Plant Comparison

Anise vs Breckland Thyme

A side-by-side comparison of two medicinal plants — every documented constituent, action, use, safety note and cited source, assembled automatically from the Omnia Sana database.

First plant

Second plant

Plant AAnisePimpinella anisumApiaceaeFull monograph →

Plant BBreckland ThymeThymus serpyllumLamiaceaeFull monograph →

At a glance

Anise and Breckland Thyme: they share 8 indicated uses (arthritis / joint pain, cancer (anticancer research), indigestion, …); 4 pharmacological actions in common.

AniseBreckland Thyme

Constituents33

Pharmacological actions65

Indicated uses129

Safety notes22

Cited sources1914

Indicated uses

Only Anise

Back painBloatingHeadachePain (general)

Shared (8)

Arthritis / joint painCancer (anticancer research)IndigestionInfection (general)Inflammation (general)Respiratory supportSkin irritationWounds

Only Breckland Thyme

Acid reflux

Pharmacological actions

Only Anise

Analgesic (pain relief)Digestive aid

Shared (4)

Anti-inflammatoryAnticancer (preclinical)AntimicrobialAntioxidant

Only Breckland Thyme

Gastroprotective

Evidence face-off — shared uses

Condition	Anise	Breckland Thyme	Verdict
Arthritis / joint pain	1/10	1/10	Comparable evidence
Cancer (anticancer research)	2/10	2/10	Comparable evidence
Indigestion	1/10	1/10	Comparable evidence
Infection (general)	2/10	1/10	Comparable evidence
Inflammation (general)	1/10	1/10	Comparable evidence
Respiratory support	1/10	1/10	Comparable evidence
Skin irritation	2/10	1/10	Comparable evidence
Wounds	2/10	1/10	Comparable evidence

Evidence scores (1–10) are computed from the tier of each cited source. “Comparable” means the two scores are within one point. Follow a score to its detailed sources.

Key Constituents

Essential oil (trans-anethole)^{[3, 10]}

Trans-anethole typically makes up the great majority of the volatile oil and gives anise its characteristic liquorice aroma and much of its digestive and antimicrobial activity.

Essential (volatile) oil

Flavonoids and phenolic compounds^[5]

Contribute to antioxidant activity.

FlavonoidsPhenolic compounds

Fixed oil and fatty acids^[8]

The fruit's lipid fraction.

Essential oil (thymol, carvacrol, p-cymene)^[2]

The volatile oil, dominated by thymol and carvacrol, gives most of the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity.

Essential (volatile) oilThymolCarvacrolTerpenes / terpenoids

Phenolic acids and flavonoids (rosmarinic acid, luteolin)^[3]

Contribute additional antioxidant activity.

Rosmarinic acidPhenolic acidsFlavonoidsLuteolin

Triterpenes (ursolic acid, oleanolic acid)^[1]

Minor constituents studied for anti-inflammatory activity.

Pharmacological Actions

Analgesic (pain relief)^{[11, 12, 13, 14, 15]}

Anti-inflammatory^{[2, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15]}

Anticancer (preclinical)^[9]

Antimicrobial^{[7, 8, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15]}

Antioxidant^{[3, 4, 5, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15]}

Digestive aid^{[6, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15]}

Anti-inflammatory^{[1, 6, 11, 12, 13]}

Anticancer (preclinical)^[9]

Antimicrobial^{[1, 4, 5, 6, 11, 12, 13]}

Antioxidant^{[1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 11, 12, 13]}

Gastroprotective^{[11, 12, 13]}

Traditional & Indicated Uses

Arthritis / joint pain^{[11, 12, 13, 14, 15]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 1

Label: Arthritis / joint pain

Back pain^{[11, 12, 13, 14, 15]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from analgesic action

Evidence: 1

Label: Back pain

Bloating^{[11, 12, 13, 14, 15]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from digestive action

Evidence: 1

Label: Bloating

Cancer (anticancer research)^[9]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from anticancer action

Evidence: 2

Label: Cancer (anticancer research)

Headache^{[11, 12, 13, 14, 15]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from analgesic action

Evidence: 1

Label: Headache

Indigestion^{[11, 12, 13, 14, 15]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from digestive action

Evidence: 1

Label: Indigestion

Infection (general)^{[8, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15]}Traditional · 2/10

inferred from antimicrobial action

Evidence: 2

Label: Infection (general)

Inflammation (general)^{[11, 12, 13, 14, 15]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 1

Label: Inflammation (general)

Pain (general)^{[11, 12, 13, 14, 15]}Traditional · 1/10

Evidence: 1

Label: Pain (general)

Respiratory support^{[11, 12, 13, 14, 15]}Traditional · 1/10

Evidence: 1

Label: Respiratory support

Skin irritation^{[2, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15]}Traditional · 2/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 2

Label: Skin irritation

Wounds^{[2, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15]}Traditional · 2/10

inferred from antimicrobial action

Evidence: 2

Label: Wounds

Acid reflux^{[11, 12, 13]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from gastroprotective action

Evidence: 1

Label: Acid reflux

Arthritis / joint pain^{[11, 12, 13]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 1

Label: Arthritis / joint pain

Cancer (anticancer research)^[9]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from anticancer action

Evidence: 2

Label: Cancer (anticancer research)

Indigestion^{[11, 12, 13]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from gastroprotective action

Evidence: 1

Label: Indigestion

Infection (general)^{[11, 12, 13]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from antimicrobial action

Evidence: 1

Label: Infection (general)

Inflammation (general)^{[11, 12, 13]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 1

Label: Inflammation (general)

Respiratory support^{[11, 12, 13]}Traditional · 1/10

Evidence: 1

Label: Respiratory support

Skin irritation^{[11, 12, 13]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 1

Label: Skin irritation

Wounds^{[11, 12, 13]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from antimicrobial action

Evidence: 1

Label: Wounds

Safety, Cautions & Contraindications

Safety note^{[11, 12, 13, 14, 15]}Caution

Generally safe when consumed in food amounts. Doses up to 20g daily considered safe for adults. May cause allergic reactions in some people. Caution advised during pregnancy and breastfeeding - stick to food amounts. Anethole can be toxic at high concentrations, particularly to the nervous system. Not enough safety data for medicinal use in children.

Safety note^{[11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16]}Info

Duke (2002) provides clinical evidence (score 2) for anise as an antibacterial, antiseptic, antispasmodic, and expectorant. It has demonstrated estrogenic activity and is used as a clinically supported lactagogue to promote milk production. Commission E and WHO have both approved its use for catarrh and gastrointestinal spasms. Typical dosages are 0.5–1 g crushed seed three times per day in tea, or 0.05–0.2 ml of the fruit essential oil (Duke, 2002).

Safety note^{[11, 12, 13]}Caution

Generally safe at culinary doses. Essential oil is highly concentrated and must be diluted before topical use; undiluted application can cause skin sensitisation. Not recommended internally during pregnancy (uterine stimulant effects possible). Phenol-rich thyme preparations should be avoided long-term in high doses. May potentiate anticoagulant medications.

Safety note^{[11, 12, 13, 14]}Info

Duke (2002) rates Thymus vulgaris (garden thyme, closely related to breckland thyme) as +++ with clinical evidence (score 2) for antibacterial, bronchospasmolytic, and antispasmodic activities, consistent with Commission E and WHO approvals for bronchitis and upper respiratory catarrh. The primary active constituent is thymol, with carvacrol as a secondary compound. Dose: 1–2 g dried herb as tea three times daily. The plant demonstrates COX-2 inhibitory activity and calcium antagonism, which may explain its antispasmodic effects (Duke, 2002).

External Ids

Gbif: 8080300

Wikidata: Q28692

Gbif: 6409622

Wikidata: Q147251

Botanical Description

Annual herb (Apiaceae), 30-60 cm tall, with an erect, downy stem. Lower leaves are rounded and toothed or shallowly lobed, while upper leaves are finely feathery and pinnately divided. Small white flowers are borne in compound umbels, followed by small, ridged, downy fruit ('aniseed') with a strong, sweet, liquorice scent.

Height: 30-60 cm

Habit: Erect, downy annual herb

Leaves: Lower leaves rounded/toothed; upper leaves finely feathery, pinnately divided

Flowers: Small, white, in compound umbels

Stem: Erect, downy

Root: Slender taproot

Fruit: Small, ridged, downy, sweetly liquorice-scented fruit ("aniseed")

Flowering Period: July-August

Low, mat-forming, aromatic perennial subshrub with tiny, oval, strongly aromatic leaves on trailing, wiry, hairy stems that root as they spread. Small, pinkish-purple, two-lipped flowers are borne in dense whorled clusters at the stem tips.

Height: 2-10 cm (mat-forming, trailing)

Habit: Low, mat-forming, aromatic perennial subshrub

Leaves: Tiny, oval, strongly aromatic

Flowers: Small, pinkish-purple, two-lipped, in dense whorled terminal clusters

Stem: Trailing, wiry, hairy, rooting as it spreads

Root: Fine, fibrous roots along the creeping stem

Fruit: Small nutlet

Flowering Period: May-September

Habitat

Native to the eastern Mediterranean and south-west Asia, widely cultivated as a spice and medicinal crop in warm-temperate regions worldwide, needing a long, warm growing season and well-drained soil.

Grows on dry, sunny heath, grassland, rocky ground and sandy soils; native to Europe and widely distributed across the northern temperate zone.

Harvesting

Fruit ('seed') is harvested in late summer once the umbels have dried and turned brown, then threshed and dried further.

Parts: Fruit, Seed

Season: Late summer, once umbels have dried

The flowering aerial parts (flower and leaf) are cut at the start of flowering in summer and dried in a warm, shaded, airy place.

Parts: Flower, Leaf

Season: Summer, at start of flowering

Traditional Uses

Anise has a long Mediterranean and Middle Eastern tradition as a carminative digestive remedy for bloating and indigestion, an expectorant for coughs and catarrh, and a traditional galactagogue (milk-promoting) herb for nursing mothers. Commission E and WHO both approve its traditional use for catarrh of the upper respiratory tract and gastrointestinal spasms.^{[11, 12, 13, 14, 15]}

Wild thyme has a long European folk tradition, closely paralleling its relative garden thyme, as an antimicrobial and expectorant remedy for coughs and respiratory infections, a digestive/gastroprotective herb, and a topical antiseptic.^{[11, 12, 13]}

Preparations

Crushed seed infusion (tea)^{[11, 12, 13, 14, 15]}

The classic carminative preparation: crushed seed steeped in hot water.

Essential oil^{[11, 12, 13, 14, 15]}

Concentrated aromatic fruit oil, used in small measured amounts in traditional formulations.

Infusion^[12]

Dried flowering herb infused in hot water as a traditional respiratory and digestive tea.

Dosage

Crushed seed / essential oil^{[11, 12, 13, 14, 15]}

Duke (2002): about 0.5-1 g crushed seed three times daily in tea, or 0.05-0.2 mL of the fruit essential oil. Food amounts up to about 20 g/day are generally considered safe for adults. Avoid medicinal doses in pregnancy and in children given limited safety data. Educational reference only, not a prescription.

Not documented

References

REF-1407, REF-1408, REF-1409, REF-1410, REF-1411, REF-1412, REF-1413, REF-1414, REF-1415, REF-1416

REF-1094, REF-1095, REF-1096, REF-1097, REF-1098, REF-1099, REF-1100, REF-1101, REF-1102, REF-1103

Lookalikes Review

Outcome: has-lookalikes

Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)

Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07

Outcome: none-known

Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)

Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07

Dangerous Lookalikes

Safety note^{[17, 18, 19]}Fatal

Dangerous Plant: conium-maculatum

Confused Part: The plant's foliage - lower leaves broad and parsley-like, upper leaves fine and lace-like - and the umbels of small white flowers, plus the aromatic seeds, which resemble poison hemlock; and hemlock seedlings volunteering among planted anise.

Confusion Context: Anise (Pimpinella anisum) is a parsley-family herb that poison hemlock (Conium maculatum) is documented to resemble. King County (Washington) lists anise among the edible parsley-family plants poison hemlock can be confused with, and the North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox lists Pimpinella anisum among the plants commonly confused with poison hemlock. Conium contains coniine and kills by ascending paralysis and respiratory failure - a few leaves or seeds can be fatal. Documented anise-specific poisonings are sparse, so the value of this record is the rock-solid tests below rather than a claim that this exact swap is common.

Distinguishing Features: SMELL (decisive): crushed anise foliage and seed smell sweet and strongly of licorice/aniseed. Poison hemlock smells rank, musty and mouse-like, with no sweet licorice note., Stem: poison hemlock has a hairless, hollow stem conspicuously blotched and streaked with red-purple, especially near the base. Anise stems are plain green and never carry purple blotches., Stature: poison hemlock is a tall (often 1.5-3 m) branching biennial; cultivated anise is a small annual usually under 0.6 m. A large fern-leaved umbellifer with a purple-blotched stem is not anise.

Key Test: Crush a leaf or seed and smell it, and look at the stem. A sweet licorice/aniseed scent with a plain green stem = anise. A musty/mousy smell and/or a hairless stem with red-purple blotches = poison hemlock - do not eat. If either warning sign is present, discard it.

Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)

Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07

Not documented

References & Sources

Samojlik, I., Petkovic, S., Stilinovic, N., Vukmirovic, S. and others (2016) 'Pharmacokinetic Herb-Drug Interaction between Essential Oil of Aniseed (Pimpinella anisum L., Apiaceae) and Acetaminophen and Caffeine: A Potential Risk for Clinical Practice', Phytotherapy Research, 30(2), pp. 253-259. doi:10.1002/ptr.5523 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.5523
Hashemnia, M., Nikousefat, Z., Mohammadalipour, A., Zangeneh, M.M. and others (2019) 'Wound healing activity of Pimpinella anisum methanolic extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats', Journal of Wound Care, 28(Sup10), pp. S26-S36. doi:10.12968/jowc.2019.28.Sup10.S26 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.12968/jowc.2019.28.Sup10.S26
Samojlik, I., Mijatovic, V., Petkovic, S., Skrbic, B. and others (2012) 'The influence of essential oil of aniseed (Pimpinella anisum, L.) on drug effects on the central nervous system', Fitoterapia, 83(8), pp. 1466-1473. doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2012.08.012 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2012.08.012
Changizi-Ashtiyani, S., Seddigh, A., Najafi, H., Hossaini, N. and others (2017) 'Pimpinella anisum L. ethanolic extract ameliorates the gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats', Nephrology (Carlton), 22(2), pp. 133-138. doi:10.1111/nep.12953 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1111/nep.12953
Mushtaq, A., Habib, F., Manea, R., Anwar, R. and others (2023) 'Biomolecular Screening of Pimpinella anisum L. for Antioxidant and Anticholinesterase Activity in Mice Brain', Molecules, 28(5), pp. 2217. doi:10.3390/molecules28052217 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28052217
Alotaibi, M.F (2020) 'Pimpinella anisum extract attenuates spontaneous and agonist-induced uterine contraction in term-pregnant rats', Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 254, pp. 112730. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2020.112730 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2020.112730
Dawoud, T. and Ameen, F (2023) 'Unveiling the bioactive potential of Pimpinella anisum L. leaf extracts: Chromatographic profiling, antimicrobial efficiency, and cytotoxicity analysis', Biomedical Chromatography, 37(12), pp. e5739. doi:10.1002/bmc.5739 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1002/bmc.5739
Alrasheid, A.A., Kabbashi, A.S., Ali, A.O., Alrasheed, A.A. and others (2024) 'Nutritional Value and in vitro Antigiardial Activity of Anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) Seeds', Chemistry & Biodiversity, 21(3), pp. e202301254. doi:10.1002/cbdv.202301254 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.202301254
Almaimani, G., Jabbar, A.A.J., Ibrahim, I.A.A., Alzahrani, A.R. and others (2024) 'Anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) attenuates azoxymethane-induced colorectal cancer by antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic pathways in rats', Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 31(3), pp. 4439-4452. doi:10.1007/s11356-023-31349-z Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-31349-z
Shrief, A.I., Abdel-Hamid, A.A.M., Moustafa, A. and El-Mohandes, E (2022) 'The possible protective role of Pimpinella anisum oil versus selenium on aspartame induced changes in rat cerebellar cortex', Ultrastructural Pathology, 46(6), pp. 497-510. doi:10.1080/01913123.2022.2136809 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1080/01913123.2022.2136809
Jaradat N, et al. A Multidimensional Review of Pimpinella anisum. Molecules. 2023. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10035495/ (2023) 'https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10035495/'. Available at: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10035495/ Traditional / reference
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10035495/
McCormick Science Institute. Anise Potential Health Benefits. https://www.mccormickscienceinstitute.com/our-research/scientific-overviews/anise-potential-health-benefits. Available at: https://www.mccormickscienceinstitute.com/our-research/scientific-overviews/anise-potential-health-benefits Traditional / reference
https://www.mccormickscienceinstitute.com/our-research/scientific-overviews/anise-potential-health-benefits
Shahrajabian MH, Sun W, Cheng Q. Anise (2019) ';5(1)', 5(1). doi:10.1080/23312025.2019.1673688 Traditional / reference
https://doi.org/10.1080/23312025.2019.1673688
Shojaii A, Abdollahi Fard M. Review of pharmacological properties and chemical constituents of Pimpinella anisum. ISRN Pharm. 2012;2012:510795. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3405664/ (2012) ';2012:510795'. Available at: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3405664/ Traditional / reference
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3405664/
Singletary KW. Anise: Potential Health Benefits. Nutrition Today. 2022;57 (2022) ';57(2):73-80', 57(2). Available at: https://journals.lww.com/nutritiontodayonline/fulltext/2022/03000/anise__potential_health_benefits.10.aspx Traditional / reference
https://journals.lww.com/nutritiontodayonline/fulltext/2022/03000/anise__potential_health_benefits.10.aspx
Duke, J.A (2002) 'Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, Second Edition'. Traditional / reference
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Handbook%20of%20Medicinal%20Herbs%2C%20Second%20Edition
King County Noxious Weeds (2024) 'Poison hemlock (Conium maculatum) identification and control'. Available at: https://kingcounty.gov/en/dept/dnrp/nature-recreation/environment-ecology-conservation/noxious-weeds/identification-control/poison-hemlock Traditional / reference
https://kingcounty.gov/en/dept/dnrp/nature-recreation/environment-ecology-conservation/noxious-weeds/identification-control/poison-hemlock
North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox (2024) 'Conium maculatum (Poison Hemlock)'. Available at: https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/conium-maculatum/ Traditional / reference
https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/conium-maculatum/
Dayan, A.D (2024) 'Death of Socrates: a likely case of poison hemlock (Conium maculatum) poisoning', Clinical Toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.), 62(1), pp. 56-60. doi:10.1080/15563650.2024.2309328 Clinical study
https://doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2024.2309328

Jalil, B., Pischel, I., Feistel, B., Suarez, C. and others (2024) 'Wild thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.): a review of the current evidence of nutritional and preventive health benefits', Frontiers in Nutrition, 11, pp. 1380962. doi:10.3389/fnut.2024.1380962 Meta-analysis / review
https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1380962
Sonmezdag, A.S., Kelebek, H. and Selli, S (2016) 'Characterization of aroma-active and phenolic profiles of wild thyme (Thymus serpyllum) by GC-MS-Olfactometry and LC-ESI-MS/MS', Journal of Food Science and Technology, 53(4), pp. 1957-1965. doi:10.1007/s13197-015-2144-1 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-015-2144-1
Pavlic, B., Mrkonjic, Z., Teslic, N., Kljakic, A.C. and others (2022) 'Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent (NADES) Extraction Improves Polyphenol Yield and Antioxidant Activity of Wild Thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) Extracts', Molecules, 27(5), pp. 1508. doi:10.3390/molecules27051508 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27051508
Mrkonjic, Z., Kaplan, M., Milosevic, S., Bozovic, D. and others (2024) 'Green Extraction Approach for Isolation of Bioactive Compounds in Wild Thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) Herbal Dust-Chemical Profile, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity and Comparison with Conventional Techniques', Plants, 13(6), pp. 897. doi:10.3390/plants13060897 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13060897
Sokolic-Mihalak, D., Frece, J., Slavica, A., Delas, F. and others (2012) 'The effects of wild thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) essential oil components against ochratoxin-producing Aspergilli', Arhiv za Higijenu Rada i Toksikologiju, 63(4), pp. 457-462. doi:10.2478/10004-1254-63-2012-2309 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.2478/10004-1254-63-2012-2309
Jaric, S., Mitrovic, M. and Pavlovic, P (2015) 'Review of Ethnobotanical, Phytochemical, and Pharmacological Study of Thymus serpyllum L', Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2015, pp. 101978. doi:10.1155/2015/101978 Meta-analysis / review
https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/101978
Loziene, K., Vaiciuniene, J. and Venskutonis, P.R (1998) 'Chemical composition of the essential oil of creeping thyme (Thymus serpyllum s.l.) growing wild in Lithuania', Planta Medica, 64(8), pp. 772-773. doi:10.1055/s-2006-957582 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-957582
Raal, A., Paaver, U., Arak, E. and Orav, A (2004) 'Content and composition of the essential oil of Thymus serpyllum L. growing wild in Estonia', Medicina (Kaunas), 40(8), pp. 795-800. Preclinical
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Content%20and%20composition%20of%20the%20essential%20oil%20of%20Thymus%20serpyllum%20L.%20growing%20wild%20in%20Estonia
Bozkurt, E., Atmaca, H., Kisim, A., Uzunoglu, S. and others (2012) 'Effects of Thymus serpyllum extract on cell proliferation, apoptosis and epigenetic events in human breast cancer cells', Nutrition and Cancer, 64(8), pp. 1245-1250. doi:10.1080/01635581.2012.719658 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2012.719658
Jovanovic, A.A., Levic, S.M., Pavlovic, V.B., Markovic, S.B. and others (2021) 'Freeze vs. Spray Drying for Dry Wild Thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) Extract Formulations: The Impact of Gelatin as a Coating Material', Molecules, 26(13), pp. 3933. doi:10.3390/molecules26133933 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26133933
European Medicines Agency (2010) 'Assessment report on Thymus vulgaris L., herba and Thymus zygis L., herba'. Traditional / reference
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Assessment%20report%20on%20Thymus%20vulgaris%20L.%2C%20herba%20and%20Thymus%20zygis%20L.%2C%20herba
Kempe, K., Doerfler, G., Bader, D. and Wicht, M (2011) 'Activity of Thymus serpyllum against oral pathogens', 9(1), pp. 23--28. Traditional / reference
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Activity%20of%20Thymus%20serpyllum%20against%20oral%20pathogens
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (n.d.). Available at: https://powo.science.kew.org Traditional / reference
https://powo.science.kew.org
Duke, J.A (2002) 'Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, Second Edition'. Traditional / reference
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Handbook%20of%20Medicinal%20Herbs%2C%20Second%20Edition

Anise monograph Breckland Thyme monograph Compare other plants

Generated automatically from the Omnia Sana plant database and its cited sources. For educational purposes only — not medical advice. Always consult a qualified practitioner before using medicinal plants.