Plant Comparison

Lions mane vs Tansy

A side-by-side comparison of two medicinal plants — every documented constituent, action, use, safety note and cited source, assembled automatically from the Omnia Sana database.

First plant
Second plant
Show:
Plant ALions maneHericium erinaceusHericiaceaeFull monograph →
Plant BTansyTanacetum vulgareAsteraceaeFull monograph →

At a glance

Lions mane and Tansy: they share 5 indicated uses (arthritis / joint pain, bloating, indigestion, …); 2 pharmacological actions in common.

Lions maneTansy
Constituents23
Pharmacological actions55
Indicated uses109
Safety notes22
Cited sources1416
Indicated uses
Only Lions mane
Cancer (anticancer research)Cognitive functionCold & fluImmune supportMemory
Shared (5)
Arthritis / joint painBloatingIndigestionInflammation (general)Skin irritation
Only Tansy
Infection (general)Menstrual crampsMuscle spasmWounds
Pharmacological actions
Only Lions mane
Anticancer (preclinical)Immunomodulator / immune supportNeuroprotective / cognition support
Shared (2)
Anti-inflammatoryDigestive aid
Only Tansy
AntimicrobialAntioxidantAntispasmodic

Evidence face-off — shared uses

ConditionLions maneTansyVerdict
Arthritis / joint pain5/101/10Stronger for Lions mane
Bloating5/101/10Stronger for Lions mane
Indigestion5/101/10Stronger for Lions mane
Inflammation (general)5/101/10Stronger for Lions mane
Skin irritation5/101/10Stronger for Lions mane

Evidence scores (1–10) are computed from the tier of each cited source. “Comparable” means the two scores are within one point. Follow a score to its detailed sources.

Key Constituents

Erinacines and hericenones[1, 3, 5]

Diterpenoid erinacines (concentrated in the mycelium) and aromatic hericenones (in the fruiting body) are the signature low-molecular-weight compounds that stimulate nerve growth factor synthesis and underlie the mushroom's neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects.

Polysaccharides (beta-glucans)[4, 6, 7]

High-molecular-weight fruiting-body and mycelial polysaccharides with immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and prebiotic activity — alleviating ulcerative colitis, activating macrophages and supporting gut microbiota.

Polysaccharides
Essential oil (thujone, camphor)[1]

Thujone is the neurotoxic, safety-limiting constituent responsible for tansy's real internal-use toxicity.

Essential (volatile) oilCamphorTerpenes / terpenoids
Sesquiterpene lactones[2]

Contribute to the plant's bitter taste and antimicrobial activity.

Sesquiterpene lactonesSesquiterpenes
Flavonoids[7]

Contribute to antioxidant activity.

Flavonoids

Pharmacological Actions

Anti-inflammatory[1, 2, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10]
Anticancer (preclinical)[8]
Digestive aid[6, 8, 9, 10, 11]
Immunomodulator / immune support[4, 7, 8, 9, 10]
Neuroprotective / cognition support[1, 2, 3, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13]
Anti-inflammatory[2, 11, 12, 13]
Antimicrobial[1, 4, 5, 6, 8, 11, 12, 13]
Antioxidant[2, 4, 7, 11, 12, 13]
Antispasmodic[11, 12, 13]

Antispasmodic (cramp easing)

Digestive aid[11, 12, 13]

Traditional & Indicated Uses

Arthritis / joint pain[1, 6, 8, 9, 10]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 5
Label: Arthritis / joint pain
Bloating[6, 8, 9, 10, 11]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from digestive action

Evidence: 5
Label: Bloating
Cancer (anticancer research)[8]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anticancer action

Evidence: 1
Label: Cancer (anticancer research)
Cognitive function[1, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13]Good · 7/10

inferred from neuroprotective action

Evidence: 7
Label: Cognitive function
Cold & flu[7, 8, 9, 10]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from immunomodulator action

Evidence: 5
Label: Cold & flu
Immune support[7, 8, 9, 10]Moderate · 5/10
Evidence: 5
Label: Immune support
Indigestion[6, 8, 9, 10, 11]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from digestive action

Evidence: 5
Label: Indigestion
Inflammation (general)[1, 6, 8, 9, 10]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 5
Label: Inflammation (general)
Memory[1, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13]Good · 7/10

inferred from neuroprotective action

Evidence: 7
Label: Memory
Skin irritation[1, 6, 8, 9, 10]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 5
Label: Skin irritation
Arthritis / joint pain[11, 12, 13]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 1
Label: Arthritis / joint pain
Bloating[11, 12, 13]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from digestive action

Evidence: 1
Label: Bloating
Indigestion[11, 12, 13]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from digestive action

Evidence: 1
Label: Indigestion
Infection (general)[6, 11, 12, 13]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from antimicrobial action

Evidence: 2
Label: Infection (general)
Inflammation (general)[11, 12, 13]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 1
Label: Inflammation (general)
Menstrual cramps[11, 12, 13]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from antispasmodic action

Evidence: 1
Label: Menstrual cramps
Muscle spasm[11, 12, 13]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from antispasmodic action

Evidence: 1
Label: Muscle spasm
Skin irritation[11, 12, 13]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 1
Label: Skin irritation
Wounds[11, 12, 13]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from antimicrobial action

Evidence: 1
Label: Wounds

Safety, Cautions & Contraindications

Safety note[8, 9, 10]Caution

Mild gastrointestinal upset (nausea, bloating, diarrhoea) is the most common side effect. Rare allergic reactions can occur, particularly in individuals sensitive to mushrooms, and it may slightly lower blood sugar or have mild blood-thinning effects, so caution is advised for people on diabetes or anticoagulant medications.

Safety note[8, 9, 10, 14]Info

Duke (2002) does not include a dedicated entry for Lion's mane mushroom (Hericium erinaceus) in the Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, Second Edition.

Safety note[11, 12, 13]Caution

CAUTION: Tansy is considered toxic in medicinal doses and is NOT recommended for internal use. Thujone can cause convulsions, liver and kidney damage. Contraindicated in pregnancy (uterotonic and abortifacient). External use (as insect repellent) is generally safe. For information and historical reference only — do not use internally.

Safety note[11, 12, 13, 14]Caution

Duke (2002) rates tansy as ++ but emphasizes important safety concerns. The plant contains thujone (a neurotoxic ketone) and camphor, making it potentially toxic with internal use. Documented activities include emmenagogue, abortifacient (score 1), and insecticide. Duke strongly cautions against internal use except under professional supervision, noting that historical cases of tansy poisoning have resulted in convulsions and death. Topical use as an insect repellent is safer but should still avoid prolonged skin contact due to the essential oil's sensitizing potential. Strictly contraindicated in pregnancy (Duke, 2002).

External Ids

Gbif: 5248508
Wikidata: Q19737
Gbif: 3118274
Wikidata: Q27079

Botanical Description

Wood-decay fungus (not a true plant) forming a distinctive rounded, cushion-like fruiting body covered in long, dangling, tooth-like spines rather than gills or pores, resembling a white or cream 'lion's mane' or icicle cluster. It grows as a single mass rather than a typical cap-and-stem mushroom, on wounds or dead wood of hardwood trees.

Height: Fruiting body 5-40 cm across
Habit: Wood-decay fungus forming a rounded, spine-covered fruiting body
Leaves: Not applicable (fungus)
Flowers: Not applicable (fungus); reproduces by spores
Stem: No true cap-and-stem structure; a single cushion-like mass of hanging spines
Root: Mycelium spreading through the wood substrate
Fruit: Long, dangling, tooth-like spines bearing the spore-producing surface
Flowering Period: Fruiting body develops over weeks on wounds or dead hardwood

Aromatic perennial herb (Asteraceae), 50-120 cm tall, with erect, reddish, ridged stems. Leaves are finely divided, fern-like and strongly camphor-scented. Flat-topped clusters of small, yellow, button-like flower heads lack ray florets (petals).[11]

Height: 50-120 cm
Habit: Erect, aromatic perennial herb
Leaves: Finely divided, fern-like, strongly camphor-scented
Flowers: Small, yellow, button-like heads with no ray florets, in flat-topped clusters
Stem: Erect, reddish, ridged
Root: Spreading rhizomatous root system
Fruit: Small ribbed achenes (typical Asteraceae)
Flowering Period: July-September

Habitat

Grows on wounds, dead or dying wood of hardwood trees (notably oak and beech) in temperate forests of the Northern Hemisphere; also widely cultivated commercially on hardwood logs or sawdust substrate.

Native to Europe and temperate Asia, widely naturalised elsewhere; grows on roadsides, waste ground, riverbanks and disturbed grassland.[11]

Harvesting

Wild fruiting bodies are collected once mature; cultivated material is harvested from logs or substrate at maturity, then used fresh, dried, or processed into mycelium-based supplements.

Parts: Fruit, Mycelium

Flowering aerial parts are cut in summer, when in full flower, and dried for external/historical use; given this plant's real toxicity (thujone content) at internal doses, this record does not recommend or describe internal harvesting for medicinal consumption.[11]

Parts: Flower, Leaf, Stem
Season: Summer, at full flower

Traditional Uses

Lion's mane has a long East Asian culinary and medicinal tradition, valued in Chinese and Japanese medicine as a digestive tonic and, more recently, intensively studied for its unique ability to stimulate nerve growth factor, giving it a modern reputation as a neurotrophic and cognitive-support mushroom.[1]

Tansy has a long European history as a strewing herb, insect repellent and, historically, an internal vermifuge and emmenagogue, but its thujone and camphor content make internal medicinal use unsafe by modern standards. Today it is used, with caution, mainly as an external insect repellent; the traditional internal uses are recorded here for historical reference only, not as a recommendation.[11]

Preparations

Standardised extract[1]

Fruiting-body or mycelium extract standardised to erinacine or hericenone content, taken as capsules or powder; the form used in most clinical cognitive-support studies.

Dried herb (insect repellent, external)[11]

Dried flowering tops used as a traditional moth/insect deterrent, for example in sachets.

Essential oil (external, historical)[1]

Used historically as an insect repellent; prolonged skin contact should still be avoided given its sensitising potential.

Dosage

Standardised extract[3]

A 49-week double-blind randomised trial in mild Alzheimer's disease used three erinacine A-enriched H. erinaceus mycelia capsules per day at 350 mg per capsule, i.e. 1050 mg daily. Other clinical studies of cognitive support commonly use around 1-3 g of dried fruiting body extract daily. Educational reference only, not a prescription.

Internal use[11, 12, 13]

Tansy is NOT recommended for internal use at any dose given its thujone content and documented toxicity (convulsions, liver/kidney damage) - internal use recorded here is for historical reference only. External use (e.g. as an insect repellent) should avoid prolonged skin contact. Educational reference only, not a prescription; strictly avoid in pregnancy.

References

REF-0642, REF-2418, REF-2419, REF-2420, REF-2421
REF-1293, REF-1294, REF-1295, REF-1296, REF-1297, REF-1298, REF-1299, REF-1300, REF-1301, REF-1302

Lookalikes Review

Outcome: none-known
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07
Outcome: has-lookalikes
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07

Dangerous Lookalikes

Not documented

Safety note[15, 16]Dangerous
Dangerous Plant: jacobaea-vulgaris
Confused Part: Yellow-flowered plant gathered for its aromatic foliage and flowers; tansy ragwort shares the name, the yellow colour and rough ground.
Confusion Context: Common tansy (Tanacetum vulgare) is gathered for its aromatic fern-like foliage and flat clusters of yellow button flowers. Tansy ragwort (Jacobaea vulgaris, syn. Senecio jacobaea) shares the 'tansy' name, the yellow colouring and the same rough grassland, and the two are confused. Ragwort contains hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids that cause cumulative liver damage and can sicken or kill livestock and people, with the highest risk once cut or dried into hay or herbal material. Because both are yellow-flowered weeds of the same ground, correct identification matters before gathering.
Distinguishing Features: Flowers (decisive): common tansy has flat-topped clusters of yellow BUTTON flowers with no petals (ray florets). Tansy ragwort has open, daisy-like yellow flowers with about 13 spreading petals. Petalled daisy flowers = ragwort, not tansy., Leaves: common tansy has finely divided, fern-like aromatic leaves; ragwort leaves are blunter, 'kale-like', ruffled and lobed., Smell: crushed tansy is strongly aromatic; ragwort lacks that camphor-like tansy scent.
Key Test: Look at the flowers. Flat clusters of petal-less yellow buttons on strongly aromatic fern-like foliage = common tansy. Open daisy-like yellow flowers with about 13 petals and ruffled 'kale-like' leaves = tansy ragwort - toxic to the liver, do not gather it. If the flowers have petals, it is not tansy.
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07

References & Sources

  1. Szucko-Kociuba, I., Trzeciak-Ryczek, A., Kupnicka, P. and Chlubek, D (2023) 'Neurotrophic and Neuroprotective Effects of Hericium erinaceus', International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(21). doi:10.3390/ijms242115960 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242115960
  2. Contato, A.G. and Conte-Junior, C.A (2025) 'Lion's Mane Mushroom (Hericium erinaceus): A Neuroprotective Fungus with Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antimicrobial Potential - A Narrative Review', Nutrients, 17(8), pp. 1307. doi:10.3390/nu17081307 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17081307
  3. Li, I.C. and Chang, H.H. and Lin, C.H. and Chen, W.P. and Lu, T.H. and Lee, L.Y. and Chen, Y.W. and Chen, Y.P. and Chen, C.C. and Lin, D.P (2020) 'Prevention of Early Alzheimer's Disease by Erinacine A-Enriched Hericium erinaceus Mycelia Pilot Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study', Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 12, pp. 155. doi:10.3389/fnagi.2020.00155 Clinical study
    https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2020.00155
  4. Friedman, M (2015) 'Chemistry, Nutrition, and Health-Promoting Properties of Hericium erinaceus (Lion's Mane) Mushroom Fruiting Bodies and Mycelia and Their Bioactive Compounds', Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 63(32), pp. 7108-7123. doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.5b02914 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5b02914
  5. Xie, G. and Tang, L. and Xie, Y. and Xie, L (2022) 'Secondary Metabolites from Hericium erinaceus and Their Anti-Inflammatory Activities', Molecules, 27(7), pp. 2157. doi:10.3390/molecules27072157 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27072157
  6. Li, H., Feng, J., Liu, C., Hou, S., Meng, J., Liu, J.Y. and others (2024) 'Polysaccharides from an edible mushroom, Hericium erinaceus, alleviate ulcerative colitis in mice by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasomes and reestablish intestinal homeostasis', International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131251 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131251
  7. Shi, X.Z., Zhang, X.Y., Wang, Y.Y., Zhao, Y.M. and Wang, J (2024) 'Polysaccharides from Hericium erinaceus and its immunomodulatory effects on RAW 264.7 macrophages', International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134947 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134947
  8. Liu, J.H., Li, L., Shang, X.D., Zhang, J.L. and Tan, Q (2016) 'An experimental research on the anti-gastric-cancer activity of hericenone B extracted from Hericium erinaceus', 37(1), pp. 1--8. Traditional / reference
    https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=An%20experimental%20research%20on%20the%20anti-gastric-cancer%20activity%20of%20hericenone%20B%20extracted%20from%20Hericium%20erinaceus
  9. Mori, K., Inatomi, S., Ouchi, K., Azumi, Y. and Tuchida, T (2009) 'Improving effects of the mushroom Yamabushitake (Hericium erinaceus) on mild cognitive impairment: a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial', 23(3), pp. 367--372. doi:10.1002/ptr.2634 Randomized trial
    https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.2634
  10. National Institutes of Health (2023) 'Hericium erinaceus'. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=hericium+erinaceus Traditional / reference
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=hericium+erinaceus
  11. Pellegrino, R. and Gravina, A.G (2025) 'Potential of traditional Chinese medicine in gastrointestinal disorders: Hericium erinaceus in chronic atrophic gastritis', World Journal of Gastroenterology, 31(20). doi:10.3748/wjg.v31.i20.106615 Traditional / reference
    https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v31.i20.106615
  12. Docherty, S., Doughty, F.L. and Smith, E.F (2023) 'The Acute and Chronic Effects of Lion's Mane Mushroom Supplementation on Cognitive Function, Stress and Mood in Young Adults: A Double-Blind, Parallel Groups, Pilot Study', Nutrients, 15(22). doi:10.3390/nu15224842 Randomized trial
    https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15224842
  13. Surendran, G., Saye, J., Binti Mohd Jalil, S., Spreadborough, J., Duong, K., Shatwan, I.M. and others (2025) 'Acute effects of a standardised extract of Hericium erinaceus (Lion's Mane mushroom) on cognition and mood in healthy younger adults: a double-blind randomised placebo-controlled study', Frontiers in Nutrition. doi:10.3389/fnut.2025.1405796 Randomized trial
    https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1405796
  14. Duke, J.A (2002) 'Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, Second Edition'. Traditional / reference
    https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Handbook%20of%20Medicinal%20Herbs%2C%20Second%20Edition
  1. Kowalonek, J., Stachowiak, N., Bolczak, K. and Richert, A (2023) 'Physicochemical and Antibacterial Properties of Alginate Films Containing Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.) Essential Oil', Polymers, 15(2), pp. 260. doi:10.3390/polym15020260 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15020260
  2. Ak, G., Gevrenova, R., Sinan, K.I., Zengin, G. and others (2021) 'Tanacetum vulgare L. (Tansy) as an effective bioresource with promising pharmacological effects from natural arsenal', Food and Chemical Toxicology, 153, pp. 112268. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2021.112268 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2021.112268
  3. Paderin, N.M., Saveliev, Y.N. and Popov, S.V (2020) 'The effect of pectin of tansy, Tanacetum vulgare L., on anxiety and overeating food rich in fats and sugars in mice in modelling binge eating', Voprosy Pitaniia, 89(6), pp. 14-22. doi:10.24411/0042-8833-2020-10074 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.24411/0042-8833-2020-10074
  4. Babich, O., Larina, V., Krol, O., Ulrikh, E. and others (2023) 'In Vitro Study of Biological Activity of Tanacetum vulgare Extracts', Pharmaceutics, 15(2), pp. 616. doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics15020616 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15020616
  5. Puk, K. and Guz, L (2021) 'Parasiticidal effects of Tanacetum vulgare extract against Ichthyophthirius multifiliis', Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 24(1), pp. 159-161. doi:10.24425/pjvs.2021.136805 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.24425/pjvs.2021.136805
  6. Roman, H., Niculescu, A.G., Lazar, V. and Mitache, M.M (2023) 'Antibacterial Efficiency of Tanacetum vulgare Essential Oil against ESKAPE Pathogens and Synergisms with Antibiotics', Antibiotics, 12(11), pp. 1635. doi:10.3390/antibiotics12111635 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12111635
  7. Sukele, R., Lauberte, L., Kovalcuka, L., Logviss, K. and others (2023) 'Chemical Profiling and Antioxidant Activity of Tanacetum vulgare L. Wild-Growing in Latvia', Plants, 12(10), pp. 1968. doi:10.3390/plants12101968 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12101968
  8. Korpinen, R.I., Valimaa, A.L., Liimatainen, J. and Kunnas, S (2021) 'Essential Oils and Supercritical CO2 Extracts of Arctic Angelica, Marsh Labrador Tea and Common Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare)-Chemical Compositions and Antimicrobial Activities', Molecules, 26(23), pp. 7121. doi:10.3390/molecules26237121 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26237121
  9. Jovanovic, M. and Poljacki, M (2003) 'Compositae dermatitis', Medicinski Pregled, 56(1-2), pp. 43-49. doi:10.2298/mpns0302043j Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.2298/mpns0302043j
  10. Rohloff, J., Mordal, R. and Dragland, S (2004) 'Chemotypical variation of tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.) from 40 different locations in Norway', Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 52(6), pp. 1742-1748. doi:10.1021/jf0352430 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0352430
  11. Grieve, M (1931) 'A Modern Herbal'. Traditional / reference
    https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=A%20Modern%20Herbal
  12. Kivilaan, A. and Bandurski, R.S (1981) 'The 1879 Beal seed viability experiment', 68(9), pp. 1290--1292. Traditional / reference
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  13. Orav, A., Raal, A. and Arak, E (2006) 'Essential oil composition of Tanacetum vulgare L', 20(12), pp. 1129--1142. Traditional / reference
    https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Essential%20oil%20composition%20of%20Tanacetum%20vulgare%20L
  14. Duke, J.A (2002) 'Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, Second Edition'. Traditional / reference
    https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Handbook%20of%20Medicinal%20Herbs%2C%20Second%20Edition
  15. Washington State Noxious Weed Control Board 'Tansy Ragwort (Senecio jacobaea)'. Available at: https://www.nwcb.wa.gov/weeds/tansy-ragwort Traditional / reference
    https://www.nwcb.wa.gov/weeds/tansy-ragwort
  16. Schneider, J. and Tsegaye, Y. and W/Tensae, M. and G/Selassie, S. and Haile, T. and Bane, A. and Ali, A. and Mesfin, G. and Seboxa, T (2012) 'Veno-occlusive liver disease: a case report', Ethiopian Medical Journal, 50 Suppl 2, pp. 47-51. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22946295/ Clinical study
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22946295/

Generated automatically from the Omnia Sana plant database and its cited sources. For educational purposes only — not medical advice. Always consult a qualified practitioner before using medicinal plants.