Plant Comparison

Lesser Burdock vs Common Sorrel

A side-by-side comparison of two medicinal plants — every documented constituent, action, use, safety note and cited source, assembled automatically from the Omnia Sana database.

First plant
Second plant
Show:
Plant ALesser BurdockArctium minusAsteraceaeFull monograph →
Plant BCommon SorrelRumex acetosaPolygonaceaeFull monograph →

At a glance

Lesser Burdock and Common Sorrel: they share 6 indicated uses (arthritis / joint pain, inflammation (general), skin irritation, …); 3 pharmacological actions in common.

Lesser BurdockCommon Sorrel
Constituents34
Pharmacological actions55
Indicated uses1110
Safety notes22
Cited sources2016
Indicated uses
Only Lesser Burdock
AcneCancer (anticancer research)Detox / cleansingEczemaPsoriasis
Shared (6)
Arthritis / joint painInflammation (general)Skin irritationSwelling / fluid retentionUrinary supportUrinary tract infection (UTI)
Only Common Sorrel
BloatingIndigestionInfection (general)Wounds
Pharmacological actions
Only Lesser Burdock
Alterative / depurative ('detox')Anticancer (preclinical)
Shared (3)
Anti-inflammatoryAntioxidantDiuretic
Only Common Sorrel
AntimicrobialDigestive aid

Evidence face-off — shared uses

ConditionLesser BurdockCommon SorrelVerdict
Arthritis / joint pain1/101/10Comparable evidence
Inflammation (general)1/102/10Comparable evidence
Skin irritation1/101/10Comparable evidence
Swelling / fluid retention1/101/10Comparable evidence
Urinary support1/101/10Comparable evidence
Urinary tract infection (UTI)1/101/10Comparable evidence

Evidence scores (1–10) are computed from the tier of each cited source. “Comparable” means the two scores are within one point. Follow a score to its detailed sources.

Key Constituents

Inulin (prebiotic fructan, up to ~50% of the root)[15, 16]

The major storage carbohydrate; a prebiotic fibre.

PolysaccharidesInulin
Lignans (arctigenin, arctiin)[15]

Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant constituents.

Arctigenin / arctiinLignans
Polyphenolic acids (caffeic, chlorogenic), polyacetylenes and tannins[16]

Antimicrobial and antioxidant constituents.

Chlorogenic acidCaffeic acidTannins
Oxalic acid and oxalates[11]

Gives the leaf its characteristic sour taste; the basis for the caution around kidney stones and mineral absorption at high intakes.

Anthraquinones[3]

Minor constituents typical of the Rumex genus, studied alongside other isolated compounds for antibacterial activity against Helicobacter pylori.

Anthraquinones
Flavonoids and tannins[7]

Contribute to antioxidant and mild astringent activity.

FlavonoidsTannins
Vitamin C[11]

The basis for the plant's traditional antiscorbutic (anti-scurvy) reputation.

Pharmacological Actions

Alterative / depurative ('detox')[15, 16, 17]

Traditional 'alterative' / depurative for chronic skin conditions - eczema, psoriasis, acne and boils (internally and topically)

Anti-inflammatory[4, 5, 15]

Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant

Anticancer (preclinical)[6, 7, 11]

Lesser burdock (Arctium minus) leaf, flower and root extracts (rich in arctiin/arctigenin and chlorogenic acid) are cytotoxic to breast and liver cancer cells, including multidrug-resistant tumour lines (preclinical).

Antioxidant[5, 6, 10, 15]

Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant

Diuretic[15, 16]

Mild diuretic supporting elimination ('detox', traditional)

Anti-inflammatory[8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13]
Antimicrobial[3, 8, 11, 12, 13]
Antioxidant[7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13]
Digestive aid[9, 11, 12, 13]
Diuretic[11, 12, 13]

Traditional & Indicated Uses

Acne[15, 16, 17]Traditional · 1/10

Sebaceous-gland regulator - helps balance skin oil (acne); Traditional 'alterative' / depurative for chronic skin conditions - eczema, psoriasis, acne and boils (internally and topically)

Evidence: 1
Label: Acne
Arthritis / joint pain[15]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 1
Label: Arthritis / joint pain
Cancer (anticancer research)[6, 7, 11]Traditional · 2/10

Arctium minus extracts show dose-dependent cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer and HepG2 liver cancer cells and are active against both sensitive and multidrug-resistant tumour cell lines (preclinical).

Evidence: 2
Label: Cancer (anticancer research)
Detox / cleansing[15, 16, 17]Traditional · 1/10

Mild diuretic supporting elimination ('detox', traditional); Traditional 'alterative' / depurative for chronic skin conditions - eczema, psoriasis, acne and boils (internally and topically)

Evidence: 1
Label: Detox / cleansing
Eczema[15, 16, 17]Traditional · 1/10

Traditional 'alterative' / depurative for chronic skin conditions - eczema, psoriasis, acne and boils (internally and topically)

Evidence: 1
Label: Eczema
Inflammation (general)[15]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 1
Label: Inflammation (general)
Psoriasis[15, 16, 17]Traditional · 1/10

Traditional 'alterative' / depurative for chronic skin conditions - eczema, psoriasis, acne and boils (internally and topically)

Evidence: 1
Label: Psoriasis
Skin irritation[15]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 1
Label: Skin irritation
Swelling / fluid retention[15, 16]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from diuretic action

Evidence: 1
Label: Swelling / fluid retention
Urinary support[15, 16]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from diuretic action

Evidence: 1
Label: Urinary support
Urinary tract infection (UTI)[15, 16]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from diuretic action

Evidence: 1
Label: Urinary tract infection (UTI)
Arthritis / joint pain[11, 12, 13]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 1
Label: Arthritis / joint pain
Bloating[11, 12, 13]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from digestive action

Evidence: 1
Label: Bloating
Indigestion[3, 11, 12, 13]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from digestive action

Evidence: 2
Label: Indigestion
Infection (general)[3, 11, 12, 13]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from antimicrobial action

Evidence: 2
Label: Infection (general)
Inflammation (general)[10, 11, 12, 13]Traditional · 2/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 2
Label: Inflammation (general)
Skin irritation[11, 12, 13]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 1
Label: Skin irritation
Swelling / fluid retention[11, 12, 13]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from diuretic action

Evidence: 1
Label: Swelling / fluid retention
Urinary support[11, 12, 13]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from diuretic action

Evidence: 1
Label: Urinary support
Urinary tract infection (UTI)[11, 12, 13]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from diuretic action

Evidence: 1
Label: Urinary tract infection (UTI)
Wounds[8, 11, 12, 13]Traditional · 1/10

inferred from antimicrobial action

Evidence: 1
Label: Wounds

Safety, Cautions & Contraindications

Safety note[16]Info

As a member of the daisy family (Asteraceae), it can cause allergic reactions in people sensitive to ragweed and related plants. The high inulin content can cause temporary bloating or gas.

Safety note[16]Caution

May lower blood sugar (caution with antidiabetic medicines) and add to diuretics; avoid medicinal doses in pregnancy.

Safety note[11, 12, 13]Caution

High in oxalates (the sour taste): Large, frequent amounts can be a bad idea if you’re prone to kidney or bladder stones, or certain “rheumatic-type” complaints (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, n.d.). Moderation matters: Measured oxalate levels in leaves can be high, and researchers recommend treating sorrel more like an occasional delicacy than a daily staple (Tuazon-Nartea & Savage, 2013). Mineral binding: Oxalic acid can reduce how much calcium you absorb from a meal (Tuazon-Nartea & Savage, 2013). Sensitive stomach/mouth: Very sour leaves can irritate some people (common-sense caution; strongest source is the oxalate discussion above). Pregnancy/lactation: As a normal food herb in culinary amounts is generally considered fine, but avoid high-dose “medicinal” use because safety data are limited (Bello et al., 2019). Foraging safety (important): Sorrel can accumulate heavy metals depending on where it grows; avoid harvesting near roads/industrial areas (Gawęda, 2009).

Safety note[11, 12, 13, 14]Caution

Duke (2002) rates sorrel as ++ and notes diuretic, antiscorbutic (high vitamin C), and depurative activities at experimental and folkloric levels. The plant is traditionally used for anemia, fever, and scurvy prevention. High oxalic acid content is an important consideration — excessive consumption can promote kidney stone formation (oxalate stones) and may be harmful in individuals with gout or existing kidney disease. Duke advises limiting medicinal use and avoiding in those with a history of calcium oxalate kidney stones (Duke, 2002).

External Ids

Gbif: 5393103
Wikidata: Q20996
Gbif: 2888951
Wikidata: Q26297

Botanical Description

Biennial herb closely related to greater burdock, forming a first-year rosette of large, heart-shaped, long-stalked leaves, green above and grey-woolly beneath, generally smaller than Arctium lappa. In the second year it produces a branching flowering stem with smaller purple thistle-like flower heads in a looser, more sprawling habit, each enclosed in a globe of hooked bracts that ripen into clinging burrs.[15]

Height: 0.5-1.5 m (flowering stem, second year)
Habit: Biennial herb; first-year rosette, sprawling branched second-year stem
Leaves: Large, heart-shaped, long-stalked, green above and grey-woolly beneath (smaller than A. lappa)
Flowers: Smaller purple thistle-like flower heads in a looser, sprawling arrangement, enclosed in hooked bracts
Stem: Branching, more sprawling than A. lappa (second year only)
Root: Long, fleshy first-year taproot ('wild rhubarb')
Fruit: Bristly, hooked burr enclosing small achenes
Flowering Period: July-September (second year)

Perennial herb (Polygonaceae), 30-100 cm tall, with erect, often reddish, ridged flowering stems. Basal leaves are arrow- (hastate-) shaped with backward-pointing basal lobes, and sour-tasting from oxalic acid content. Tiny reddish-brown flowers are borne in narrow, branched spikes; the species is dioecious, with separate male and female plants.[11]

Height: 30-100 cm
Habit: Erect perennial herb, dioecious
Leaves: Arrow- (hastate-) shaped with backward-pointing basal lobes, sour-tasting
Flowers: Tiny, reddish-brown, in narrow branched spikes
Stem: Erect, often reddish, ridged
Root: Fibrous perennial rootstock
Fruit: Small three-angled achenes
Flowering Period: May-June, fruiting through summer

Habitat

A common weed of waste ground, roadsides, hedgerows and disturbed soil; native to Europe and widely naturalised in North America, where it is often the most common wild burdock species.[15]

Native throughout Europe and temperate Asia, common in meadows, grassland, pastures and roadside verges on a wide range of soils, tolerating both damp and dry ground.[11]

Harvesting

The root is dug at the end of the first growing season or early in the second spring, before flowering; leaf may be gathered through the first year. Careful identification against deadly nightshade, whose root can resemble burdock, is essential before digging.[15]

Parts: Root (and leaf)
Season: End of year one or start of year two, before flowering

Leaves are gathered fresh in spring and early summer, before flowering, when they are most tender and least bitter. Avoid harvesting near roads or industrial areas, given the plant's tendency to accumulate heavy metals.[11]

Parts: Leaf, Stem
Season: Spring to early summer, before flowering

Traditional Uses

Lesser burdock is used interchangeably with the better-studied Arctium lappa in Western herbal medicine, as a traditional alterative/depurative for chronic skin conditions such as eczema, psoriasis and acne, and as a mild diuretic supporting elimination.[15, 16]

Common sorrel has a long European culinary-medicinal tradition as a refreshing, vitamin-C-rich spring green and digestive bitter, and folk-medicinally as a diuretic and mild antiscorbutic (anti-scurvy) remedy. Modern research confirms antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity of its leaf extracts.[11]

Preparations

Decoction (root)[15]

Dried or fresh root simmered in water as a traditional alterative and skin-support decoction.

Topical wash[15]

Cooled decoction used as a topical wash for eczema, acne and other skin irritation, reflecting the traditional external alterative use.

Fresh leaf (culinary)[11]

Eaten raw in salads or cooked into soups - the traditional spring tonic use.

Infusion (tea)[11]

Dried leaf steeped in hot water, a traditional digestive/diuretic preparation.

References

REF-0723, REF-0722, REF-0724, REF-1924, REF-1925, REF-1926, REF-1927, REF-1928, REF-1929, REF-1930, REF-1931, REF-1932, REF-1933, REF-1934
REF-0890, REF-0891, REF-0892, REF-0893, REF-0894, REF-0895, REF-0896, REF-0897, REF-0898, REF-0899

Lookalikes Review

Outcome: has-lookalikes
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07
Outcome: has-lookalikes
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07

Dangerous Lookalikes

Safety note[18, 19, 20]Fatal
Dangerous Plant: atropa-belladonna
Confused Part: First-year taproots dug for use as food or 'burdock root tea'; the root of deadly nightshade closely resembles a burdock root and the two grow as weeds in the same rough ground.
Confusion Context: Lesser burdock (Arctium minus) is dug for its long first-year taproot, used as a vegetable and as 'burdock root tea.' Deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna) grows as a weed in the same disturbed ground and its root closely resembles a burdock root, so belladonna root can be gathered or processed in mistake for burdock. This has caused real poisonings: a JAMA case report (Bryson et al., 1978) describes atropine poisoning from a commercial burdock root tea, and belladonna-contaminated herbal teas have caused severe anticholinergic poisoning from as little as a few milligrams of atropine. Belladonna contains tropane alkaloids (atropine, hyoscyamine, scopolamine); poisoning causes dry flushed skin, widely dilated pupils, blurred vision, fever, a racing heart, agitation, hallucinations, seizures and can be fatal, especially in children.
Distinguishing Features: Whole plant: only dig burdock when you can match the whole living plant - burdock has huge rhubarb-like heart-shaped leaves that are whitish-woolly underneath and, in its second year, the familiar hooked burrs. Deadly nightshade is a branching plant with dull green oval pointed leaves, solitary purple-brown bell-shaped flowers and shiny black cherry-sized berries., Berries (decisive if present): burdock never bears berries - it makes bristly burrs. A plant near your 'burdock' bearing shiny black berries in green star-shaped calyces is deadly nightshade - do not dig roots from that ground., Best practice: because the roots alone are hard to tell apart, do not wild-harvest burdock root unless an expert has confirmed the living plant - buy it from a reputable supplier instead.
Key Test: Identify the whole living plant before digging any root. Confirm large rhubarb-like leaves that are woolly-white underneath (and hooked burrs in the second year) for burdock. If there are shiny black berries, purple-brown bell-shaped flowers or oval pointed leaves among the plants, deadly nightshade may be present - do not dig or brew root tea from there. When in doubt, buy burdock rather than foraging the root.
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07
Safety note[15, 16]Dangerous
Dangerous Plant: arum-maculatum
Confused Part: Young arrow-shaped spring leaves gathered as a tangy salad or pot herb; lords-and-ladies pushes up similar arrow-shaped leaves in the same season.
Confusion Context: Common sorrel (Rumex acetosa) is foraged in spring for its lemony arrow-shaped leaves. Lords-and-ladies (Arum maculatum, cuckoo-pint) unfurls similar arrow- to heart-shaped leaves at the same time and, as the Foraging Course Company notes, can be confused with common sorrel. Arum is one of the commonest causes of plant-poisoning hospital visits: every part contains sharp calcium oxalate crystals that cause intense burning and swelling of the mouth and throat, and severe cases can cause life-threatening throat swelling. Because young sorrel and young Arum both appear as arrow-shaped leaves in spring, this is a genuine hazard.
Distinguishing Features: Flower (decisive when present): lords-and-ladies has an unmistakable hooded flower - a pale green-and-purple cowl (spathe) wrapped around a finger-like spadix. Sorrel has tall slender stems of tiny reddish-brown flowers. A hooded cowl means Arum, never sorrel., Leaf lobes and veins: sorrel leaves have sharply pointed basal lobes that angle backwards and simple veins; Arum leaves are broader and glossy with rounded basal lobes, a netted (reticulate) vein pattern, and are often marked with dark purple-black blotches., Taste (sorrel only - never taste a suspected Arum): true sorrel is soft and pleasantly lemony-sour, whereas Arum is acrid and instantly burns the lips. If any burning or tingling starts, spit it out at once. Do not taste-test unless the flower or leaves have already confirmed sorrel.
Key Test: Look for the flower and leaf detail. A hooded green-purple cowl (spathe), glossy dark leaves with rounded lobes, netted veins and dark blotches = lords-and-ladies (Arum) - do not eat; it burns the mouth and throat. Slim reddish flower spikes with matt leaves, sharp backward-pointing lobes and a pleasant lemony taste = sorrel. If in any doubt, do not eat it.
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07

Dosage

Not documented

Fresh leaf / infusion[11]

Sorrel is best treated as an occasional food rather than a daily medicinal herb, given its oxalate content; traditional infusions use roughly 2-4 g dried leaf per cup, taken occasionally rather than regularly. Educational reference only, not a prescription; avoid large or frequent amounts if prone to kidney stones or gout.

References & Sources

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  1. Jeong, D., Irfan, M., Kim, S.D., Kim, S. and others (2020) 'Rumex acetosa modulates platelet function and inhibits thrombus formation in rats', BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies, 20(1), pp. 98. doi:10.1186/s12906-020-02889-5 Preclinical
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  2. Oh, D.R., Kim, Y., Choi, E.J., Jung, M.A. and others (2025) 'Rumex acetosa L. enhances learning and cognitive function by modulating NMDA receptor and BDNF pathways in vitro and in vivo', Metabolic Brain Disease, 40(5), pp. 185. doi:10.1007/s11011-025-01608-8 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-025-01608-8
  3. Kang, Y.M., Lee, K.Y., An, H.J. and others (2023) 'Anti-Helicobacter pylori Activity of Six Major Compounds Isolated from Rumex acetosa', ACS Omega, 8(45), pp. 42548-42554. doi:10.1021/acsomega.3c05282 Preclinical
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  4. Sun, Y.Y., Su, X.H., Jin, J.Y., Zhou, J. and others (2015) 'Rumex acetosa L. induces vasorelaxation in rat aorta via activation of PI3-kinase/Akt- and Ca2+-eNOS-NO signaling in endothelial cells', Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 66(6), pp. 907-915. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26769840/ Preclinical
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26769840/
  5. Selbach, S., Klocke, A., Peters, U., Beckert, S. and others (2021) 'Microbiological and Clinical Effects of a Proanthocyanidin-enriched Extract from Rumex acetosa in Periodontally Healthy Carriers of Porphyromonas gingivalis: a Randomized Controlled Pilot Study', Planta Medica, 89(11), pp. 1052-1062. doi:10.1055/a-1728-2249 Randomized trial
    https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1728-2249
  6. Ahn, S.H., Jeon, J.H., Kim, H.J., Maeng, H.J. and others (2020) 'Effect of Rumex acetosa Extract, a Herbal Drug, on the Absorption of Fexofenadine', Pharmaceutics, 12(6), pp. 547. doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics12060547 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12060547
  7. Feduraev, P., Skrypnik, L., Nebreeva, S., Dzhobadze, G. and others (2022) 'Variability of Phenolic Compound Accumulation and Antioxidant Activity in Wild Plants of Some Rumex Species (Polygonaceae)', Antioxidants (Basel), 11(2), pp. 311. doi:10.3390/antiox11020311 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11020311
  8. Li, J.J., Li, Y.X., Li, N., Zhu, H.T. and others (2022) 'The genus Rumex (Polygonaceae): an ethnobotanical, phytochemical and pharmacological review', Natural Products and Bioprospecting, 12(1), pp. 21. doi:10.1007/s13659-022-00346-z Traditional / reference
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s13659-022-00346-z
  9. Prakash Mishra, A., Sharifi-Rad, M., Shariati, M.A., Mabkhot, Y.N. and others (2018) 'Bioactive compounds and health benefits of edible Rumex species - A review', Cellular and Molecular Biology, 64(8), pp. 27-34. doi:10.14715/cmb/2018.64.8.5 Traditional / reference
    https://doi.org/10.14715/cmb/2018.64.8.5
  10. Pan, Y., Zhao, X., Kim, S.H., Kang, S.A. and others (2020) 'Anti-inflammatory effects of Beopje curly dock (Rumex crispus L.) in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells and its active compounds', Journal of Food Biochemistry, 44(7), pp. e13291. doi:10.1111/jfbc.13291 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1111/jfbc.13291
  11. Chevallier, A (1996) 'The Encyclopedia of Medicinal Plants'. Traditional / reference
    https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=The%20Encyclopedia%20of%20Medicinal%20Plants
  12. Grieve, M (1931) 'A Modern Herbal'. Traditional / reference
    https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=A%20Modern%20Herbal
  13. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (n.d.). Available at: https://powo.science.kew.org Traditional / reference
    https://powo.science.kew.org
  14. Duke, J.A (2002) 'Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, Second Edition'. Traditional / reference
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  15. Foraging Course Company 'Foraging Guide: Lords and Ladies (Arum maculatum)'. Available at: https://www.foragingcoursecompany.co.uk/post/foraging-guide-lords-and-ladies Traditional / reference
    https://www.foragingcoursecompany.co.uk/post/foraging-guide-lords-and-ladies
  16. Wild Food UK (2020) 'Wild garlic impostors'. Available at: https://www.wildfooduk.com/articles/identifying-mushrooms-and-plants/wild-garlic-impostors/ Traditional / reference
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Generated automatically from the Omnia Sana plant database and its cited sources. For educational purposes only — not medical advice. Always consult a qualified practitioner before using medicinal plants.