Plant Comparison

Agrimony vs Ribwort Plantain

A side-by-side comparison of two medicinal plants — every documented constituent, action, use, safety note and cited source, assembled automatically from the Omnia Sana database.

First plant

Second plant

Plant AAgrimonyAgrimonia eupatoriaRosaceaeFull monograph →

Plant BRibwort PlantainPlantago lanceolataPlantaginaceaeFull monograph →

At a glance

Agrimony and Ribwort Plantain: they share 6 indicated uses (arthritis / joint pain, bruising, inflammation (general), …); 2 pharmacological actions in common.

AgrimonyRibwort Plantain

Constituents43

Pharmacological actions86

Indicated uses1111

Safety notes32

Cited sources1913

Indicated uses

Only Agrimony

Loss of appetiteBloatingCancer (anticancer research)DiarrhoeaIndigestion

Shared (6)

Arthritis / joint painBruisingInflammation (general)Skin irritationSore throatWounds

Only Ribwort Plantain

BronchitisCold & fluCoughImmune supportInfection (general)

Pharmacological actions

Only Agrimony

Anticancer (preclinical)AntidiarrhoealAntioxidantAstringentBitter digestive tonic / stomachicDigestive aid

Shared (2)

Anti-inflammatoryVulnerary (wound healing)

Only Ribwort Plantain

AntimicrobialAntiviralDemulcent (soothing mucilage)Immunomodulator / immune support

Evidence face-off — shared uses

Condition	Agrimony	Ribwort Plantain	Verdict
Arthritis / joint pain	2/10	1/10	Comparable evidence
Bruising	2/10	1/10	Comparable evidence
Inflammation (general)	2/10	1/10	Comparable evidence
Skin irritation	1/10	1/10	Comparable evidence
Sore throat	2/10	1/10	Comparable evidence
Wounds	2/10	2/10	Comparable evidence

Evidence scores (1–10) are computed from the tier of each cited source. “Comparable” means the two scores are within one point. Follow a score to its detailed sources.

Key Constituents

Tannins (condensed and hydrolysable, including agrimoniin)^{[6, 9, 13, 14]}

Responsible for the characteristic astringency.

Tannins

Flavonoids (luteolin, apigenin, quercetin and their glycosides)^{[9, 14, 15]}

Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory constituents.

FlavonoidsGlycosidesQuercetinApigeninLuteolin

Phenolic acids^{[10, 14]}

Contribute to antioxidant activity.

Phenolic acids

Triterpenes, volatile oil and silica^{[14, 15]}

Minor constituents of the herb.

Essential (volatile) oilTerpenes / terpenoidsSilica

Iridoid glycosides (aucubin, catalpol)^[11]

Anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial constituents.

Iridoid glycosidesGlycosides

Mucilage polysaccharides (~2-3%)^[11]

Coat and protect inflamed mucous membranes and reduce cough-receptor sensitivity.

PolysaccharidesMucilage

Phenylethanoids (acteoside/verbascoside, plantamajoside) and flavonoids (apigenin, luteolin)^[11]

Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory constituents.

Verbascoside (acteoside)FlavonoidsApigeninLuteolin

Pharmacological Actions

Anti-inflammatory^{[1, 2, 4, 7, 11, 13, 15, 16]}

Anti-inflammatory gargle (mild inflammation of the mouth and throat / sore throat)

Anticancer (preclinical)^[17]

Agrimonia eupatoria ethanolic extract is cytotoxic to breast, colon, lung and cervical cancer cells and inhibits the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway (preclinical/in silico).

Antidiarrhoeal^{[13, 14, 15]}

Astringent (relief of mild diarrhoea)

Antioxidant^{[1, 2, 5, 7, 10, 11, 12, 14, 18]}

Astringent^{[13, 14, 15]}

Astringent (relief of mild diarrhoea)

Bitter digestive tonic / stomachic^{[14, 15, 18]}

Mild bitter digestive tonic (indigestion)

Digestive aid^{[14, 15, 18]}

Mild bitter digestive tonic (indigestion)

Vulnerary (wound healing)^{[2, 13, 14, 19]}

Vulnerary (minor skin inflammation and small superficial wounds, topical)

Anti-inflammatory^{[9, 11, 13]}

Anti-inflammatory for temporary mild inflammation of the mouth and throat (sore throat); in vitro the extract inhibits nitric oxide production and inducible NOS in macrophages, supporting its traditional respiratory anti-inflammatory use

Antimicrobial^{[1, 6, 11, 12]}

Antibacterial, antiviral and immunostimulant (in vitro)

Antiviral^{[11, 12]}

Antibacterial, antiviral and immunostimulant (in vitro)

Demulcent (soothing mucilage)^{[11, 12]}

Demulcent for catarrh of the respiratory tract and dry, irritating cough / bronchitis (mucilage soothes and protects irritated airways)

Immunomodulator / immune support^{[11, 12]}

Antibacterial, antiviral and immunostimulant (in vitro)

Vulnerary (wound healing)^{[7, 8, 11, 12]}

Vulnerary for minor wounds and insect bites (topical)

Traditional & Indicated Uses

Loss of appetite^{[14, 15, 18]}Traditional · 2/10

inferred from bitter-tonic action

Evidence: 2

Label: Loss of appetite

Arthritis / joint pain^{[1, 2, 13, 15, 16]}Traditional · 2/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 2

Label: Arthritis / joint pain

Bloating^{[14, 15, 18]}Traditional · 2/10

inferred from digestive action

Evidence: 2

Label: Bloating

Bruising^{[2, 13, 14, 19]}Traditional · 2/10

inferred from vulnerary action

Evidence: 2

Label: Bruising

Cancer (anticancer research)^[17]Traditional · 2/10

Agrimonia eupatoria ethanolic extract shows dose-dependent cytotoxicity against MCF-7 (breast), HT-29 (colon), A549 (lung) and HeLa (cervical) cancer cells and inhibits the PI3K/Akt/mTOR/COX-2/MMP-2 axis (preclinical).

Evidence: 2

Label: Cancer (anticancer research)

Diarrhoea^{[13, 14, 15]}Traditional · 1/10

Astringent (relief of mild diarrhoea)

Evidence: 1

Label: Diarrhoea

Indigestion^{[14, 15, 18]}Traditional · 2/10

Mild bitter digestive tonic (indigestion)

Evidence: 2

Label: Indigestion

Inflammation (general)^{[1, 2, 13, 14, 15, 16, 19]}Traditional · 2/10

Anti-inflammatory gargle (mild inflammation of the mouth and throat / sore throat); Vulnerary (minor skin inflammation and small superficial wounds, topical)

Evidence: 2

Label: Inflammation (general)

Skin irritation^{[13, 14, 15]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from astringent action

Evidence: 1

Label: Skin irritation

Sore throat^{[1, 2, 13, 15, 16]}Traditional · 2/10

Anti-inflammatory gargle (mild inflammation of the mouth and throat / sore throat)

Evidence: 2

Label: Sore throat

Wounds^{[2, 13, 14, 19]}Traditional · 2/10

Vulnerary (minor skin inflammation and small superficial wounds, topical)

Evidence: 2

Label: Wounds

Arthritis / joint pain^{[11, 13]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from anti-inflammatory action

Evidence: 1

Label: Arthritis / joint pain

Bronchitis^{[11, 12]}Traditional · 1/10

Demulcent for catarrh of the respiratory tract and dry, irritating cough / bronchitis (mucilage soothes and protects irritated airways)

Evidence: 1

Label: Bronchitis

Bruising^{[11, 12]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from vulnerary action

Evidence: 1

Label: Bruising

Cold & flu^{[11, 12]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from immunomodulator action

Evidence: 1

Label: Cold & flu

Cough^{[11, 12]}Traditional · 1/10

Demulcent for catarrh of the respiratory tract and dry, irritating cough / bronchitis (mucilage soothes and protects irritated airways)

Evidence: 1

Label: Cough

Immune support^{[11, 12]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from immunomodulator action

Evidence: 1

Label: Immune support

Infection (general)^{[1, 6, 11, 12]}Traditional · 2/10

inferred from antimicrobial action

Evidence: 2

Label: Infection (general)

Inflammation (general)^{[9, 11, 13]}Traditional · 1/10

Evidence: 1

Label: Inflammation (general)

Skin irritation^{[11, 12]}Traditional · 1/10

inferred from demulcent action

Evidence: 1

Label: Skin irritation

Sore throat^{[11, 13]}Traditional · 1/10

Evidence: 1

Label: Sore throat

Wounds^{[7, 8, 11, 12]}Traditional · 2/10

Vulnerary for minor wounds and insect bites (topical)

Evidence: 2

Label: Wounds

Safety, Cautions & Contraindications

Safety note^[13]Info

Traditional-use indication only: if diarrhoea persists longer than 3-4 days, or symptoms of mouth/throat inflammation persist beyond about a week, a doctor should be consulted.

Safety note^[13]Caution

Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding is not recommended, as safety has not been established.

Safety note^{[13, 15]}Info

Tannin-rich; very high or prolonged intake may cause gastrointestinal upset or constipation and can reduce the absorption of iron and some medicines taken at the same time.

Safety note^[11]Info

Generally very well tolerated. A cough or throat irritation that persists beyond about a week, or is accompanied by fever or breathlessness, needs medical assessment.

Safety note^[11]Caution

Use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is not recommended in the absence of adequate data.

External Ids

Gbif: 3001956

Wikidata: Q156865

Gbif: 8208358

Wikidata: Q157408

Botanical Description

Slender, downy perennial herb with a basal rosette of pinnately compound leaves and a single, unbranched, upright flowering stem. The leaflets are toothed, alternating large and small, and silvery-downy beneath. Small, five-petalled, bright yellow flowers are borne closely along a slender terminal spike (raceme), opening a few at a time from the base upwards, giving the old name 'church steeples'. After flowering, small bristly, hooked burrs form that cling to clothing and animal fur for dispersal.^{[13, 14]}

Height: 30-100 cm

Habit: Erect, downy perennial herb

Leaves: Pinnately compound, toothed leaflets of alternating large and small size, silvery-downy beneath

Flowers: Small, five-petalled, bright yellow flowers crowded on a slender terminal spike

Stem: Single, unbranched, upright, downy flowering stem

Root: Woody rootstock

Fruit: Small bristly, hooked burr that clings to clothing and fur

Flowering Period: June-September

Perennial herb (Plantaginaceae) forming a low rosette of narrow, lance-shaped leaves with prominent parallel ribs (hence 'ribwort'). Slender, furrowed, leafless flowering stalks rise from the rosette bearing a dense, short, dark brown-black ovoid to cylindrical flower spike ringed by a 'collar' of protruding cream-white stamens.^[11]

Height: Low rosette; flowering stalks 10-45 cm

Habit: Low rosette-forming perennial herb

Leaves: Narrow, lance-shaped, prominently 3-5-ribbed, in a basal rosette

Flowers: Dense, short, dark brown-black ovoid to cylindrical spike with a ring of cream-white stamens

Stem: Slender, furrowed, leafless flowering stalk

Root: Fibrous perennial rootstock

Fruit: Small capsule with 1-2 seeds

Flowering Period: May-September

Habitat

Grows in dry grassland, hedgerows, field margins, roadsides and open woodland edges on well-drained, often calcareous soils; native and common throughout Europe, temperate Asia and North Africa.^{[13, 14]}

Native throughout Europe and temperate Asia and naturalised worldwide; common in grassland, meadows, lawns, roadsides and waste ground, tolerating trampling and a wide range of soils.^[11]

Harvesting

The flowering aerial parts are cut in summer, at the start of flowering, and dried promptly in a warm, airy, shaded place.^[13]

Parts: Aerial parts (flowering herb)

Season: Summer, at the start of flowering

Leaves and aerial parts are gathered during the growing season, ideally before or during flowering, and dried quickly.^[11]

Parts: Leaf (aerial parts)

Season: Growing season, before or during flowering

Traditional Uses

Agrimony has a long folk history as an astringent remedy for mild diarrhoea, as a gargle for sore throats and mild mouth/throat inflammation, and as a mild bitter digestive tonic; it has also been applied topically to minor wounds and skin inflammation. It is officially recognised in the European Union herbal monograph for traditional use in mild diarrhoea and mild inflammation of the mouth or throat.^{[13, 14]}

Ribwort plantain has an official European herbal-monograph tradition for the temporary relief of dry cough and irritation of the mouth and throat, and for minor skin wounds, reflecting its long folk use as a demulcent respiratory remedy and wound herb. Modern research confirms mucilage-driven demulcent action alongside antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity.^{[11, 12]}

Preparations

Infusion^[13]

Dried flowering herb infused in hot water, taken internally for mild diarrhoea and digestive complaints or used as a gargle/mouthwash for sore throat.

Poultice/compress^[13]

Crushed or infused herb applied externally to minor wounds and skin inflammation.

Infusion (tea)^[11]

Dried leaf steeped in hot water for cough and sore throat.

Fresh pressed juice / syrup^[12]

Fresh leaf juice, traditionally made into a cough syrup, often combined with honey.

Poultice^[12]

Crushed fresh leaf applied to minor wounds and insect bites.

Dosage

Infusion^[13]

The EU herbal monograph gives 1.5-4 g of the comminuted herb in 250 mL (or less) of boiling water as an infusion, 2-3 times daily, in adolescents, adults and elderly. As a gargle for mild oral or throat inflammation, 1.5 g in 150 mL of boiling water 2-4 times daily, or a decoction of 3-4.5 g in 250 mL 2-3 times daily. Educational reference only, not a prescription.

Tincture^[13]

The EU herbal monograph gives 1-4 mL three times daily (orally, or as a gargle for oral and throat use). Educational reference only, not a prescription.

Infusion (tea)^{[11, 12]}

EMA/ESCOP herbal-monograph guidance suggests roughly 2-4 g dried leaf per cup as an infusion, up to three times daily, or an equivalent liquid extract. Educational reference only, not a prescription.

References

REF-0681, REF-0683, REF-2328, REF-2329, REF-2330, REF-2331, REF-2332, REF-2333, REF-2334, REF-2335, REF-2336, REF-2337

REF-0960, REF-0961, REF-0962, REF-0963, REF-0964, REF-0965, REF-0966, REF-0967, REF-0968, REF-0969

Lookalikes Review

Outcome: none-known

Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)

Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07

Outcome: none-known

Reviewed By: Omnia Sana (owner-authorized)

Reviewed Date: 2026-07-07

References & Sources

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https://doi.org/10.1211/0022357055605

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Generated automatically from the Omnia Sana plant database and its cited sources. For educational purposes only — not medical advice. Always consult a qualified practitioner before using medicinal plants.