Plant Comparison

Coriander vs Blackberry Leaf

A side-by-side comparison of two medicinal plants — every documented constituent, action, use, safety note and cited source, assembled automatically from the Omnia Sana database.

First plant
Second plant
Show:
Plant ACorianderCoriandrum sativumApiaceaeFull monograph →
Plant BBlackberry LeafRubus fruticosusRosaceaeFull monograph →

At a glance

Coriander and Blackberry Leaf: they share 5 indicated uses (arthritis / joint pain, infection (general), inflammation (general), …); 3 pharmacological actions in common.

CorianderBlackberry Leaf
Constituents33
Pharmacological actions56
Indicated uses109
Safety notes22
Cited sources229
Indicated uses
Only Coriander
BloatingIndigestionMenstrual crampsMetabolic supportMuscle spasm
Shared (5)
Arthritis / joint painInfection (general)Inflammation (general)Skin irritationWounds
Only Blackberry Leaf
Cancer (anticancer research)DiarrhoeaOral & throat healthSore throat
Pharmacological actions
Only Coriander
AntispasmodicDigestive aid
Shared (3)
Anti-inflammatoryAntimicrobialAntioxidant
Only Blackberry Leaf
Anticancer (preclinical)AntidiarrhoealAstringent

Evidence face-off — shared uses

ConditionCorianderBlackberry LeafVerdict
Arthritis / joint pain1/102/10Comparable evidence
Infection (general)1/102/10Comparable evidence
Inflammation (general)1/102/10Comparable evidence
Skin irritation1/102/10Comparable evidence
Wounds1/102/10Comparable evidence

Evidence scores (1–10) are computed from the tier of each cited source. “Comparable” means the two scores are within one point. Follow a score to its detailed sources.

Key Constituents

Essential oil (linalool)[4]

Seed essential oil dominated by linalool, giving the characteristic aroma and much of the antimicrobial and carminative activity.

Essential (volatile) oilLinalool
Flavonoids and phenolic compounds[4]

Antioxidant flavonoids and phenolics, notably quercetin derivatives, identified across leaf and seed extracts.

FlavonoidsPhenolic compounds
Phytosterols[4]

Contribute to the plant's cardiovascular and metabolic activity.

Phytosterols
Tannins (gallotannins and ellagitannins)[8, 9]

The astringent principles of the leaf.

Tannins
Flavonoids and phenolic acids (including gallic acid)[9]

Antioxidant and antibacterial constituents.

Phenolic acidsGallic acidFlavonoids
Vitamin C and minerals (iron)[8]

Minor nutritive constituents of the leaf.

Pharmacological Actions

Anti-inflammatory[4, 5, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15]
Antimicrobial[5, 9, 13, 14, 15]
Antioxidant[5, 6, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15]
Antispasmodic[13, 14, 15]

Antispasmodic (cramp easing)

Digestive aid[5, 13, 14, 15]
Anti-inflammatory[4, 6, 7, 8]

Anti-inflammatory gargle / mouthwash for sore throat and oral mucosa inflammation

Anticancer (preclinical)[6]
Antidiarrhoeal[5, 8, 9]

Astringent for mild diarrhoea (tannins tighten the gut lining and reduce excess secretion)

Antimicrobial[5, 6, 9]
Antioxidant[4, 5, 6, 9]
Astringent[8, 9]

Astringent for mild diarrhoea (tannins tighten the gut lining and reduce excess secretion)

Traditional & Indicated Uses

Arthritis / joint pain[13, 14, 15]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 1
Label: Arthritis / joint pain
Bloating[13, 14, 15]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from digestive action

Evidence: 1
Label: Bloating
Indigestion[13, 14, 15]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from digestive action

Evidence: 1
Label: Indigestion
Infection (general)[13, 14, 15]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from antimicrobial action

Evidence: 1
Label: Infection (general)
Inflammation (general)[13, 14, 15]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 1
Label: Inflammation (general)
Menstrual cramps[13, 14, 15]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from antispasmodic action

Evidence: 1
Label: Menstrual cramps
Metabolic support[13, 14, 15]Traditional · 1/10
Evidence: 1
Label: Metabolic support
Muscle spasm[13, 14, 15]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from antispasmodic action

Evidence: 1
Label: Muscle spasm
Skin irritation[13, 14, 15]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 1
Label: Skin irritation
Wounds[13, 14, 15]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from antimicrobial action

Evidence: 1
Label: Wounds
Arthritis / joint pain[8]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 2
Label: Arthritis / joint pain
Cancer (anticancer research)[6]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from anticancer action

Evidence: 2
Label: Cancer (anticancer research)
Diarrhoea[8, 9]Traditional · 2/10

Astringent for mild diarrhoea (tannins tighten the gut lining and reduce excess secretion)

Evidence: 2
Label: Diarrhoea
Infection (general)[9]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from antimicrobial action

Evidence: 2
Label: Infection (general)
Inflammation (general)[8]Traditional · 2/10

Anti-inflammatory gargle / mouthwash for sore throat and oral mucosa inflammation

Evidence: 2
Label: Inflammation (general)
Oral & throat health[8]Traditional · 2/10

Anti-inflammatory gargle / mouthwash for sore throat and oral mucosa inflammation

Evidence: 2
Label: Oral & throat health
Skin irritation[8, 9]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from astringent action

Evidence: 2
Label: Skin irritation
Sore throat[8]Traditional · 2/10

Anti-inflammatory gargle / mouthwash for sore throat and oral mucosa inflammation

Evidence: 2
Label: Sore throat
Wounds[7, 8, 9]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from astringent action

Evidence: 2
Label: Wounds

Safety, Cautions & Contraindications

Safety note[13, 14, 15]Caution

• Food use is generally safe for most people (leaf in salads, seed as spice) (Burdock & Carabin, 2009). • Allergy is the main “big warning.” Coriander can trigger reactions ranging from mild oral itching to more serious allergy in sensitive people, especially those with pollen allergies (e.g., birch/mugwort) or other Apiaceae spice allergies (Thermo Fisher/Phadia, n.d.; Berghea et al., 2025). • If you use supplements (capsules/powder) and you take diabetes medication, be cautious: coriander seed powder has shown blood-sugar improvements in a small human trial, so it may add to the effect of glucose-lowering meds (Zamany et al., 2025). • Essential oil is not the same as the spice. Coriander essential oil is highly concentrated and should not be taken internally in “DIY doses.” It can be irritating, and safety data are discussed mainly for food-flavouring levels—not self-prescribed medicinal dosing (Burdock & Carabin, 2009). • Pregnancy / breastfeeding: normal culinary amounts are generally considered fine; “medicinal-dose” supplements or essential oil are best avoided unless guided by a qualified professional because safety data at higher doses is limited (Burdock & Carabin, 2009).

Safety note[13, 14, 15, 16]Caution

Duke (2002) provides clinical evidence (score 2) for coriander's role as an aperitif (appetite stimulant) and digestive tonic, consistent with Commission E approval. It demonstrates antispasmodic, carminative, and antifungal activities at the experimental level. Dose: 1–3 g crushed fruits (seeds) three times daily, or equivalent preparations. Duke notes mild hypoglycemic activity and a potential antiimplantation effect in high doses — use with caution in women attempting pregnancy (Duke, 2002).

Safety note[8]Info

Tannin-rich: high or prolonged intake may cause stomach upset or constipation and can reduce the absorption of iron and some medicines taken at the same time.

Safety note[8]Info

Traditional use only; diarrhoea that persists (especially in children) needs medical assessment and attention to rehydration.

External Ids

Gbif: 3034871
Wikidata: Q41611
Gbif: 8436459
Wikidata: Q13541716

Botanical Description

Slender annual herb with delicate, broad, lobed lower leaves and finely divided, feathery upper leaves - a marked contrast within the same plant. Small white or pale pink flowers are borne in flat compound umbels, followed by round, ridged, aromatic seeds. The fresh leaf ('cilantro') has a distinctive citrusy aroma, often described as soapy by those with a genetic sensitivity to it.[4]

Height: 30-70 cm
Habit: Slender, erect annual herb
Leaves: Lower leaves broad and lobed; upper leaves finely divided and feathery
Flowers: Small white or pale pink flowers in flat compound umbels
Stem: Slender, erect, branching, hollow
Root: Slender taproot
Fruit: Round, ridged, aromatic seed (mericarp)
Flowering Period: June-August

Scrambling, thorny deciduous shrub (Rosaceae) forming dense thickets, with arching prickly stems that root at the tip. Leaves are palmately compound, usually with 3-5 toothed leaflets. White to pale pink, five-petalled flowers are followed by clusters of small drupelets forming the blackberry fruit, ripening from red to glossy black.[8]

Height: Scrambling/arching canes, typically 1-3 m
Habit: Scrambling, thorny, thicket-forming shrub
Leaves: Palmately compound, usually 3-5 toothed leaflets
Flowers: White to pale pink, five-petalled
Stem: Arching, prickly, rooting at the tip
Root: Woody perennial root system
Fruit: Cluster of drupelets, ripening red to glossy black
Flowering Period: June-August

Habitat

Believed native to the Mediterranean region and Western Asia; cultivated worldwide as a culinary herb and spice crop on well-drained, sunny sites.[4]

Native throughout Europe and widely naturalised elsewhere, an aggressive coloniser of hedgerows, woodland edges, scrub and waste ground. 'Rubus fruticosus' is a taxonomically complex aggregate comprising hundreds of closely related microspecies.[8]

Harvesting

Leaves are picked fresh through the growing season, before the plant bolts (flowers), when the flavour is best; the seed is harvested in late summer once the umbels have browned and dried, then threshed; the root can be dug at the same time as young leaves.

Parts: Leaf, Root, Seed, Stem
Season: Leaf before flowering; seed in late summer

Leaves are picked fresh throughout the growing season and dried for tea; berries are picked in late summer once fully ripe.[8]

Parts: Leaf
Season: Leaf throughout the growing season

Traditional Uses

Coriander seed and leaf have a very long culinary and medicinal history across the Mediterranean, Middle East and Asia as a digestive carminative for indigestion, bloating and cramping, and, more recently, studied for calming/anxiolytic effects on the central nervous system alongside cardiovascular and metabolic benefits.[1, 4]

Blackberry leaf has a long European folk-medicine tradition as an astringent gargle for sore throat and mouth ulcers, and as a remedy for mild diarrhoea, reflecting its high tannin content; the berries themselves are valued as a nutritious, antioxidant-rich food.[8]

Preparations

Standardised extract[1]

Seed powder or extract studied for glycaemic and psychiatric-symptom support in clinical and preclinical work.

Infusion (tea)[8]

Dried leaf steeped in hot water, taken internally or used as a gargle/mouthwash.

Gargle/mouthwash[8]

A stronger leaf infusion used topically for sore throat and mouth irritation.

References

REF-0779, REF-0780, REF-0781, REF-1700, REF-1701, REF-1702, REF-1703, REF-1704, REF-1705, REF-1706, REF-1707, REF-1708
REF-0713, REF-0714, REF-0715, REF-2548, REF-2549, REF-2550, REF-2551

Lookalikes Review

Outcome: has-lookalikes
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07
Outcome: none-known
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07

Dangerous Lookalikes

Safety note[17, 18, 19]Fatal
Dangerous Plant: conium-maculatum
Confused Part: Young, finely divided fern-like leaves resembling cilantro foliage, and volunteer seedlings appearing among planted coriander.
Confusion Context: Poison hemlock (Conium maculatum) is the classic fatal mimic of edible parsley-family plants. King County (Washington) states it can be confused with many edible members of the parsley family, and coriander/cilantro is one such flat-leaved edible; a poison-hemlock seedling volunteering among planted coriander is a realistic garden hazard. Conium contains coniine and kills by ascending paralysis and respiratory failure - a few leaves or seeds can be fatal. Coriander-specific case reports are sparse (most documented hemlock poisonings involve other Apiaceae), so the value of this record is the rock-solid tests below rather than a claim that this exact swap is common.
Distinguishing Features: SMELL (decisive): crushed coriander smells strongly and pleasantly of cilantro (citrusy, to some soapy). Poison hemlock smells rank, musty and mouse-like, with no cilantro note., Stem: poison hemlock has a hairless, hollow stem conspicuously blotched and streaked with red-purple, especially near the base. Coriander stems are plain green and never carry purple blotches., Stature/leaf: poison hemlock is a tall (often 1.5-2.5 m) branching biennial with large, glossy, highly divided fern-like leaves; cultivated coriander is a small low herb. A large fern-leaved umbellifer with a purple-blotched stem is not coriander.
Key Test: Crush a leaf and smell it, and look at the stem. A pleasant citrusy cilantro scent with a plain green stem = coriander. A musty/mousy smell and/or a hairless stem with red-purple blotches = poison hemlock - do not eat. If either warning sign is present, discard it.
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07
Safety note[20, 21, 22]Dangerous
Dangerous Plant: aethusa-cynapium
Confused Part: Young flat, divided leaves resembling those of flat-leaf parsley and coriander/cilantro, and the whole leafy plant before or at flowering.
Confusion Context: Aethusa cynapium is named 'fool's parsley' precisely because it is the classic toxic mimic of flat-leaved culinary parsley-family herbs - parsley, and by close leaf-resemblance coriander/cilantro. It contains toxic polyacetylenes; ingestion has caused inflammation of the mouth and throat, abdominal pain and nervous-system effects, and poisonings have arisen from eating it in mistake for parsley. It is generally serious rather than fatal at typical exposures.
Distinguishing Features: BRACTEOLE 'beard' (in flower): fool's parsley bears 3-4 long, narrow, downward-hanging strongly reflexed bracteoles on the outer side of each secondary umbel - a distinctive drooping beard. Coriander umbels have no such drooping bracteoles., Smell when crushed: coriander smells strongly and pleasantly of cilantro; fool's parsley smells foul, acrid and mouse-like ('mousey')., Leaves/flowers: fool's parsley is hairless with darker, glossier finely dissected leaves and white flowers, and lacks the fresh cilantro scent.
Key Test: Crush a leaf and smell it: a strong cilantro scent = coriander (safe); a foul, acrid, mouse-like smell = fool's parsley. If in flower, confirm by the 3-4 long drooping reflexed bracteoles (the 'beard') under the secondary umbels, which coriander never has.
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07

Not documented

Dosage

Not documented

Infusion (tea)[8]

Traditional guidance suggests roughly 2-4 g dried leaf per cup as an infusion, up to three times daily, or used as a gargle at similar strength. Educational reference only, not a prescription.

References & Sources

  1. Santibáñez, A., Jiménez-Ferrer, E., Angulo-Bejarano, P.I., Sharma, A. and Herrera-Ruiz, M (2023) 'Coriandrum sativum and Its Utility in Psychiatric Disorders', Molecules, 28(14), pp. 5314. doi:10.3390/molecules28145314 Traditional / reference
    https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28145314
  2. Wei, J.N., Liu, Z.H., Zhao, Y.P., Zhao, L.L. et al (2019) 'Phytochemical and bioactive profile of Coriandrum sativum L', Food Chemistry, 286, pp. 260-267. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.01.171 Traditional / reference
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.01.171
  3. Hosseini, M., Boskabady, M.H. and Khazdair, M.R (2021) 'Neuroprotective effects of Coriandrum sativum and its constituent, linalool: A review', Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine, 11(5), pp. 436-450. doi:10.22038/AJP.2021.55681.2786 Traditional / reference
    https://doi.org/10.22038/AJP.2021.55681.2786
  4. Mahleyuddin, N.N., Moshawih, S., Ming, L.C., Zulkifly, H.H., Kifli, N. and Loy, M.J (2021) 'Coriandrum sativum L.: A Review on Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry, and Cardiovascular Benefits', Molecules, 27(1), pp. 209. doi:10.3390/molecules27010209 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27010209
  5. Prachayasittikul, V., Prachayasittikul, S., Ruchirawat, S. and Prachayasittikul, V (2017) 'Coriander (Coriandrum sativum): A promising functional food toward the well-being', Food Research International, 105, pp. 305-323. doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2017.11.019 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2017.11.019
  6. Laribi, B., Kouki, K., M'Hamdi, M. and Bettaieb, T (2015) 'Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) and its bioactive constituents', Fitoterapia, 103, pp. 9-26. doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2015.03.012 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2015.03.012
  7. Sahib, N.G., Anwar, F., Gilani, A.H., Hamid, A.A., Saari, N. and Alkharfy, K.M (2012) 'Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.): a potential source of high-value components for functional foods and nutraceuticals - a review', Phytotherapy Research, 27(10), pp. 1439-1456. doi:10.1002/ptr.4897 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.4897
  8. Scandar, S., Zadra, C. and Marcotullio, M.C (2023) 'Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) Polyphenols and Their Nutraceutical Value against Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome', Molecules, 28(10), pp. 4187. doi:10.3390/molecules28104187 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28104187
  9. Al-Khayri, J.M., Banadka, A., Nandhini, M., Nagella, P., Al-Mssallem, M.Q. and Alessa, F.M (2023) 'Coriandrum sativum Essential Oil: A review on Its Phytochemistry and Biological Activity', Molecules, 28(2), pp. 696. doi:10.3390/molecules28020696 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28020696
  10. Kukner, A., Soyler, G., Toros, P., Dede, G., Mericli, F. and Isik, S (2020) 'Protective effect of Coriandrum sativum extract against inflammation and apoptosis in liver ischaemia/reperfusion injury', Folia Morphologica, 80(2), pp. 363-371. doi:10.5603/FM.a2020.0060 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.5603/FM.a2020.0060
  11. Liu, Q.F., Jeong, H., Lee, J.H., Hong, Y.K., Oh, Y. and Kim, Y.M (2016) 'Coriandrum sativum Suppresses Abeta42-Induced ROS Increases, Glial Cell Proliferation, and ERK Activation', American Journal of Chinese Medicine, 44(7), pp. 1325-1347. doi:10.1142/S0192415X16500749 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1142/S0192415X16500749
  12. Koppula, S., Alluri, R. and Kopalli, S.R (2021) 'Coriandrum sativum attenuates microglia mediated neuroinflammation and MPTP-induced behavioral and oxidative changes in Parkinson's disease mouse model', EXCLI Journal, 20, pp. 835-850. doi:10.17179/excli2021-3668 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.17179/excli2021-3668
  13. Laribi, B., Kouki, K., M'Hamdi, M. and Bettaieb, T (2015) 'Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) and its bioactive constituents', pp. 9--26. Traditional / reference
    https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Coriander%20%28Coriandrum%20sativum%20L.%29%20and%20its%20bioactive%20constituents
  14. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (n.d.). Available at: https://powo.science.kew.org Traditional / reference
    https://powo.science.kew.org
  15. World Health Organization (1999) 'WHO Monographs on Selected Medicinal Plants'. Traditional / reference
    https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=WHO%20Monographs%20on%20Selected%20Medicinal%20Plants
  16. Duke, J.A (2002) 'Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, Second Edition'. Traditional / reference
    https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Handbook%20of%20Medicinal%20Herbs%2C%20Second%20Edition
  17. Dayan, A.D (2024) 'Death of Socrates: a likely case of poison hemlock (Conium maculatum) poisoning', Clinical Toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.), 62(1), pp. 56-60. doi:10.1080/15563650.2024.2309328 Clinical study
    https://doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2024.2309328
  18. King County Noxious Weeds (2024) 'Poison hemlock (Conium maculatum) identification and control'. Available at: https://kingcounty.gov/en/dept/dnrp/nature-recreation/environment-ecology-conservation/noxious-weeds/identification-control/poison-hemlock Traditional / reference
    https://kingcounty.gov/en/dept/dnrp/nature-recreation/environment-ecology-conservation/noxious-weeds/identification-control/poison-hemlock
  19. Grow Forage Cook Ferment 'Poison Hemlock: How to Identify and Potential Look-alikes'. Available at: https://www.growforagecookferment.com/poison-hemlock/ Traditional / reference
    https://www.growforagecookferment.com/poison-hemlock/
  20. Teuscher, E. and Greger, H. and Adrian, V (1990) 'Toxicity of Aethusa cynapium L. (fool's parsley)', Pharmazie, 45(7), pp. 537-8. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2236201/ Preclinical
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2236201/
  21. Minnesota Wildflowers (2024) 'Aethusa cynapium (Fool's Parsley)'. Available at: https://www.minnesotawildflowers.info/flower/fools-parsley Traditional / reference
    https://www.minnesotawildflowers.info/flower/fools-parsley
  22. Botanical Society of Scotland (2023) 'Plant of the Week: Fool's Parsley (Aethusa cynapium)'. Available at: https://botsoc.scot/2023/08/20/plant-of-the-week-21st-august-2023-fools-parsley-aethusa-cynapium/ Traditional / reference
    https://botsoc.scot/2023/08/20/plant-of-the-week-21st-august-2023-fools-parsley-aethusa-cynapium/
  1. Zia-Ul-Haq, M., Riaz, M., De Feo, V., Jaafar, H.Z.E. and Moga, M (2014) 'Rubus fruticosus L.: constituents, biological activities and health related uses', Molecules, 19(8), pp. 10998-11029. doi:10.3390/molecules190810998 Traditional / reference
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    https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27154859

Generated automatically from the Omnia Sana plant database and its cited sources. For educational purposes only — not medical advice. Always consult a qualified practitioner before using medicinal plants.