013) 'Toxic compounds in honey', Journal of Applied Toxicology, 34(7), pp. 733-742. doi:10.1002/jat.2952 Traditional / reference
    https://doi.org/10.1002/jat.2952
  11. Baananou, S., Bagdonaite, E., Marongiu, B., Piras, A. and others (2014) 'Supercritical CO2 extract and essential oil of aerial part of Ledum palustre L. - Chemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity', Natural Product Research, 29(11), pp. 999-1005. doi:10.1080/14786419.2014.965167 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2014.965167
  12. Grieve, M (1931) 'A Modern Herbal'. Traditional / reference
    https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=A%20Modern%20Herbal
  13. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (n.d.). Available at: https://powo.science.kew.org Traditional / reference
    https://powo.science.kew.org
  14. Duke, J.A (2002) 'Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, Second Edition'. Traditional / reference
    https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Handbook%20of%20Medicinal%20Herbs%2C%20Second%20Edition
  15. Kirtley, Paul (2015) 'Labrador Tea - Tonic or Toxic?'. Available at: https://paulkirtley.co.uk/2015/labrador-tea-tonic-or-toxic/ Traditional / reference
    https://paulkirtley.co.uk/2015/labrador-tea-tonic-or-toxic/
  16. Jiang, L. and Zhanxiong, L. and Fengcai, Y. and Fuli, L. and Xiaoling, S (2022) 'Third-degree atrioventricular block caused by intoxication with rhododendron leaves', Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology, 28(2), pp. e13012. doi:10.1111/anec.13012 Clinical study
    https://doi.org/10.1111/anec.13012
  1. Williams, G., Hahn, D., Stephens, J.H., Craig, J.C. and others (2023) 'Cranberries for preventing urinary tract infections', Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 4(4), pp. CD001321. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001321.pub6 Meta-analysis / review
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  2. Mantzorou, M. and Giaginis, C (2018) 'Cranberry Consumption Against Urinary Tract Infections: Clinical State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives', Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 19(13), pp. 1049-1063. doi:10.2174/1389201020666181206104129 Meta-analysis / review
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  3. Fu, Z., Liska, D., Talan, D. and Chung, M (2017) 'Cranberry Reduces the Risk of Urinary Tract Infection Recurrence in Otherwise Healthy Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis', The Journal of Nutrition, 147(12), pp. 2282-2288. doi:10.3945/jn.117.254961 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.117.254961
  4. Xia, J.Y., Yang, C., Xu, D.F., Xia, H. and others (2021) 'Consumption of cranberry as adjuvant therapy for urinary tract infections in susceptible populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis', PLoS One, 16(9), pp. e0256992. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0256992 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256992
  5. Maki, K.C., Kaspar, K.L., Khoo, C., Derrig, L.H. and others (2016) 'Consumption of a cranberry juice beverage lowered the number of clinical urinary tract infection episodes in women with a recent history of urinary tract infection', The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 103(6), pp. 1434-1442. doi:10.3945/ajcn.116.130542 Randomized trial
    https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.116.130542
  6. Babar, A., Moore, L., Leblanc, V., Dudonne, S. and others (2021) 'High dose versus low dose standardized cranberry proanthocyanidin extract for the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infection in healthy women: a double-blind randomized controlled trial', BMC Urology, 21(1), pp. 44. doi:10.1186/s12894-021-00811-w Randomized trial
    https://doi.org/10.1186/s12894-021-00811-w
  7. Perez-Lopez, F.R., Haya, J. and Chedraui, P (2009) 'Vaccinium macrocarpon: an interesting option for women with recurrent urinary tract infections and other health benefits', Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research, 35(4), pp. 630-639. doi:10.1111/j.1447-0756.2009.01026.x Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0756.2009.01026.x
  8. Nemzer, B.V., Al-Taher, F., Yashin, A., Revelsky, I. and others (2022) 'Cranberry: Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Activity and Impact on Human Health: Overview', Molecules, 27(5), pp. 1503. doi:10.3390/molecules27051503 Meta-analysis / review
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  10. Tsiakoulias, E., Gravas, S., Hadjichristodoulou, C., Oikonomou, K.G. and others (2024) 'Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded study of prophylactic cranberries use in women with recurrent uncomplicated cystitis', World Journal of Urology, 42(1), pp. 27. doi:10.1007/s00345-023-04741-0 Randomized trial
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  12. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) (2020) 'Cranberry: Usefulness and Safety'. Available at: https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/cranberry Traditional / reference
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  13. Moro, C., Phelps, C., Veer, V., Jones, M., Glasziou, P., Clark, J., Tikkinen, K.A.O. and Scott, A.M (2024) 'Cranberry Juice, Cranberry Tablets, or Liquid Therapies for Urinary Tract Infection: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis', European Urology Focus. doi:10.1016/j.euf.2024.07.002 Meta-analysis / review
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  14. Aston, J.L., Lodolce, A.E. and Shapiro, N.L (2006) 'Interaction between warfarin and cranberry juice', Pharmacotherapy, 26(9), pp. 1314-1319. doi:10.1592/phco.26.9.1314 Meta-analysis / review
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Generated automatically from the Omnia Sana plant database and its cited sources. For educational purposes only — not medical advice. Always consult a qualified practitioner before using medicinal plants.