Plant Comparison

Andrographis vs Turkey tail

A side-by-side comparison of two medicinal plants — every documented constituent, action, use, safety note and cited source, assembled automatically from the Omnia Sana database.

First plant
Second plant
Show:
Plant AAndrographisAndrographis paniculataAcanthaceaeFull monograph →
Plant BTurkey tailTrametes versicolorPolyporaceaeFull monograph →

At a glance

Andrographis and Turkey tail: they share 8 indicated uses (arthritis / joint pain, cancer (anticancer research), cold & flu, …); 5 pharmacological actions in common.

AndrographisTurkey tail
Constituents33
Pharmacological actions66
Indicated uses108
Safety notes32
Cited sources1717
Indicated uses
Only Andrographis
FeverSore throat
Shared (8)
Arthritis / joint painCancer (anticancer research)Cold & fluImmune supportInfection (general)Inflammation (general)Skin irritationWounds
Only Turkey tail
none
Pharmacological actions
Only Andrographis
Antipyretic (reduces fever)
Shared (5)
Anti-inflammatoryAnticancer (preclinical)AntimicrobialAntiviralImmunomodulator / immune support
Only Turkey tail
Antioxidant

Evidence face-off — shared uses

ConditionAndrographisTurkey tailVerdict
Arthritis / joint pain5/105/10Comparable evidence
Cancer (anticancer research)2/109/10Stronger for Turkey tail
Cold & flu8/105/10Stronger for Andrographis
Immune support5/105/10Comparable evidence
Infection (general)8/105/10Stronger for Andrographis
Inflammation (general)5/105/10Comparable evidence
Skin irritation5/105/10Comparable evidence
Wounds5/105/10Comparable evidence

Evidence scores (1–10) are computed from the tier of each cited source. “Comparable” means the two scores are within one point. Follow a score to its detailed sources.

Key Constituents

Diterpenoid lactones[2, 3, 10, 11]

Andrographolide is the principal active compound; also neoandrographolide and deoxyandrographolide.

Flavonoids[11]

Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory constituents.

Flavonoids
Polyphenols and other phenolics[11]

Contribute to antioxidant activity.

Phenolic compounds
Beta-glucan polysaccharides[11, 12]

The principal immunomodulating constituents, forming the basis of PSK/PSP extracts.

Polysaccharides
Polysaccharopeptide (PSK/PSP, protein-bound polysaccharide)[12]

Protein-bound polysaccharide complex studied extensively as an adjunct immunotherapy.

Polysaccharides
Phenolic compounds and triterpenes[13]

Minor antioxidant constituents.

Phenolic compoundsTerpenes / terpenoids

Pharmacological Actions

Anti-inflammatory[2, 7, 9, 10, 11]
Anticancer (preclinical)[14, 15, 16]

Andrographolide, the principal diterpene lactone of Andrographis paniculata, suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis across breast, lung, colon, cervical, hepatic and haematological cancers via NF-kappaB and PI3K/Akt inhibition (preclinical).

Antimicrobial[1, 6, 8, 10, 11]

Antimicrobial and antiviral

Antipyretic (reduces fever)[11, 17]

Antipyretic (fever)

Antiviral[1, 5, 8, 10, 11]

Antimicrobial and antiviral

Immunomodulator / immune support[10, 11]

Immunostimulant / immune support

Anti-inflammatory[11, 12, 13]
Anticancer (preclinical)[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13]
Antimicrobial[11, 12, 13]
Antioxidant[8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13]
Antiviral[11, 12, 13]
Immunomodulator / immune support[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, 12, 13]

Traditional & Indicated Uses

Arthritis / joint pain[10, 11]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 5
Label: Arthritis / joint pain
Cancer (anticancer research)[14, 15, 16]Traditional · 2/10

Andrographolide (from Andrographis paniculata) acts as a chemopreventive and antitumour agent against breast, lung, colorectal, cervical, prostate and hepatocellular cancers and leukaemia, inducing apoptosis and inhibiting NF-kappaB and PI3K/AKT signalling (preclinical).

Evidence: 2
Label: Cancer (anticancer research)
Cold & flu[10, 12, 17]Good · 8/10

Symptomatic relief of the common cold and acute upper respiratory tract infection (reduces symptom severity and duration)

Evidence: 8
Label: Cold & flu
Fever[11, 17]Traditional · 2/10

Antipyretic (fever)

Evidence: 2
Label: Fever
Immune support[10, 11]Moderate · 5/10

Immunostimulant / immune support

Evidence: 5
Label: Immune support
Infection (general)[10, 12, 17]Good · 8/10

Symptomatic relief of the common cold and acute upper respiratory tract infection (reduces symptom severity and duration)

Evidence: 8
Label: Infection (general)
Inflammation (general)[10, 11]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 5
Label: Inflammation (general)
Skin irritation[10, 11]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 5
Label: Skin irritation
Sore throat[12, 17]Good · 7/10
Evidence: 7
Label: Sore throat
Wounds[10, 11]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from antimicrobial action

Evidence: 5
Label: Wounds
Arthritis / joint pain[11, 12, 13]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 5
Label: Arthritis / joint pain
Cancer (anticancer research)[1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12]Strong · 9/10

inferred from anticancer action

Evidence: 9
Label: Cancer (anticancer research)
Cold & flu[11, 12, 13]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from antiviral action

Evidence: 5
Label: Cold & flu
Immune support[11, 12, 13]Moderate · 5/10
Evidence: 5
Label: Immune support
Infection (general)[11, 12, 13]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from antimicrobial action

Evidence: 5
Label: Infection (general)
Inflammation (general)[11, 12, 13]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 5
Label: Inflammation (general)
Skin irritation[11, 12, 13]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 5
Label: Skin irritation
Wounds[11, 12, 13]Moderate · 5/10

inferred from antimicrobial action

Evidence: 5
Label: Wounds

Safety, Cautions & Contraindications

Safety note[10, 17]Caution

Avoid in pregnancy and when trying to conceive: high doses have shown reproductive toxicity in animals and the herb has a traditional reputation as an abortifacient.

Safety note[10]Caution

High doses have caused nephrotoxicity and reproductive toxicity in studies; use standardized products at recommended doses and avoid prolonged high-dose use.

Safety note[10, 17]Caution

May lower blood pressure and blood sugar and may interact with anticoagulant/antiplatelet, antihypertensive and immunosuppressant medicines; allergic reactions can occur.

Safety note[11, 12, 13]Caution

Generally very safe and well tolerated. Rare cases of digestive upset or allergic reaction. No significant known drug interactions at normal doses. The PSK pharmaceutical form is used safely alongside standard cancer treatments. Suitable for most adults.

Safety note[11, 12, 13, 14]Info

Duke (2002) does not include a dedicated entry for Turkey tail mushroom (Trametes versicolor) in the Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, Second Edition.

External Ids

Gbif: 3173178
Powo: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:45226-1
Wikidata: Q1551608
Gbif: 2548311
Wikidata: Q753833

Botanical Description

Erect, branching annual herb with a slender, quadrangular (square-sectioned), dark green stem. The leaves are opposite, lance-shaped and glabrous, with a short stalk. Small, two-lipped, white flowers with purple-pink markings are borne in loose, spreading axillary and terminal racemes. The whole plant, and especially the leaves, is intensely and characteristically bitter.[11]

Height: 30-110 cm
Habit: Erect, branching annual herb
Leaves: Opposite, lance-shaped, glabrous, short-stalked
Flowers: Small, two-lipped, white flowers marked with purple-pink, in loose spreading racemes
Stem: Slender, quadrangular (square in cross-section), dark green, branching
Root: Shallow, fibrous root system
Fruit: Small, elastically dehiscent capsule
Flowering Period: September-December (varies by climate)

Bracket fungus (not a true plant) forming thin, tough, fan-shaped, overlapping shelves on dead or decaying hardwood, with a velvety, concentrically zoned upper surface in bands of brown, tan, cream, blue-grey and rust, and a white, minutely pored underside.

Height: Individual brackets 2-8 cm across, forming overlapping clusters
Habit: Bracket (shelf) fungus growing directly from dead wood, in tiered, overlapping clusters
Leaves: Not applicable (fungus); the fruiting body is a thin, tough bracket
Flowers: Not applicable (fungus); reproduces via spores released from pores on the underside
Stem: No true stem; the bracket attaches directly to the wood
Root: Not applicable; mycelium threads through the wood substrate
Fruit: Fan-shaped fruiting body (bracket) with a white, densely pored underside
Flowering Period: Fruiting bodies present year-round, most abundant in autumn

Habitat

Native to India and Sri Lanka and widely distributed through South and Southeast Asia, growing wild in plains, hillsides, roadsides and cultivated fields; also grown commercially as a medicinal crop.[11]

Grows on dead, dying or fallen hardwood logs, stumps and branches in woodlands worldwide, including Europe, Asia and North America.

Harvesting

The aerial parts (leaves and tender stems) are cut just before or at the onset of flowering, when andrographolide content is typically highest, and dried in shade to preserve the bitter diterpenoid lactones.[11]

Parts: Aerial parts (leaves and herb)
Season: Before to early flowering

Fresh brackets are harvested by cutting from the wood; for medicinal use the tough fruiting body is typically dried and then decocted (simmered) for a long time, or extracted, since the beneficial polysaccharides are not well-extracted by simple infusion.

Parts: Mycelium, Whole Plant
Season: Year-round, most abundant in autumn

Traditional Uses

Andrographis, the 'king of bitters', is a cornerstone bitter tonic of Ayurvedic and traditional Chinese medicine (Chuan xin lian), used for fevers, colds, sore throat, infections and liver complaints. This traditional reputation for treating the common cold and upper respiratory infections is now supported by clinical trials of standardised extracts.[10, 12]

Turkey tail has a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine (as yun zhi) and is one of the most researched medicinal mushrooms, with standardized polysaccharide-K (PSK) and polysaccharopeptide (PSP) extracts used clinically in Japan and China alongside conventional cancer treatment to support immune function.[11, 12, 13]

Preparations

Infusion/decoction[11]

Dried aerial parts infused or lightly decocted in hot water as a very bitter traditional fever and cold remedy.

Standardised extract[10, 12]

Extract standardised to andrographolide content, taken as tablets or capsules; the form used in most clinical trials for cold/URTI symptom relief.

Long decoction[11]

Dried fruiting body simmered in water for an extended period (often 1-2 hours) to extract the beta-glucan polysaccharides, then strained.

Standardized extract (PSK/PSP)[12]

Standardized polysaccharide-K (PSK) or polysaccharopeptide (PSP) extract, the pharmaceutical-grade forms used in clinical research.

Dosage

Standardised extract[10, 12]

Clinical trials for upper respiratory infection commonly use extracts standardised to around 60-120 mg andrographolide daily, in divided doses, for up to 5-7 days. Educational reference only, not a prescription.

Dried herb[13]

The WHO monograph on Herba Andrographidis gives, by indication - for the common cold, 1.5-3.0 g of the powdered crude drug three times daily, after meals and at bedtime; for pyrexia, a decoction from 3 g of the crude drug twice daily; for diarrhoea, a decoction from 3-9 g as a single dose as needed, or two 500 mg tablets four times daily. Note that the EMA HMPC assessed this herb and issued a public statement rather than a monograph, so there is no EU posology. Educational reference only, not a prescription.

Standardized extract[12]

Clinical research on PSK commonly uses around 3 g daily in divided doses. Educational reference only, not a prescription.

References

REF-1615, REF-1616, REF-1617, REF-1618, REF-1619, REF-1620, REF-1621, REF-1622, REF-1623
REF-1582, REF-1583, REF-1584, REF-1585, REF-1586, REF-1587, REF-1588, REF-1589, REF-1590, REF-1591

Lookalikes Review

Outcome: none-known
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07
Outcome: has-lookalikes
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07

Dangerous Lookalikes

Not documented

Safety note[15, 16, 17]Caution
Dangerous Plant: stereum-hirsutum
Confused Part: The whole fan-shaped bracket (the concentrically zoned shelf growing on dead hardwood), especially the top surface, which looks almost identical from above.
Confusion Context: False turkey tail (Stereum hirsutum, and the near-identical Stereum ostrea) is the commonest fungus mistaken for medicinal turkey tail. Seen from above the two are near-identical: overlapping, fan-shaped, concentrically banded, fuzzy-topped brackets on dead wood. Stereum is NOT poisonous - it is simply inedible (too thin and leathery) and there are no documented poisonings. The problem is that it is a crust fungus lacking the medicinal polysaccharides of true turkey tail, so anyone who brews it gets a worthless tea. This record exists to prevent a wasted, ineffective harvest, not to warn of poisoning.
Distinguishing Features: UNDERSIDE (decisive): true turkey tail has a whitish PORE surface underneath, densely covered with tiny pores/tubes (about 2-5 per mm, visible with a hand lens). False turkey tail (Stereum) has a completely SMOOTH, poreless underside - it is a crust fungus, not a polypore., Underside colour: true turkey tail's pore surface is white to off-white. Stereum's smooth underside is typically tan, yellowish, greyish or pale reddish-brown; a coloured, non-white underside is a red flag., Texture: true turkey tail is thin and flexible; Stereum tends to be tougher, more leathery and often wavier at the margin.
Key Test: Turn the bracket over and look at the underside with a hand lens. Genuine turkey tail shows a white surface densely covered in tiny pores (roughly 2-5 per mm). If the underside is SMOOTH and poreless (and often tan/orange/brown rather than white), it is false turkey tail (Stereum) - discard it. Smooth underside = not turkey tail.
Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)
Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07

References & Sources

  1. Okonogi, R. and others (2023) 'Efficacy of Andrographis paniculata spray in acute pharyngitis: A randomized controlled trial', Drug Discoveries & Therapeutics, 17(5), pp. 315-321. doi:10.5582/ddt.2023.01053 Randomized trial
    https://doi.org/10.5582/ddt.2023.01053
  2. Hossain, S., Urbi, Z., Karuniawati, H., Mohiuddin, R.B. and others (2018) 'Overview of pharmacological activities of Andrographis paniculata and its major compound andrographolide', Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 61(10), pp. 1635-1652. doi:10.1080/10408398.2018.1501657 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2018.1501657
  3. Worakunphanich, W. and others (2021) 'Andrographis paniculata Formulations: Impact on Diterpene Lactone Oral Bioavailability', European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, 46(5), pp. 565-581. doi:10.1007/s13318-021-00736-7 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s13318-021-00736-7
  4. Worakunphanich, W., Thavorncharoensap, M., Youngkong, S., Thakkinstian, A. and Chaikledkaew, U (2021) 'Safety of Andrographis paniculata: A systematic review and meta-analysis', Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, 30(6), pp. 727-739. doi:10.1002/pds.5190 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.1002/pds.5190
  5. Kumar, S., Singh, B. and Bajpai, V (2021) 'Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees and its major constituent andrographolide as potential antiviral agents', Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 274, pp. 113954. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2021.113954 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2021.113954
  6. Barbosa, F.L. and others (2021) 'Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall. ex Nees: An Updated Review of Phytochemistry, Antimicrobial Pharmacology, and Clinical Safety and Efficacy', Life, 11(4), pp. 348. doi:10.3390/life11040348 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.3390/life11040348
  7. Singh, P. and others (2022) 'Andrographis paniculata mitigates first-line anti-tubercular drugs-induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar rats', Biomarkers, 27(4), pp. 385-394. doi:10.1080/1354750X.2022.2043444 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1080/1354750X.2022.2043444
  8. Coon, J.T. and Ernst, E (2004) 'Andrographis paniculata in the symptomatic treatment of uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infection: systematic review of randomized controlled trials', Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, 29(1), pp. 37-45. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2710.2003.00534.x Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2710.2003.00534.x
  9. Rondee, N. and others (2023) 'The Effects of Andrographis paniculata (Burm.F.) Wall. Ex Nees and Andrographolide on Neuroinflammation in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases', Nutrients, 15(15), pp. 3428. doi:10.3390/nu15153428 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15153428
  10. Zeng, B., Wei, A., Zhou, Q., Yuan, M., Lei, K., Liu, Y., Song, J., Guo, L. and Ye, Q (2021) 'Andrographolide: A review of its pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, toxicity and clinical trials and pharmaceutical researches', Phytotherapy Research. doi:10.1002/ptr.7324 Randomized trial
    https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.7324
  11. Gonde, D.P., Bhole, B.K. and Kakad, K.S (2023) 'Andrographolide, diterpenoid constituent of Andrographis paniculata: Review on botany, phytochemistry, molecular docking analysis, and pharmacology', Annales Pharmaceutiques Francaises. doi:10.1016/j.pharma.2023.10.001 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharma.2023.10.001
  12. Hu, X.Y., Wu, R.H., Logue, M., Blondel, C., Lai, L.Y.W., Stuart, B., Flower, A., Fei, Y.T., Moore, M., Shepherd, J., Liu, J.P. and Lewith, G (2017) 'Andrographis paniculata (Chuan Xin Lian) for symptomatic relief of acute respiratory tract infections in adults and children: A systematic review and meta-analysis', PLoS ONE. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0181780 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0181780
  13. World Health Organization (2002) 'Herba Andrographidis'. Available at: https://iris.who.int/items/6418d8af-5200-4e6b-9bf5-004f3aa62a37 Traditional / reference
    https://iris.who.int/items/6418d8af-5200-4e6b-9bf5-004f3aa62a37
  14. Tundis, R. and Patra, J.K. and Bonesi, M. and Das, S. and Nath, R. and Das Talukdar, A. and Das, G. and Loizzo, M.R (2023) 'Anti-Cancer Agent: The Labdane Diterpenoid-Andrographolide', Plants, 12(10), pp. 1969. doi:10.3390/plants12101969 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12101969
  15. Mishra, S.K. and Tripathi, S. and Shukla, A. and Oh, S.H. and Kim, H.M (2015) 'Andrographolide and analogues in cancer prevention', Frontiers in Bioscience (Elite Edition), 7(2), pp. 255-266. doi:10.2741/E732 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.2741/E732
  16. Paul, S. and Roy, D. and Pati, S. and Sa, G (2021) 'The Adroitness of Andrographolide as a Natural Weapon Against Colorectal Cancer', Frontiers in Pharmacology, 12, pp. 731492. doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.731492 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.731492
  17. Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (n.d.) 'Andrographis (About Herbs)'. Available at: https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/integrative-medicine/herbs/andrographis Traditional / reference
    https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/integrative-medicine/herbs/andrographis
  1. Pilkington, K., Wieland, L.S., Teng, L., Jin, X.Y. and others (2022) 'Coriolus (Trametes) versicolor mushroom to reduce adverse effects from chemotherapy or radiotherapy in people with colorectal cancer', Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 11(11), pp. CD012053. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD012053.pub2 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD012053.pub2
  2. Habtemariam, S (2020) 'Trametes versicolor (Synn. Coriolus versicolor) Polysaccharides in Cancer Therapy: Targets and Efficacy', Biomedicines, 8(5), pp. 135. doi:10.3390/biomedicines8050135 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8050135
  3. Fritz, H., Kennedy, D.A., Ishii, M., Fergusson, D. and others (2015) 'Polysaccharide K and Coriolus versicolor extracts for lung cancer: a systematic review', Integrative Cancer Therapies, 14(3), pp. 201-211. doi:10.1177/1534735415572883 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.1177/1534735415572883
  4. Tsang, K.W., Lam, C.L., Yan, C., Mak, J.C. and others (2003) 'Coriolus versicolor polysaccharide peptide slows progression of advanced non-small cell lung cancer', Respiratory Medicine, 97(6), pp. 618-624. doi:10.1053/rmed.2003.1490 Randomized trial
    https://doi.org/10.1053/rmed.2003.1490
  5. Ng, T.B (1998) 'A review of research on the protein-bound polysaccharide (polysaccharopeptide, PSP) from the mushroom Coriolus versicolor (Basidiomycetes: Polyporaceae)', General Pharmacology, 30(1), pp. 1-4. doi:10.1016/s0306-3623(97)00076-1 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.1016/s0306-3623(97)00076-1
  6. Kowalczewska, M., Piotrowski, J., Jedrzejewski, T. and Kozak, W (2016) 'Polysaccharide peptides from Coriolus versicolor exert differential immunomodulatory effects on blood lymphocytes and breast cancer cell line MCF-7 in vitro', Immunology Letters, 174, pp. 37-44. doi:10.1016/j.imlet.2016.04.010 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imlet.2016.04.010
  7. Jedrzejewski, T., Piotrowski, J., Kowalczewska, M., Wrotek, S. and Kozak, W (2015) 'Polysaccharide peptide from Coriolus versicolor induces interleukin 6-related extension of endotoxin fever in rats', International Journal of Hyperthermia, 31(6), pp. 626-634. doi:10.3109/02656736.2015.1046953 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.3109/02656736.2015.1046953
  8. Scarpari, M., Reverberi, M., Parroni, A., Scala, V. and others (2017) 'Tramesan, a novel polysaccharide from Trametes versicolor. Structural characterization and biological effects', PLoS One, 12(8), pp. e0171412. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0171412 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0171412
  9. Lysakowska, P., Sobota, A. and Wirkijowska, A (2023) 'Medicinal Mushrooms: Their Bioactive Components, Nutritional Value and Application in Functional Food Production - A Review', Molecules, 28(14), pp. 5393. doi:10.3390/molecules28145393 Meta-analysis / review
    https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28145393
  10. Wang, K.F., Sui, K.Y., Guo, C. and Liu, C.Z (2017) 'Quorum sensing molecule-farnesol increased the production and biological activities of extracellular polysaccharide from Trametes versicolor', International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 104(Pt A), pp. 377-383. doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.06.053 Preclinical
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.06.053
  11. Chu, K.K., Ho, S.S. and Chow, A.H (2002) 'Coriolus versicolor: a medicinal mushroom with promising immunotherapeutic values', 42(9), pp. 976--984. doi:10.1177/0091270002042009004 Traditional / reference
    https://doi.org/10.1177/0091270002042009004
  12. Standish, L.J., Wenner, C.A., Sweet, E.S., Bridge, C., Nelson, A., Martzen, M., Novack, J. and Torkelson, C (2008) 'Trametes versicolor mushroom immune therapy in breast cancer', 6(3), pp. 122--128. Traditional / reference
    https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Trametes%20versicolor%20mushroom%20immune%20therapy%20in%20breast%20cancer
  13. Wasser, S.P (2011) 'Current findings, future trends, and unsolved problems in studies of medicinal mushrooms', 89(5), pp. 1323--1332. doi:10.1007/s00253-010-3067-4 Randomized trial
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-010-3067-4
  14. Duke, J.A (2002) 'Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, Second Edition'. Traditional / reference
    https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Handbook%20of%20Medicinal%20Herbs%2C%20Second%20Edition
  15. Macalester College, Katharine Ordway Natural History Study Area 'Turkey Tail Fungus (Trametes versicolor)'. Available at: https://www.macalester.edu/ordway/biodiversity/inventory/turkeytailfungus/ Traditional / reference
    https://www.macalester.edu/ordway/biodiversity/inventory/turkeytailfungus/
  16. Missouri Department of Conservation 'False Turkey Tail (Stereum ostrea)'. Available at: https://mdc.mo.gov/discover-nature/field-guide/false-turkey-tail Traditional / reference
    https://mdc.mo.gov/discover-nature/field-guide/false-turkey-tail
  17. Kuo, Michael 'Stereum ostrea (False Turkey Tail)'. Available at: https://www.mushroomexpert.com/stereum_ostrea.html Traditional / reference
    https://www.mushroomexpert.com/stereum_ostrea.html

Generated automatically from the Omnia Sana plant database and its cited sources. For educational purposes only — not medical advice. Always consult a qualified practitioner before using medicinal plants.