Plant Comparison

Lingzhi vs Oregon Grape

A side-by-side comparison of two medicinal plants — every documented constituent, action, use, safety note and cited source, assembled automatically from the Omnia Sana database.

First plant

Second plant

Plant ALingzhiGanoderma lingzhiGanodermataceaeFull monograph →

Plant BOregon GrapeMahonia aquifoliumBerberidaceaeFull monograph →

At a glance

Lingzhi and Oregon Grape: they share 5 indicated uses (arthritis / joint pain, cancer (anticancer research), infection (general), …); 2 pharmacological actions in common.

LingzhiOregon Grape

Constituents21

Pharmacological actions73

Indicated uses118

Safety notes22

Cited sources2113

Indicated uses

Only Lingzhi

Blood sugar / diabetes supportCardiovascular / heart healthCold & fluImmune supportInsomnia / sleeplessnessMetabolic support

Shared (5)

Arthritis / joint painCancer (anticancer research)Infection (general)Inflammation (general)Skin irritation

Only Oregon Grape

EczemaPsoriasisWounds

Pharmacological actions

Only Lingzhi

Antidiabetic (blood-sugar lowering)AntioxidantAntiviralImmunomodulator / immune supportSedative / sleep support

Shared (2)

Anti-inflammatoryAnticancer (preclinical)

Only Oregon Grape

Antimicrobial

Evidence face-off — shared uses

Condition	Lingzhi	Oregon Grape	Verdict
Arthritis / joint pain	1/10	7/10	Stronger for Oregon Grape
Cancer (anticancer research)	8/10	2/10	Stronger for Lingzhi
Infection (general)	1/10	2/10	Comparable evidence
Inflammation (general)	1/10	7/10	Stronger for Oregon Grape
Skin irritation	1/10	8/10	Stronger for Oregon Grape

Evidence scores (1–10) are computed from the tier of each cited source. “Comparable” means the two scores are within one point. Follow a score to its detailed sources.

Key Constituents

Beta-glucan polysaccharides^{[1, 4]}

Principal immunomodulatory constituents, the main focus of anticancer-adjunct and immune research.

Polysaccharides

Triterpenes (ganoderic acids)^[1]

Bitter triterpenes associated with anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and adaptogenic activity.

Triterpene saponinsTerpenes / terpenoids

Isoquinoline alkaloids (berberine, berbamine, palmatine, jatrorrhizine, magnoflorine)^{[2, 11, 12]}

Berberine is the main anti-psoriatic and antimicrobial constituent.

AlkaloidsBerberine

Pharmacological Actions

Anti-inflammatory^{[2, 6, 14, 15, 16]}

Anticancer (preclinical)^{[4, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15, 16]}

Antidiabetic (blood-sugar lowering)^{[5, 9, 14, 15, 16]}

Antioxidant^{[5, 7, 14, 15, 16]}

Antiviral^{[6, 14, 15, 16]}

Immunomodulator / immune support^{[4, 5, 8, 10, 12, 14, 15, 16]}

Sedative / sleep support^{[14, 15, 16]}

Anti-inflammatory^{[7, 10, 11]}

Anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative (slows the skin-cell overgrowth of psoriasis)

Anticancer (preclinical)^{[3, 4, 6, 11]}

Anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative (slows the skin-cell overgrowth of psoriasis)

Antimicrobial^{[2, 5, 8, 9, 12]}

Antimicrobial (berberine) - supports skin and mucosal infection

Traditional & Indicated Uses

Arthritis / joint pain^{[14, 15, 16]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 1

Label: Arthritis / joint pain

Blood sugar / diabetes support^{[14, 15, 16]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from antidiabetic action

Evidence: 1

Label: Blood sugar / diabetes support

Cancer (anticancer research)^{[1, 4, 10, 15]}Good · 8/10

inferred from anticancer action

Evidence: 8

Label: Cancer (anticancer research)

Cardiovascular / heart health^{[14, 15, 16]}Traditional · 1/10

Evidence: 1

Label: Cardiovascular / heart health

Cold & flu^{[14, 15, 16]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from antiviral action

Evidence: 1

Label: Cold & flu

Immune support^{[14, 15, 16]}Traditional · 1/10

Evidence: 1

Label: Immune support

Infection (general)^{[14, 15, 16]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from antiviral action

Evidence: 1

Label: Infection (general)

Inflammation (general)^{[14, 15, 16]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 1

Label: Inflammation (general)

Insomnia / sleeplessness^{[14, 15, 16]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from sedative action

Evidence: 1

Label: Insomnia / sleeplessness

Metabolic support^{[14, 15, 16]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from antidiabetic action

Evidence: 1

Label: Metabolic support

Skin irritation^{[14, 15, 16]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 1

Label: Skin irritation

Arthritis / joint pain^[11]Good · 7/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 7

Label: Arthritis / joint pain

Cancer (anticancer research)^[3]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from anticancer action

Evidence: 2

Label: Cancer (anticancer research)

Eczema^[11]Good · 7/10

Topical for atopic dermatitis (eczema) and skin irritation

Evidence: 7

Label: Eczema

Infection (general)^{[5, 12]}Traditional · 2/10

Antimicrobial (berberine) - supports skin and mucosal infection

Evidence: 2

Label: Infection (general)

Inflammation (general)^{[10, 11]}Good · 7/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 7

Label: Inflammation (general)

Psoriasis^{[1, 7, 11, 13]}Strong · 9/10

Anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative (slows the skin-cell overgrowth of psoriasis); Topical treatment of mild-to-moderate psoriasis (reduces plaque severity) - a double-blind, placebo-controlled RCT showed significant improvement in PASI and quality-of-life scores

Evidence: 9

Label: Psoriasis

Skin irritation^{[1, 11]}Good · 8/10

Topical for atopic dermatitis (eczema) and skin irritation

Evidence: 8

Label: Skin irritation

Wounds^[12]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from antimicrobial action

Evidence: 1

Label: Wounds

Safety, Cautions & Contraindications

Safety note^{[14, 15, 16]}Caution

Generally well tolerated at standard doses. May cause mild digestive upset, dry mouth, or dizziness in some individuals. May enhance the effects of anticoagulant and antihypertensive medications. Avoid during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Extended use beyond 6 months is not well studied in humans.

Safety note^{[14, 15, 16, 17]}Caution

Duke (2002) rates reishi (Ganoderma lucidum) as + and notes immunostimulant, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, antitumor, and hypoglycemic activities at the experimental level (score 1). It is a key adaptogen in traditional Chinese medicine, valued for its polysaccharide (beta-glucan) content. Duke notes antiviral (score 1) and anti-aggregant activities. No strong clinical trials existed at time of publication, but lentinan and polysaccharide fractions from related species show immunomodulatory potential. Duke suggests caution in bleeding disorders due to anti-aggregant activity (Duke, 2002).

Safety note^[12]Caution

Avoid internal use in pregnancy and breastfeeding: like goldenseal, the berberine it contains can cross the placenta and into milk and worsen newborn jaundice (kernicterus risk).

Safety note^{[11, 12]}Caution

Berberine impairs the metabolism of some medicines - for example it raises blood levels of cyclosporine, risking toxicity - so use caution with prescription drugs. It is used mainly topically for skin conditions.

External Ids

Gbif: 7690471

Wikidata: Q97958947

Gbif: 3033865

Wikidata: Q158303

Botanical Description

Bracket (shelf) fungus (not a true plant) that grows on the trunks and stumps of deciduous trees. It develops a hard, kidney- or fan-shaped cap with a glossy, varnished, red-brown to mahogany crust and concentric growth rings, often on a lateral woody stalk; the pale underside is covered in fine pores that release rusty-brown spores. The mycelium spreads through the wood substrate before fruiting.^[1]

Height: Cap 5-20 cm across

Habit: Perennial wood-decay bracket fungus

Leaves: Not applicable (fungus)

Flowers: Not applicable (fungus); reproduces by spores

Stem: Hard, glossy, varnished kidney- or fan-shaped cap, often on a lateral stalk

Root: Mycelium spreading through the wood substrate

Fruit: Pale, finely pored underside releasing rusty-brown spores

Flowering Period: Fruiting body develops over weeks to months on the host wood

Evergreen shrub, 0.5-2 m tall, spreading by underground rhizomes to form thickets. The pinnate leaves resemble holly, with 5-9 glossy, dark green, spiny-toothed leaflets that often turn bronze-red in winter. Small, bright yellow, six-petalled flowers are borne in dense, upright terminal racemes in early spring, followed by clusters of blue-black, grape-like berries with a waxy bloom. The wood and inner bark of the stem and root are bright yellow when cut, owing to their high content of berberine-type alkaloids.

Height: 0.5-2 m

Habit: Evergreen, rhizomatous, colony-forming shrub

Leaves: Pinnate, holly-like, 5-9 glossy dark green spiny-toothed leaflets

Flowers: Small, bright yellow, six-petalled, in dense upright terminal racemes

Stem: Woody; wood and inner bark bright yellow when cut

Root: Woody, rhizomatous, bright yellow within (berberine-type alkaloids)

Fruit: Clusters of blue-black, grape-like berries with a waxy bloom

Flowering Period: Early spring (March-April)

Habitat

Grows as a wood-decay fungus on the stumps and trunks of deciduous trees (notably maple and other hardwoods) in East Asian forests; also widely cultivated commercially on hardwood logs or sawdust substrate.

Native to the Pacific Northwest of North America, growing in coniferous woodland understorey, forest margins and rocky slopes; widely introduced and naturalised as an ornamental and hedging shrub in temperate regions elsewhere.

Harvesting

Wild fruiting bodies are collected once mature; cultivated material is harvested from logs or substrate at maturity, then dried and processed into slices, powder or extract.

Parts: Mycelium, Whole Plant

The root and root bark, the medicinal parts, are dug from established plants - traditionally in autumn - and dried. Because wild populations are slow-growing, cultivated or nursery-sourced material is preferred over wild-harvesting.

Parts: Root, Bark

Season: Autumn

Traditional Uses

Reishi/lingzhi, the 'mushroom of immortality', is one of the most revered tonic fungi in traditional Chinese medicine, used for centuries to support vitality, calm the spirit, strengthen immunity and promote longevity; this traditional tonic reputation is now studied for immunomodulatory, anticancer-adjunct and metabolic effects.^{[1, 4]}

Oregon grape root has a traditional Native American and Eclectic-medicine history as a bitter tonic and alterative (blood-purifying) remedy and for skin conditions. Its main modern use, supported by clinical trials, is topical application of a standardised bark extract for mild-to-moderate psoriasis and atopic dermatitis (eczema), where its berberine-type alkaloids give anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects on skin cells.^{[1, 11, 12]}

Preparations

Standardised extract^{[1, 4]}

Extract standardised to polysaccharide (beta-glucan) or triterpene content, taken as capsules or powder; the form used in most modern studies.

Topical cream/ointment^{[1, 11, 13]}

A standardised 10% Mahonia aquifolium bark extract cream, the best-studied form, applied to affected skin up to three times daily for psoriasis or eczema.

References

REF-0821, REF-0822, REF-0823, REF-2039, REF-2040, REF-2041, REF-2042, REF-2043, REF-2044, REF-2045, REF-2046, REF-2047, REF-2048

REF-1173, REF-1174, REF-1175, REF-1176, REF-1177, REF-1178, REF-1179, REF-1180, REF-1181, REF-1182

Drug Class Interactions

Safety note^{[18, 19]}Caution

Drug Class: sedatives-cns-depressants

Mechanism: Reishi is traditionally used as a calming, sedative herb; taken with sedatives, sleeping tablets or other central-nervous-system depressants (including alcohol) it may add to drowsiness and slowed reactions.

Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)

Reviewed Date: 2026-07-03

Not documented

Lookalikes Review

Outcome: has-lookalikes

Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)

Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07

Outcome: none-known

Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)

Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07

Dangerous Lookalikes

Safety note^{[20, 21]}Fatal

Dangerous Plant: podostroma-cornu-damae

Confused Part: Wild-collected fruit bodies gathered as reishi/lingzhi for medicinal tea; the immature red, antler-like fruit bodies of poison fire coral can be taken for young reishi.

Confusion Context: Reishi (Ganoderma lingzhi / lucidum) is a hard, varnished bracket fungus collected and brewed as a health tonic. Poison fire coral (Podostroma cornu-damae), one of the few deadly-poisonous fungi, is documented to resemble Ganoderma lucidum in its immature stage. A peer-reviewed case report (Ahn et al., 2013, Yonsei Med J) describes two people who collected and boiled wild fungus as tea - one died of pancytopenia and multiple organ failure - and states that in its immature period poison fire coral resembles Ganoderma lucidum, 'well known as a health-food.' Its trichothecene mycotoxins (satratoxins) are frequently fatal. Because reishi is wild-collected for medicinal tea in East Asia, this is a genuinely lethal confusion.

Distinguishing Features: Colour and form: poison fire coral is bright blood-red to orange-red and grows as erect, often branched antler- or coral-like clubs rising from the ground or buried wood. True reishi is a flat kidney- or fan-shaped bracket (conk) with a hard, glossy, varnished red-brown to mahogany crust and a pale pored underside, growing on wood., Growth pattern: reishi forms a shelf/bracket with a distinct cap and often a lateral stalk; poison fire coral forms finger-like or antler-like red spikes with no cap., Underside: reishi has a white-to-brown pored underside that drops rusty-brown spores; poison fire coral has no pores at all.

Key Test: Look at the shape. Reishi is a hard, flat, varnished shelf/bracket with a pale pored underside, growing on wood. Any bright red, erect antler- or coral-like club with NO cap and NO pores is NOT reishi - it may be poison fire coral (Podostroma cornu-damae), which can kill. Never brew an unfamiliar red club or coral fungus; if unsure, do not use it and confirm with an expert mycologist.

Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)

Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07

Not documented

Dosage

Not documented

Topical 10% extract cream^{[11, 13]}

Clinical trials in psoriasis and eczema have used a 10% Mahonia aquifolium bark extract cream applied to affected areas up to three times daily. Educational reference only, not a prescription; internal use is not well studied and should be supervised.

References & Sources

Li, W., Zhou, Q., Lv, B., Li, N. et al (2024) 'Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharide Supplementation Significantly Activates T-Cell-Mediated Antitumor Immunity and Enhances Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy Efficacy in Colorectal Cancer', Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 72(21), pp. 12072-12082. doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08385 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08385
Cai, Q., Li, Y. and Pei, G (2017) 'Polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum attenuate microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and modulate microglial phagocytosis and behavioural response', Journal of Neuroinflammation, 14(1), pp. 63. doi:10.1186/s12974-017-0839-0 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-017-0839-0
Zheng, G., Zhao, Y., Li, Z., Hua, Y. et al (2023) 'Ganoderma lucidum spore powder and derived triterpenes attenuate atherosclerosis and aortic calcification by stimulating ABCA1/G1-mediated macrophage cholesterol efflux and inactivating RUNX2-mediated VSMC osteogenesis', Theranostics, 13(4), pp. 1325-1341. doi:10.7150/thno.80250 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.80250
Sohretoglu, D. and Huang, S (2018) 'Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharides as An Anti-cancer Agent', Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry, 18(5), pp. 667-674. doi:10.2174/1871520617666171113121246 Meta-analysis / review
https://doi.org/10.2174/1871520617666171113121246
Seweryn, E., Ziala, A. and Gamian, A (2021) 'Health-Promoting of Polysaccharides Extracted from Ganoderma lucidum', Nutrients, 13(8), pp. 2725. doi:10.3390/nu13082725 Meta-analysis / review
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13082725
Liu, X., Yang, L., Li, G., Jiang, Y., Zhang, G. and Ling, J (2022) 'A novel promising neuroprotective agent: Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide', International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 229, pp. 168-180. doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.276 Meta-analysis / review
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.276
Zhu, M., Chang, Q., Wong, L.K., Chong, F.S. and Li, R.C (1999) 'Triterpene antioxidants from Ganoderma lucidum', Phytotherapy Research, 13(6), pp. 529-531. doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1573(199909)13:6<529::aid-ptr481>3.0.co;2-x Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1573(199909)13:6<529::aid-ptr481>3.0.co;2-x
Zeng, P., Chen, Y., Zhang, L. and Xing, M (2019) 'Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide used for treating physical frailty in China', Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science, 163, pp. 179-219. doi:10.1016/bs.pmbts.2019.02.009 Meta-analysis / review
https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pmbts.2019.02.009
Wu, P., Zhang, C., Yin, Y., Zhang, X., Li, Q., Yuan, L., Sun, Y., Zhou, S., Ying, S. and Wu, J (2024) 'Bioactivities and industrial standardization status of Ganoderma lucidum: A comprehensive review', Heliyon, 10(19), pp. e36987. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36987 Meta-analysis / review
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36987
Xu, Z., Chen, X., Zhong, Z., Chen, L. and Wang, Y (2011) 'Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides: immunomodulation and potential anti-tumor activities', The American Journal of Chinese Medicine, 39(1), pp. 15-27. doi:10.1142/S0192415X11008610 Meta-analysis / review
https://doi.org/10.1142/S0192415X11008610
Geng, X., Zhong, D., Su, L., Lin, Z. and Yang, B (2019) 'Preventive and therapeutic effect of Ganoderma lucidum on kidney injuries and diseases', Advances in Pharmacology, 87, pp. 257-276. doi:10.1016/bs.apha.2019.10.003 Meta-analysis / review
https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.apha.2019.10.003
Sliva, D (2004) 'Cellular and physiological effects of Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi)', Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry, 4(8), pp. 873-879. doi:10.2174/1389557043403323 Meta-analysis / review
https://doi.org/10.2174/1389557043403323
Boh, B., Berovic, M., Zhang, J. and Zhi-Bin, L (2007) 'Ganoderma lucidum and its pharmaceutically active compounds', Biotechnology Annual Review, 13, pp. 265-301. doi:10.1016/S1387-2656(07)13010-6 Meta-analysis / review
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1387-2656(07)13010-6
Bao, X. et al (2001) 'Structural requirements for the immunological activities of polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum', 41(9), pp. 2603--2611. Traditional / reference
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Structural%20requirements%20for%20the%20immunological%20activities%20of%20polysaccharides%20from%20Ganoderma%20lucidum
Jin, X. et al (2012) 'Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi mushroom) for cancer treatment'. Traditional / reference
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Ganoderma%20lucidum%20%28Reishi%20mushroom%29%20for%20cancer%20treatment
Wachtel-Galor, S., Yuen, J., Buswell, J.A. and Benzie, I.F.F (2011) 'Ganoderma lucidum (Lingzhi or Reishi): A Medicinal Mushroom'. Traditional / reference
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Ganoderma%20lucidum%20%28Lingzhi%20or%20Reishi%29%3A%20A%20Medicinal%20Mushroom
Duke, J.A (2002) 'Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, Second Edition'. Traditional / reference
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Handbook%20of%20Medicinal%20Herbs%2C%20Second%20Edition
Ghasemzadeh Rahbardar, M. and Hosseinzadeh, H (2024) 'Therapeutic potential of hypnotic herbal medicines: A comprehensive review', Phytotherapy Research, 38(6), pp. 3037-3059. doi:10.1002/ptr.8201 Meta-analysis / review
https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.8201
Block, K.I., Gyllenhaal, C. and Mead, M.N (2004) 'Safety and efficacy of herbal sedatives in cancer care', Integrative Cancer Therapies, 3(2), pp. 128-148. doi:10.1177/1534735404265003 Meta-analysis / review
https://doi.org/10.1177/1534735404265003
Ahn, J.Y. and Seok, S.J. and Song, J.E. and Choi, J.H. and Han, S.H. and Choi, J.Y. and Kim, C.O. and Song, Y.G. and Kim, J.M (2013) 'Two cases of mushroom poisoning by Podostroma cornu-damae', Yonsei Medical Journal, 54(1), pp. 265-8. doi:10.3349/ymj.2013.54.1.265 Clinical study
https://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2013.54.1.265
Choe, S. and In, S. and Jeon, Y. and Choi, H. and Kim, S (2018) 'Identification of trichothecene-type mycotoxins in toxic mushroom Podostroma cornu-damae and biological specimens from a fatal case by LC-QTOF/MS', Forensic Science International, 291, pp. 234-244. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2018.08.043 Clinical study
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2018.08.043

Gulliver, W.P. and Donsky, H.J (2005) 'A report on three recent clinical trials using Mahonia aquifolium 10% topical cream and a review of the worldwide clinical experience with Mahonia aquifolium for the treatment of plaque psoriasis', American Journal of Therapeutics, 12(5), pp. 398-406. doi:10.1097/01.mjt.0000174350.82270.da Clinical study
https://doi.org/10.1097/01.mjt.0000174350.82270.da
Cernakova, M. and Kostalova, D (2002) 'Antimicrobial activity of berberine--a constituent of Mahonia aquifolium', Folia Microbiologica, 47(4), pp. 375-378. doi:10.1007/BF02818693 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02818693
Damjanovic, A., Kolundzija, B., Matic, I.Z., Krivokuca, A. and others (2020) 'Mahonia aquifolium Extracts Promote Doxorubicin Effects against Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells In Vitro', Molecules, 25(22), pp. 5233. doi:10.3390/molecules25225233 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25225233
Cernakova, M., Kostalova, D., Kettmann, V., Plodova, M. and others (2002) 'Potential antimutagenic activity of berberine, a constituent of Mahonia aquifolium', BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2, pp. 2. doi:10.1186/1472-6882-2-2 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-2-2
Slobodnikova, L., Kostalova, D., Labudova, D., Kotulova, D. and Kettmann, V (2004) 'Antimicrobial activity of Mahonia aquifolium crude extract and its major isolated alkaloids', Phytotherapy Research, 18(8), pp. 674-676. doi:10.1002/ptr.1517 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1517
Godjevac, D., Damjanovic, A., Stanojkovic, T.P., Andjelkovic, B. and Zdunic, G (2018) 'Identification of cytotoxic metabolites from Mahonia aquifolium using 1H NMR-based metabolomics approach', Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 150, pp. 9-14. doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2017.11.075 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2017.11.075
Muller, K. and Ziereis, K (1994) 'The antipsoriatic Mahonia aquifolium and its active constituents; I. Pro- and antioxidant properties and inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase', Planta Medica, 60(5), pp. 421-424. doi:10.1055/s-2006-959523 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-959523
Rohrer, U., Kunz, E.M.K., Lenkeit, K., Schaffner, W. and Meyer, J (2007) 'Antimicrobial activity of Mahonia aquifolium and two of its alkaloids against oral bacteria', Schweizer Monatsschrift fur Zahnmedizin, 117(11), pp. 1126-1131. Preclinical
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Antimicrobial%20activity%20of%20Mahonia%20aquifolium%20and%20two%20of%20its%20alkaloids%20against%20oral%20bacteria
Vollekova, A., Kostalova, D., Kettmann, V. and Toth, J (2003) 'Antifungal activity of Mahonia aquifolium extract and its major protoberberine alkaloids', Phytotherapy Research, 17(7), pp. 834-837. doi:10.1002/ptr.1256 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1256
Hajnicka, V., Kostalova, D., Svecova, D., Sochorova, R. and others (2002) 'Effect of Mahonia aquifolium active compounds on interleukin-8 production in the human monocytic cell line THP-1', Planta Medica, 68(3), pp. 266-268. doi:10.1055/s-2002-23126 Preclinical
https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2002-23126
Gulliver, W.P. and colleagues (2018) 'Review of the Efficacy and Safety of Topical Mahonia aquifolium for the Treatment of Psoriasis and Atopic Dermatitis', Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6334833/ Meta-analysis / review
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6334833/
Herbal Reality (n.d.) 'Oregon Grape Root (Berberis aquifolium): Benefits, Uses, Safety'. Available at: https://www.herbalreality.com/herb/oregon-grape/ Traditional / reference
https://www.herbalreality.com/herb/oregon-grape/
Bernstein, S., Donsky, H., Gulliver, W., Hamilton, D., Nobel, S. and Norman, R (2006) 'Treatment of mild to moderate psoriasis with Relieva, a Mahonia aquifolium extract - a double-blind, placebo-controlled study', American Journal of Therapeutics, 13(2), pp. 121--126. doi:10.1097/00045391-200603000-00007 Randomized trial
https://doi.org/10.1097/00045391-200603000-00007

Lingzhi monograph Oregon Grape monograph Compare other plants

Generated automatically from the Omnia Sana plant database and its cited sources. For educational purposes only — not medical advice. Always consult a qualified practitioner before using medicinal plants.