Plant Comparison

Chaga vs Dog-rose

A side-by-side comparison of two medicinal plants — every documented constituent, action, use, safety note and cited source, assembled automatically from the Omnia Sana database.

First plant
Second plant
Show:
Plant AChagaInonotus obliquusHymenochaetaceaeFull monograph →
Plant BDog-roseRosa caninaRosaceaeFull monograph →

At a glance

Chaga and Dog-rose: they share 6 indicated uses (arthritis / joint pain, cancer (anticancer research), inflammation (general), …); 3 pharmacological actions in common.

ChagaDog-rose
Constituents34
Pharmacological actions103
Indicated uses117
Safety notes22
Cited sources4123
Indicated uses
Only Chaga
Cold & fluImmune supportInfection (general)WoundsCardiovascular / heart health
Shared (6)
Arthritis / joint painCancer (anticancer research)Inflammation (general)Metabolic supportSkin irritationCognitive function
Only Dog-rose
Urinary tract infection (UTI)
Pharmacological actions
Only Chaga
AntimicrobialImmunomodulator / immune supportNephroprotective (kidney support)Neuroprotective / cognition supportAntidiabetic (blood-sugar lowering)Hepatoprotective (liver support)Lipid-lowering
Shared (3)
Anti-inflammatoryAnticancer (preclinical)Antioxidant
Only Dog-rose
none

Evidence face-off — shared uses

ConditionChagaDog-roseVerdict
Arthritis / joint pain1/1010/10Stronger for Dog-rose
Cancer (anticancer research)2/102/10Comparable evidence
Inflammation (general)1/108/10Stronger for Dog-rose
Metabolic support1/107/10Stronger for Dog-rose
Skin irritation1/107/10Stronger for Dog-rose
Cognitive function2/102/10Comparable evidence

Evidence scores (1–10) are computed from the tier of each cited source. “Comparable” means the two scores are within one point. Follow a score to its detailed sources.

Key Constituents

Melanin-rich pigments and betulinic acid derivatives[1]

Chaga's dark colour comes from melanin-like pigments; it also concentrates betulinic-acid-type triterpenes absorbed from its birch host, associated with antioxidant and anticancer research interest.

Polysaccharides (beta-glucans)[4]

Immunomodulatory polysaccharides contributing to the traditional tonic and immune-support use.

Polysaccharides
Phenolic compounds[4]

Antioxidant phenolics contributing to chaga's free-radical-scavenging activity.

Phenolic compounds
Vitamin C and carotenoids[5, 13]

The hip is exceptionally rich in vitamin C and carotenoids, underpinning its traditional tonic use. Quantified in commercial dried fruit at beta-carotene 7.25 mg/100 g and lycopene 2.34 mg/100 g fresh weight.

Carotenoids
Galactolipid (GOPO)[2]

A specific galactolipid fraction studied as the likely active anti-inflammatory constituent in osteoarthritis trials of standardised rosehip powder.

Flavonoids and tannins[4, 14]

Contribute to antioxidant activity. Leaves carry a higher total phenolic, flavonoid and phenolic-acid content than the hips, and leaf infusions were the only preparation to show antibacterial activity in vitro.

FlavonoidsTannins
Seed oil (unsaturated fatty acids, tocopherols, phytosterols)[15]

Cold-pressed rose hip seed oil is high in linolenic acid, with phytosterols up to 6485 mg/kg, tocopherols up to 1125 mg/kg and carotenoids up to 108 mg/kg; p-coumaric acid methyl ester predominates among its phenolics.

Phytosterols

Pharmacological Actions

Anti-inflammatory[4, 5, 9, 13, 15, 19, 27, 30, 38, 39, 40]
Anticancer (preclinical)[15, 17, 21, 22, 26, 28, 31, 38]
Antimicrobial[38, 39, 40]
Antioxidant[8, 10, 12, 29, 35, 38, 39, 40]
Immunomodulator / immune support[2, 4, 7, 14, 16, 19, 26, 32, 37, 38, 39, 40]
Nephroprotective (kidney support)[20]
Neuroprotective / cognition support[24, 35]
Antidiabetic (blood-sugar lowering)[25, 31, 34, 36]
Hepatoprotective (liver support)[28]
Lipid-lowering[33, 36]
Anti-inflammatory[1, 2, 16, 17, 18]

In vitro, the lipophilic (n-hexane and dichloromethane) rose hip extracts inhibited COX-1, COX-2 and 5-LOX-mediated leukotriene B4 formation; the aqueous and methanol extracts were inactive.

Anticancer (preclinical)[4]
Antioxidant[2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18]

Traditional & Indicated Uses

Arthritis / joint pain[38, 39, 40]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 1
Label: Arthritis / joint pain
Cancer (anticancer research)[15, 21, 38]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from anticancer action

Evidence: 2
Label: Cancer (anticancer research)
Cold & flu[38, 39, 40]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from immunomodulator action

Evidence: 1
Label: Cold & flu
Immune support[14, 38, 39, 40]Traditional · 2/10
Evidence: 2
Label: Immune support
Infection (general)[38, 39, 40]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from antimicrobial action

Evidence: 1
Label: Infection (general)
Inflammation (general)[38, 39, 40]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 1
Label: Inflammation (general)
Metabolic support[38, 39, 40]Traditional · 1/10
Evidence: 1
Label: Metabolic support
Skin irritation[38, 39, 40]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 1
Label: Skin irritation
Wounds[38, 39, 40]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from antimicrobial action

Evidence: 1
Label: Wounds
Cognitive function[24, 35]Traditional · 2/10

Chaga-derived 3,4-DHBA protected against Parkinson's-related neurotoxicity (preclinical).

Evidence: 2
Label: Cognitive function
Cardiovascular / heart health[33]Traditional · 2/10

Chaga polysaccharide lowered lipids in vivo and in vitro.

Evidence: 2
Label: Cardiovascular / heart health
Arthritis / joint pain[1, 2, 16, 17, 19, 20]Strong · 10/10

Two placebo-controlled crossover RCTs of standardised rosehip powder (5 g/day) report reduced WOMAC pain and reduced rescue-medication use in knee/hip osteoarthritis, consistent with the existing meta-analysis.

Evidence: 10
Label: Arthritis / joint pain
Cancer (anticancer research)[4]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from anticancer action

Evidence: 2
Label: Cancer (anticancer research)
Cognitive function[21]Traditional · 2/10

Animal evidence only. In high-fat-diet/streptozotocin diabetic rats, R. canina ethanol extract (250 mg/kg) improved recall and long-term memory and reduced hippocampal insulin resistance, amyloid-beta and acetylcholinesterase activity. No human data; the effect is reported in a diabetes model, not in healthy or cognitively impaired people.

Evidence: 2
Label: Cognitive function
Inflammation (general)[2, 16, 17]Good · 8/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 8
Label: Inflammation (general)
Metabolic support[3, 6, 16, 17, 21]Good · 7/10
Evidence: 7
Label: Metabolic support
Skin irritation[8, 16, 17]Good · 7/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 7
Label: Skin irritation
Urinary tract infection (UTI)[22]Moderate · 5/10

One triple-blind placebo-controlled RCT (n=400) found that 500 mg R. canina fruit capsules twice daily for 20 days after caesarean section reduced the incidence of urinary tract infection. The incidence of cystitis specifically did not differ significantly between groups. Prevention in a post-surgical population; not evidence for treating an established UTI.

Evidence: 5
Label: Urinary tract infection (UTI)

Safety, Cautions & Contraindications

Safety note[38, 39, 40]Caution

Autoimmune conditions: Chaga can stimulate parts of the immune system—people with autoimmune diseases should be cautious.Blood thinners: Chaga contains compounds that may affect clotting—avoid large doses if on anticoagulants.Blood sugar meds: May slightly lower glucose—monitor if taking diabetes medication.Pregnancy & breastfeeding: Limited safety data—best avoided unless guided by a professional.Quality matters: Wild-harvested Chaga can accumulate heavy metals from trees and soil—source from reputable suppliers.

Safety note[38, 39, 40, 41]Info

Duke (2002) does not include a dedicated entry for chaga (Inonotus obliquus) in the Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, Second Edition, as this medicinal fungus was not widely documented in Western herbal literature at that time (Duke, 2002).

Safety note[16, 17]Info

Rosa canina (dog rose) hips are generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for consumption, widely used in teas, jams, and supplements. They are highly nutritious but may cause minor digestive upset (nausea, diarrhea) in some users. The small, irritating hairs around the seeds should be removed before consumption.

Safety note[16, 17, 23]Info

Duke (2002) rates dog rose hips as +++ with clinical evidence (score 2) for astringent activity and experimental support for antioxidant and diuretic effects. Dog rose hips are exceptionally rich in vitamin C and bioflavonoids. They are traditionally used for cold and influenza prevention, urinary tract health, and mild diarrhea. Duke notes the diuretic (score 1) and lipoxygenase-inhibitory activities as experimentally documented. The fruit is considered food-grade safe (Duke, 2002).

External Ids

Gbif: 2521089
Wikidata: Q1956937
Gbif: 3002461
Wikidata: Q146066

Botanical Description

Parasitic wood-decay fungus (not a true plant) that grows almost entirely inside the trunk of living birch trees, visible externally only as a hard, black, cracked, charcoal-like mass (a sclerotium, sometimes called a 'conk') erupting through the bark. Unlike typical mushrooms, chaga has no true cap, gills or stem; its fertile spore-producing surface develops later, hidden beneath the bark after the tree dies.[1]

Height: External mass 10-40 cm
Habit: Parasitic wood-decay fungus, growing mostly inside the host tree
Leaves: Not applicable (fungus)
Flowers: Not applicable (fungus); reproduces by spores
Stem: No true cap-and-stem structure; visible only as a hard black external mass (sclerotium)
Root: Fungal mycelium spreading through the living wood of the host tree
Fruit: Fertile spore-producing layer develops hidden beneath the bark, typically after the host tree dies
Flowering Period: The visible black mass persists and grows for years; not a seasonal fruiting body

Scrambling, thorny deciduous shrub (Rosaceae), 1-5 m, with arching, prickly stems bearing hooked thorns. Leaves are pinnate with 5-7 oval, toothed leaflets. Pale pink to white, five-petalled flowers are followed by bright red-orange, egg-shaped hips (the fleshy hip is an accessory fruit; the true fruits are small hairy achenes inside it) that ripen in autumn and often persist into winter.[2]

Height: 1-5 m
Habit: Scrambling, thorny deciduous shrub
Leaves: Pinnate, 5-7 oval, toothed leaflets
Flowers: Pale pink to white, five-petalled
Stem: Arching, prickly, with hooked thorns
Root: Deep, woody root system
Fruit: Bright red-orange, egg-shaped hip (accessory fruit) containing small hairy achenes
Flowering Period: June-July; hips ripen August-October

Habitat

Grows almost exclusively as a parasite on living birch trees in cold, northern temperate and boreal forests of Europe, Russia, North America and Asia.[1]

Native throughout Europe, north-west Africa and western Asia, common in hedgerows, woodland edges, scrub and roadside verges on a wide range of soils.[2]

Harvesting

The hard black external mass (conk) is chopped or broken away from the living birch trunk, ideally without killing the tree, then dried and broken into pieces or ground for use; sustainable harvesting (leaving part of the conk to regrow) is recommended given the fungus's slow growth.

Parts: Mycelium, Whole Plant

Hips are picked in autumn once fully coloured, then dried for tea or powder, or processed fresh for syrup. The fine, irritant hairs surrounding the seeds inside the hip must be removed before consumption.[5]

Parts: Fruit (hip), Petals, Seed
Season: Autumn

Traditional Uses

Chaga has a long traditional use in Russian, Siberian, Baltic and Scandinavian folk medicine as a tonic remedy for digestive complaints, immune support and general vitality, traditionally taken as a dark, tea-like decoction; this traditional tonic reputation is now studied for its antioxidant, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties.[1, 4]

Rosehip has a long European folk tradition as a vitamin-C-rich tonic for colds and general immunity, and as a mild diuretic and astringent for urinary and digestive complaints. Modern clinical trials on standardised rosehip powder show a modest, reproducible benefit for osteoarthritis pain and stiffness.[1, 2]

Preparations

Decoction[1]

Chunks of the dried black conk simmered gently in water for an extended period, producing a dark, tea-like traditional tonic.

Standardised extract[4]

Extract standardised to polysaccharide or polyphenol content, taken as capsules or powder.

Rosehip powder (standardised, seedless)[1]

The form used in osteoarthritis clinical trials.

References

REF-0848, REF-0849, REF-0850, REF-2195, REF-2196, REF-2197, REF-2198, REF-2199, REF-2200, REF-2201, REF-2202, REF-2203, REF-2204, REF-2969, REF-2970, REF-2971, REF-2972, REF-2973, REF-2974, REF-2975, REF-2976, REF-2977, REF-2978, REF-2979, REF-2980, REF-2981, REF-2982, REF-2983, REF-2984, REF-2985, REF-2986, REF-2987, REF-2988, REF-2989, REF-2990, REF-2991, REF-2992
REF-0989, REF-0990, REF-0991, REF-0992, REF-0993, REF-0994, REF-0995, REF-0996, REF-0997, REF-0998, REF-3108, REF-3109

Lookalikes Review

Outcome: none-known
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07
Outcome: none-known
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07

Dosage

Not documented

Rosehip powder[1]

Clinical trials for osteoarthritis have most often used around 5 g/day of standardised rosehip powder. Educational reference only, not a prescription.

References & Sources

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    https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13091441
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  1. Christensen, R., Bartels, E.M., Altman, R.D., Astrup, A. and Bliddal, H (2008) 'Does the hip powder of Rosa canina (rosehip) reduce pain in osteoarthritis patients? - a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials', Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 16(9), pp. 965-972. doi:10.1016/j.joca.2008.03.001 Meta-analysis / review
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  3. Sanz-Lamora, H., Nicola-Llorente, M., Torres-Oteros, D., Perez-Marti, A. and others (2024) 'The Antiobesity Effects of Rosehip (Rosa canina) Flesh by Antagonizing the PPAR Gamma Activity in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice', Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 68(5), pp. e2300539. doi:10.1002/mnfr.202300539 Preclinical
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  4. Tumbas, V.T., Canadanovic-Brunet, J.M., Cetojevic-Simin, D.D., Cetkovic, G.S. and others (2011) 'Effect of rosehip (Rosa canina L.) phytochemicals on stable free radicals and human cancer cells', Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 92(6), pp. 1273-1281. doi:10.1002/jsfa.4695 Preclinical
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  5. Pena, F., Valencia, S., Tereucan, G., Nahuelcura, J. and others (2023) 'Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity in the Fruit of Rosehip (Rosa canina L. and Rosa rubiginosa L.)', Molecules, 28(8), pp. 3544. doi:10.3390/molecules28083544 Preclinical
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  6. Hendrysiak, A., Brzezowska, J., Nicolet, N., Bocquel, D. and others (2023) 'Juice Powders from Rosehip (Rosa canina L.): Physical, Chemical, and Antiglycation Properties', Molecules, 28(4), pp. 1674. doi:10.3390/molecules28041674 Preclinical
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  7. Igual, M., Garcia-Herrera, P., Camara, R.M., Martinez-Monzo, J. and others (2022) 'Bioactive Compounds in Rosehip (Rosa canina) Powder with Encapsulating Agents', Molecules, 27(15), pp. 4737. doi:10.3390/molecules27154737 Preclinical
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  8. Truong, V.L. and Jeong, W.S (2023) 'Hair Growth-Promoting Effects of Rosehip (Rosa canina L.) Seed Oil in C57BL/6 Mice', Preventive Nutrition and Food Science, 28(4), pp. 411-417. doi:10.3746/pnf.2023.28.4.411 Preclinical
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  9. Michalska-Ciechanowska, A., Brzezowska, J., Nicolet, N., Haladyn, K. and others (2025) 'Valorization of Rosehip (Rosa canina L.) Pomace Using Unconventional Carbohydrate Carriers for Beverage Obtainment', Molecules, 30(1), pp. 141. doi:10.3390/molecules30010141 Preclinical
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  10. Vlaicu, P.A., Untea, A.E., Turcu, R.P., Panaite, T.D. and Saracila, M (2022) 'Rosehip (Rosa canina L.) Meal as a Natural Antioxidant on Lipid and Protein Quality and Shelf-Life of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Enriched Eggs', Antioxidants (Basel), 11(10), pp. 1948. doi:10.3390/antiox11101948 Preclinical
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  11. Phetcharat, L. and Wongsuphasawat, K. and Winther, K (2015) 'The effectiveness of a standardized rose hip powder, containing seeds and shells of Rosa canina, on cell longevity, skin wrinkles, moisture, and elasticity', Clinical Interventions in Aging, 10, pp. 1849--1856. doi:10.2147/CIA.S90092 Randomized trial
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  12. Golsorkhi, H. and Montazerlotfelahi, H. and Abniki, E. and Vafaee-Shahi, M. and Kamalinejad, M. and Qorbani, M. and Bahrami, M. and Dadmehr, M (2025) 'Efficacy and safety of Rosa canina L. and a traditional polyherbal formulation syrup in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a factorial randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial', Phytotherapy Research, 39(9), pp. 4116--4125. doi:10.1002/ptr.70061 Randomized trial
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  13. Miljkovi\'c, V. M. and Nikoli\'c, L. and Mrmo\v sanin, J. and Gaji\'c, I. and Mihajilov-Krstev, T. and Zvezdanovi\'c, J. and Miljkovi\'c, M (2024) 'Chemical profile and antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Rosa canina L. dried fruit commercially available in Serbia', International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(5), pp. 2518. doi:10.3390/ijms25052518 Preclinical
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  14. Polumackanycz, M. and Kaszuba, M. and Konopacka, A. and Marzec-Wr\'oblewska, U. and Wesolowski, M. and Waleron, K. and Buci\'nski, A. and Viapiana, A (2020) 'Phenolic composition and biological properties of wild and commercial dog rose (Rosa canina L.) fruits and leaves', Molecules, 25(22), pp. 5272. doi:10.3390/molecules25225272 Preclinical
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  15. Grajzer, M. and Prescha, A. and Korzonek, K. and Wojakowska, A. and Dziadas, M. and Kulma, A. and Grajeta, H (2015) 'Characteristics of rose hip (Rosa canina L.) cold-pressed oil and its oxidative stability studied by the differential scanning calorimetry method', Food Chemistry, 188, pp. 459--466. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.05.034 Preclinical
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  19. Winther, K. and Apel, K. and Thamsborg, G (2005) 'A powder made from seeds and shells of a rose-hip subspecies (Rosa canina) reduces symptoms of knee and hip osteoarthritis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial', Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology, 34(4), pp. 302--308. doi:10.1080/03009740510018624 Randomized trial
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  20. Rein, E. and Kharazmi, A. and Winther, K (2004) 'A herbal remedy, Hyben Vital (stand. powder of a subspecies of Rosa canina fruits), reduces pain and improves general wellbeing in patients with osteoarthritis: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised trial', Phytomedicine, 11(5), pp. 383--391. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2004.01.001 Randomized trial
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  21. Ertas, B. and Hazar-Yavuz, A. N. and Topal, F. and Keles-Kaya, R. and Karakus, \"O. and Ozcan, G. S. and Taskin, T. and Cam, M. E (2023) 'Rosa canina L. improves learning and memory-associated cognitive impairment by regulating glucose levels and reducing hippocampal insulin resistance in high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats', Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 313, pp. 116541. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2023.116541 Preclinical
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Generated automatically from the Omnia Sana plant database and its cited sources. For educational purposes only — not medical advice. Always consult a qualified practitioner before using medicinal plants.